高考要惕“魔鬼完形填空”:看懂字面意思,恰恰是做错的第一步!

四季读书网 2026-10-04 15:19:03 12 0

英语考试最抓狂的丢分：文章看懂了，选项全认识，却完美避开正确答案。

这就是“魔鬼完形填空”。

拿 2020年河南中考完形填空的开篇前三题做引子，借这几道题，我们聊一个最扎心的问题：单词都认识，完形填空到底该怎么思考？

【第一部分：真题引子（先做一遍）】

A man had a kitten that climbed up a tree in his backyard and then was afraid to come down. He _1 warm milk. It would not come down.

1. A. left　　B. offered　　C. threw　　D. drank

The tree was not 2 enough to climb, so the man decided that if he tied rope to his 3 and pull it until the tree be down. he could then 4 and get the kitten.

2. A. tall　　B. old　　C. close　　D. strong

3. A. car　　B. body　　C. door　　D. window

4. A. pick up　　B. look up　　C. reach up　　D. climb up

先选出自己的答案，再往下看

【第二部分：你是“凭感觉”还是“凭逻辑”？】

这几道题，很多人是凭感觉“盲选”的。完形填空最大的陷阱，就是这种看似合理的中文直觉。

第1题：猫下不来，你选了“threw”还是“drank”？

· 直觉陷阱：看到猫和牛奶，自动脑补“扔牛奶”或“喝牛奶”，感觉顺理成章。

· 逻辑推演：停下来想——他拿牛奶的目的是什么？扔，不合常理；自己喝，跟猫下不下来毫无关系。

· 正解：B. offered。这里的offer不是“提供”，而是“主动拿……去引诱”。完形填空考的不是中文意思，而是动词在语境中的意图。

第2题：树不___，你是不是直接蹦出了“高”？

· 直觉陷阱：中文说“树太高爬不上去”，一看选项有tall，直接打勾。这是最危险的时刻。

· 逻辑推演：往后看半句。男人要“把树拉倒”，如果树只是“高”，不影响拉倒它。绳子后来断了，为什么断？

· 正解：D. strong。因为树不够粗壮、不结实，一拉就断。这叫上下文逻辑关联。

第3题：绳子系在什么上？你选“body”是凭什么？

· 直觉陷阱：系在身体上，用人力拉树，听起来很合理，凭感觉选了B。

· 逻辑推演：如果是人拉，句子会直接写“tied the rope and pulled it”。后文明确提到“在车里看进度（checking his progress in the car）”。

· 正解：A. car。绳子拴在汽车上，用汽车动力拉树。这是生活常识与文本伏笔的结合。

【第三部分：完形填空的“降维思考法”】

做错这几题，不是词汇量不够，而是太依赖中文直觉和“凭感觉选”。必须升级做题思维：

1. 摒弃“翻译顺口就选”

完形填空是微型推演，不是单选题。问自己：他做这个动作的目的是什么？结果会怎样？逻辑通了，答案才对。

2. 寻找“左邻右舍”的线索

答案往往藏在空格的前一句或后一句。第2题的答案在“拉树倒”里，第3题的答案在“在车里看进度”里。永远在上下文中找依据。

3. 警惕“中文母语”的干扰

中文说“树太高”，英文可能强调“树不够结实”。暂时放下中文语感，顺着英文逻辑走。

完形填空丢分，往往不是词汇量不够，而是方法需要升级。把每篇完形当成一个故事去读，去推敲作者的“言外之意”！

【附：2020年河南中考完形填空完整版真题】

抛弃感觉要用思维推理

A man had a kitten that climbed up a tree in his backyard and then was afraid to come down. He 1 warm milk. It would not come down.

The tree was not 2 enough to climb, so the man decided that if he tied a rope to his 3 and pulled it until the tree bent down, he could then 4 and get the kitten.

That's what he did, all the while checking his progress in the car. He then thought if he went just a little bit 5, the tree would be bent low enough for him to reach the kitten. But as he moved the car a little further forward, the rope broke.

The tree went "boing!" and the kitten was nowhere to be found.

The man felt 6. He asked people he met if they'd 7 a little kitten. No. Nobody had.

A few 8 later he met a neighbor at the store. He happened to look into her shopping basket and was 9 to see cat food.

This woman was a cat 10 and everyone knew it, so he asked her, "11 are you buying cat food?" She replied, "You won't believe this," and then told him how her little girl had been begging her for a cat, 12 she kept refusing. Then a few days before the child had begged again, so the Mom finally 13 her little girl, "Well, I'll let you keep a cat if it falls from the 14."

She told the man, "I watched my child go out in the yard, and look straight into the sky. And really, 15 won't believe this, but I saw it with my own eyes. A kitten suddenly came flying through the air, and landed right in front of her."

1. A. left　　B. offered　　C. threw　　D. drank

2. A. tall　　B. old　　C. close　　D. strong

3. A. car　　B. body　　C. door　　D. window

4. A. pick up　　B. look up　　C. reach up　　D. climb up

5. A. faster　　B. higher　　C. nearer　　D. further

6. A. sick　　B. bored　　C. funny　　D. terrible

7. A. seen　　B. lost　　C. raised　　D. bought

8. A. hours　　B. days　　C. weeks　　D. years

9. A. happy　　B. sorry　　C. worried　　D. surprised

10. A. lover　　B. hater　　C. keeper　　D. trainer

11. A. Why　　B. How　　C. When　　D. Where

12. A. so　　B. or　　C. but　　D. until