中考英语核心词汇精讲(第十九讲):中考高频短语综合训练(一)——完形填空“隐形拉分王”,背完直接拿分!

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中考英语核心词汇精讲(第十九讲):中考高频短语综合训练(一)——完形填空“隐形拉分王”,背完直接拿分!

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欢迎来到「中考英语核心词汇精讲」的第十九讲!

上一讲我们讲了中考最常考的6组数词与冠词(二)(年份日期读法、序数词特殊用法、专有名词冠词、固定搭配、零冠词对比),没看过的同学可以点击文末合集标签回看。

今天进入第十九讲——中考高频短语综合训练(一)。

前面十八讲,我们把动词短语、介词短语、名词短语、形容词短语等分板块讲了一遍。但中考考场上,短语是混合出现的——完形填空里可能一道题考动词短语,下一道考介词短语,再下一道考名词搭配。

所以从今天开始,我们用两讲的时间做综合训练,把中考最高频的短语“混在一起”过一遍。今天先来第一组。

一、动词+介词/副词 高频搭配(15组)

以下是前十八讲未重点涉及、但中考完形填空反复考查的动词短语:

短语
含义
真题例句
break down
出故障;崩溃
My car broke down on the way.
(我的车在路上抛锚了。)
break out
爆发(战争/火灾)
A fire broke out last night.
(昨晚发生了一场火灾。)
bring up
抚养;提出
She was brought up by her grandma.
(她由奶奶抚养长大。)
call off
取消
The match was called off because of rain.
(比赛因雨取消。)
carry out
执行;实施
We must carry out the plan.
(我们必须执行这个计划。)
cut down
砍倒;减少
You should cut down on sugar.
(你应该减少糖的摄入。)
fall asleep
入睡
He fell asleep in class.
(他上课睡着了。)
hold on
坚持;别挂电话
Hold on, please. I‘ll check for you.
(请稍等,我帮你查一下。)
keep on
继续
He kept on working despite the noise.
(尽管很吵,他继续工作。)
set up
建立;创办
They set up a new school.
(他们创办了一所新学校。)
work out
解决;算出
I finally worked out the problem.
(我终于解出了这道题。)
give out
分发;耗尽
The teacher gave out the papers.
(老师分发了试卷。)
come up with
想出
He came up with a good idea.
(他想出了一个好主意。)
look forward to
期待
We look forward to seeing you.
(我们期待见到你。)
put up with
忍受
I can’t put up with his rudeness.
(我无法忍受他的粗鲁。)

速记口诀:

break down抛锚,break out爆发;bring up抚养,call off取消;carry out执行,cut down砍倒;fall asleep入睡,hold on稍等;keep on继续,set up建立;work out解决,give out分发;come up with想出,look forward to期待,put up with忍受。

⚠️ 易错提醒:look forward to 和 put up with 中的 to/with 都是介词,后面接 doing,不是动词原形!

二、介词短语高频搭配(15组)

短语
含义
真题例句
at first
起初
At first, I didn’t like English.
(起初我不喜欢英语。)
at last
最后
At last, we found the way.
(最后我们找到了路。)
at least
至少
You should read at least 10 pages.
(你至少应该读10页。)
at present
目前
At present, he is in Beijing.
(目前他在北京。)
by accident
偶然
I met him by accident.
(我偶然遇见了他。)
by mistake
错误地
I took your bag by mistake.
(我错拿了你的包。)
for example
例如
Many sports, for example, swimming, are good for health.
(例如游泳等许多运动对健康有益。)
in fact
事实上
In fact, he is a good student.
(事实上他是个好学生。)
in danger
处于危险中
The animals are in danger.
(这些动物处于危险中。)
in trouble
处于困境中
When you are in trouble, ask for help.
(当你遇到麻烦时,寻求帮助。)
on time
准时
Please arrive on time.
(请准时到达。)
on purpose
故意地
He did it on purpose.
(他故意这么做的。)
with pleasure
乐意地
—Could you help me? —With pleasure.
(——你能帮我吗?——乐意之至。)
in a word
总之
In a word, English is very important.
(总之,英语很重要。)
in surprise
惊讶地
He looked at me in surprise.
(他惊讶地看着我。)

速记口诀:

at first起初,at last最后,at least至少;by accident偶然,by mistake错误;for example例如,in fact事实;in danger危险,in trouble困境;on time准时,on purpose故意;in a word总之,in surprise惊讶。

⚠️ 易错提醒:in time(及时)和 on time(准时)的区别是中考高频考点——in time 强调“赶上了”,on time 强调“不早不晚”。

三、名词短语高频搭配(10组)

短语
含义
真题例句
make a decision
做决定
We should make a decision now.
(我们现在应该做决定。)
make friends
交朋友
I want to make friends with you.
(我想和你交朋友。)
take action
采取行动
We must take action to protect the environment.
(我们必须采取行动保护环境。)
take part in
参加
We took part in the sports meeting.
(我们参加了运动会。)
pay attention to
注意
Please pay attention to your spelling.
(请注意拼写。)
make a difference
有影响;起作用
Your help made a difference.
(你的帮助起了作用。)
have a good time
玩得开心
We had a good time at the party.
(我们在聚会上玩得很开心。)
have trouble doing
做某事有困难
I have trouble learning English.
(我学英语有困难。)
keep in touch
保持联系
Let’s keep in touch.
(让我们保持联系。)
take care of
照顾
Please take care of yourself.
(请照顾好自己。)

速记口诀:

make a decision做决定,make friends交朋友;take action采取行动,take part in参加;pay attention to注意,make a difference有影响;have a good time开心,have trouble doing有困难;keep in touch联系,take care of照顾。

⚠️ 易错提醒:pay attention to 中的 to 是介词,后面接 doing;have trouble doing 中的 doing 不能省略。

四、形容词短语高频搭配(10组)

短语
含义
真题例句
be good at
擅长
She is good at English.
(她擅长英语。)
be interested in
对……感兴趣
I am interested in music.
(我对音乐感兴趣。)
be afraid of
害怕
I am afraid of dogs.
(我害怕狗。)
be proud of
为……自豪
We are proud of our country.
(我们为祖国自豪。)
be full of
充满
The room is full of people.
(房间挤满了人。)
be famous for
因……闻名
The city is famous for its food.
(这座城市以美食闻名。)
be different from
与……不同
My opinion is different from yours.
(我的观点和你的不同。)
be angry with
对……生气(对人)
I am angry with him.
(我生他的气。)
be strict with
对……严格(对人)
Teachers are strict with us.
(老师对我们很严格。)
be surprised at
对……惊讶
I was surprised at the news.
(我对这个消息感到惊讶。)

速记口诀:

good at擅长,interested in感兴趣,afraid of害怕,proud of自豪;full of充满,famous for闻名,different from不同;angry with生气,strict with严格,surprised at惊讶。

⚠️ 易错提醒:be good at、be interested in、be afraid of 后面接 doing;be angry with 后面接人,be angry at/about 后面接事。

五、综合自测

  1. My car ______ on the way to school, so I was late.A. broke down B. broke out C. carried out D. set up

  2. The teacher asked us to ______ the papers to the students.A. give out B. work out C. come up with D. put up with

  3. ______ , he passed the exam and went to a good high school.A. At first B. In the end C. At once D. By the way

  4. The doctor arrived ______ and saved the patient’s life.A. on time B. in time C. at times D. all the time

  5. We should ______ to protect the environment.A. make a decision B. take action C. make friends D. take care

📌 第十九讲速记卡(精华总结)

分类
核心短语
速记口诀
动词短语
break down, bring up, call off, carry out
break down抛锚,bring up抚养,call off取消
介词短语
at first, by accident, in fact, on purpose
at first起初,by accident偶然,in fact事实
名词短语
make a decision, take action, pay attention to
make a decision决定,take action行动
形容词短语
be good at, be interested in, be proud of
good at擅长,interested in感兴趣

💬 互动时间

  1. My car ______ on the way to school.
    (填break短语)
  2. We should ______ to protect the environment.
    (填take短语)
  3. I am ______ (good / interested) in music.
    (选一个)

明天预告:第二十讲——中考高频短语综合训练(二),明天不见不散!这也是本合集的最后一讲,我们明天见!

我是Anna老师,一个帮你把单词从“认识”变成“会用”的老师。

如果你觉得这篇有用,点个👍推荐,也可以转发给更多正在背单词的同学。#初中英语 #高中英语 #英语语法大全 #中考英语语法 #中考必考#初一#初二#初三#初中语法#初中家长必看

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