高考同源阅读|法海寺壁画这篇略难一点,提高班和CD档卷更合适,冷光手电那段讲起来顺手

今天给大家介绍一篇高考同源阅读，切口是北京法海寺：十五位明代宫廷画家留下236.7平方米壁画，如今每天只放七组、每组25人进殿，还得靠冷光手电在黑暗里看。文章属人文艺术与文物保护主题，蓝思值约950L，词数228，偏CD档，提高班用起来更顺手。已配好阅读5题、完形15空和高考超纲词预习单，冷光手电那段讲起来也顺。

语篇分析

【What】 1439年，明朝皇帝下令在北京建法海寺，十五位宫廷画家用金和矿物颜料绘出十幅壁画，覆盖236.7平方米；1937年英国记者将其与文艺复兴佛罗伦萨顶尖艺术相比。壁画近六百年未重绘，用金超两公斤，4.5米高水月观音最惊人；如今每天限七组、每组25人，周一休息，2023年艺术中心开放数字投影，2025年附近模式口大街接待755万人次。

【Why】 课标主题语境为人文艺术与文化遗产保护。文章真正要证明的一点是：法海寺壁画的价值不只在“皇家作品”身份，更在它把不可替代的细节——神兽耳内毛细血管——锁进黑暗，于是保护条件本身成了理解它的前提。后文主旨和推断题会踩住这个支点：看得越少，越需要解释与数字复制来补位。

【How】 体裁为新闻说明，段间逻辑由时间轴推进，末段由物及人、由寺及街。数字密集处（236.7平方米、两公斤、4.5米、七组25人、755万）和人物身份（徐克、董卓、李旭明）容易成为细节干扰；对比处更需留意：皇家法海寺与民间莫高窟、现场冷光手电与数字投影，都是命题常设的区分点。

Ming Dynasty Royal Art: Fahai Temple Murals Rival the Renaissance

In 1439, Ming Dynasty emperors ordered the construction of Fahai Temple in Beijing. Fifteen royal court painters created ten amazing murals(壁画) covering 236.7 square meters. Using gold and mineral pigments(颜料), they painted gods, mythical(神话中的) beasts, and people. These artworks create a 3D effect that surprises modern viewers. In 1937, a British journalist stated that these frescoes(湿壁画) rival the best art of Renaissance(文艺复兴) Florence. This secret temple quickly became famous worldwide.

The murals have survived for nearly six centuries without repainting. Experts note that over two kilograms of gold were used. Xu Ke, a relic(文物) custodian(保管人), emphasizes that these are rare royal works, unlike the folk-created Mogao Caves. The 4.5-meter-tall Water-Moon Guanyin is the most stunning piece. Dong Zhuo, vice-dean of the Central Academy of Fine Arts, claims that the details are so fine that you can see capillaries(毛细血管) inside the beast's ears. To protect the art, visitors must use cool flashlights in the dark.

Today, only seven groups of 25 people can enter the hall daily. The murals rest on Mondays to limit environmental damage. Because seeing the full mural by flashlight is difficult, the Fahai Temple Mural Art Center opened in 2023. It offers life-size digital projections and a four-hour explanation. Li Xuming, a manager, notes that this helps people better understand the murals. Thanks to this fame, the nearby Moshikou Street has become a popular tourist spot, receiving 7.55 million visits in 2025.

这篇语篇，可以怎么命题？

(1) What is mentioned about the production of the Fahai Temple murals?

A. They were completed by a single artist over many years.

B. They were created using costly materials by painters from the court.

C. They were painted to celebrate a British journalist's visit.

D. They were inspired by artworks from Renaissance Florence.

(2) What is the main purpose of the passage?

A. To argue that Chinese art is superior to European art.

B. To explain the religious significance of Buddhist murals.

C. To introduce the historical and artistic value of the Fahai Temple murals and their protection.

D. To compare the Fahai Temple murals with the Mogao Caves in detail.

(3) What can be inferred about the viewing experience of the murals inside the temple hall?

A. Visitors are allowed to take photographs with bright lights.

B. The limited daily access and lighting conditions make it hard to appreciate the art fully.

C. The temple hall is kept brightly lit to show the gold pigments.

D. Visitors can freely walk around the hall without any restrictions.

(4) What is Xu Ke's attitude towards the Fahai Temple murals?

A. He considers them less important than the Mogao Caves.

B. He believes they should be repainted to look brighter.

C. He regards them as exceptional works created for the royal family.

D. He thinks they are too damaged to be displayed to the public.

(5) Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A. The murals have been repainted several times over the centuries.

B. The digital center was opened before the temple became famous worldwide.

C. The temple allows more visitors on Mondays than on other days.

D. The murals' fame has contributed to the popularity of a nearby street.

这组题为什么这样设计？

这组题按五技分层铺开：从具体信息辨识到主旨收束，再到推断、态度与词义线索，不把细节挤在一处刷。老师用它组卷，可覆盖学生信息筛选、主旨概括、逻辑推断、观点判断和语境猜词五项能力。

本组题真正要测的是学生能否在数字与身份密集处稳住细节，在对比与限制条件中完成推断，并借评价性语言判断人物态度；主旨题则检验其能否不被例证带偏。词义线索虽未单设题，但冷光手电、数字投影等语境已为猜词留出空间。老师组进人文艺术与文物保护主题时，可放心用于区分细节辨识与逻辑推断的能力层级。

完型填空题目改编（15道）

In 1439, Ming Dynasty emperors ordered the construction of Fahai Temple in Beijing. Fifteen 1 court painters created ten amazing murals covering 236.7 square meters. Using gold and mineral 2, they painted gods, mythical beasts, and people. These artworks create a 3D effect that 3 modern viewers. In 1937, a British journalist stated that these frescoes 4 the best art of Renaissance Florence. This 5 temple quickly became famous worldwide.

The murals have 6 for nearly six centuries without repainting. Experts note that over two kilograms of gold were used. Xu Ke, a relic custodian, emphasizes that these are rare royal works, unlike the 7 Mogao Caves. The 4.5-meter-tall Water-Moon Guanyin is the most 8 piece. Dong Zhuo, vice-dean of the Central Academy of Fine Arts, 9 that the details are so fine that you can see capillaries inside the beast's ears. To 10 the art, visitors must use cool flashlights in the dark.

Today, only seven groups of 25 people can 11 the hall daily. The murals 12 on Mondays to limit environmental damage. Because seeing the full mural by flashlight is 13, the Fahai Temple Mural Art Center opened in 2023. It 14 life-size digital projections and a four-hour explanation. Li Xuming, a manager, notes that this helps people better understand the murals. Thanks to this fame, the nearby Moshikou Street has become a 15 tourist spot, receiving 7.55 million visits in 2025.

1. A. ordinary B. famous C. young D. top

2. A. dyes B. pigments C. paints D. colors

3. A. confuses B. attracts C. amazes D. reminds

4. A. rivaled B. exceeded C. surpassed D. echoed

5. A. royal B. ancient C. Buddhist D. mural

6. A. remained B. existed C. lasted D. survived

7. A. non-royal B. ancient C. private D. modern

8. A. amazing B. beautiful C. precious D. expensive

9. A. argues B. insists C. notes D. proves

10. A. paint B. view C. restore D. create

11. A. visit B. admire C. explore D. enter

12. A. are shown B. are closed C. are sold D. are moved

13. A. impossible B. difficult C. dangerous D. expensive

14. A. exhibits B. creates C. collects D. rents

15. A. historical B. quiet C. popular D. religious

本篇文章完型填空的命题特点

本篇文章完型填空的命题特点，首先体现在以语篇层次统摄设空，而非在单句内找语法正确项。开篇以明代皇家画师、矿物颜料与三维效果为背景，设空多落在句内搭配与语义精度上，如画师身份、绘画材料、观者反应，要求学生在同一话题链中比对词义范围与感情色彩。转折段由物及人，借保管员与专家之口形成皇家与民间的对比，设空则转向句际逻辑与跨句复现，如从六百年未重绘到周一闭馆、从现场冷光手电到数字投影，证据类型包括受益对象、保护手段与评价立场，学生须协调两处以上信息才能排除仅搭配成立的干扰项。收束段由寺及街，以客流数据收束主题，设空涉及准入动作、开放状态与近义方向，如进入与参观、困难与不可能、受欢迎与仅具历史属性，情感基调始终锚定在敬畏与保护之上。整体设计使空位分布在句内搭配、句际逻辑、跨句复现、近义辨析与情感主题五个层次，其中近义方向与逻辑关系为区分关键。

本篇文章完型填空的命题特点，收束到能考出学生的真实缺口：只看空上选项是否顺口，不核对前后数据与受益对象；把常见搭配当成充分条件，忽略时间、逻辑与宾语约束；近义方向不核对，把困难误判为不可能、把受欢迎误判为仅具历史属性。教师若与同主题阅读配套印发，可让学生在语篇约束下恢复信息，而非在单句里做语法填空。

文章中文翻译

明代皇家艺术：法海寺壁画媲美文艺复兴

1439年，明朝皇帝下令在北京建造法海寺。十五位宫廷画家创作了十幅精美的壁画，覆盖236.7平方米。他们使用黄金和矿物颜料，描绘了神灵、神兽和人物。这些作品创造出令现代观众惊叹的3D效果。1937年，一位英国记者声称这些壁画可与文艺复兴时期佛罗伦萨的顶尖艺术相媲美。这座隐秘的寺庙迅速闻名世界。

这些壁画历经近六个世纪而未重绘，保存至今。专家指出，壁画使用了超过两公斤的黄金。文物保管员徐克强调，这些是罕见的皇家作品，与民间创作的莫高窟不同。4.5米高的水月观音是最令人惊叹的作品。中央美术学院修复学院副院长董卓声称，细节如此精细，你甚至能看到神兽耳朵里的毛细血管。为了保护艺术，游客必须在黑暗中使用冷光手电筒。

如今，每天只有七组、每组25人能进入大殿。壁画在周一休息，以限制环境损害。由于用手电筒很难看清整幅壁画，法海寺壁画艺术中心于2023年开放。它提供真人大小的数字投影和四小时的讲解。经理李旭明指出，这有助于人们更好地理解壁画。得益于这一名声，附近的模式口大街已成为热门旅游景点，2025年接待游客755万人次。

高考超纲词

这份词表里，真正卡住学生读下去的不多。我盯的是 fresco、rival、custodian、capillary 这几个——它们要么决定句子在讲什么，要么一望文生义就跑偏。

超纲词名师点评

我是许乃夫老师，前新东方功勋教师，新概念教了二十年。今天这篇法海寺壁画，词表虽长，但值得在课上停下来讲的，其实就那么几个：fresco、rival、custodian、capillary，还有 projection。

先看 fresco 和 mural。文章第一段说 Fifteen royal court painters created ten amazing murals，后面又说 these frescoes rival the best art of Renaissance Florence。学生若把这两个词都简单记成「壁画」，考试时遇到 fresco 单独出现就反应不过来。fresco 特指在湿灰泥上作画，是技法；mural 是画在墙上的作品，是形式。法海寺这些画之所以能撑六百年不重绘，跟它用金和矿物颜料、跟墙体技法都有关系。讲词的时候把这一层带出来，学生记的不是一个中文标签，而是一整套关于「怎么画、为什么能留下来」的信息。

再看 rival。这个词学生大多背过「对手」，但这里 rival the best art of Renaissance Florence 是动词，意思是「与……匹敌」。一个「对手」变「比得上」，词性一转，句意就通了。1937 年那位英国记者不是在说「法海寺跟佛罗伦萨竞争」，而是在说「法海寺壁画好到可以跟文艺复兴顶尖艺术放在一起比」。这个语义场一建立，学生后面看到 rival 作动词就不会慌。

custodian 也值得点一下。Xu Ke, a relic custodian，如果只记「保管人」，学生容易把它跟 guard、keeper 混在一起。custodian 有「受托照管」的意味，不是站门口看门，而是对文物负有保管责任的人。文章后面讲每天限流、周一休息，其实都是在回应 custodian 这个身份背后的职责。capillary 更典型——毛细血管，学生看到这个词第一反应是「生物课的词」，但这里出现在神兽耳朵的细节描写里，恰恰是文章最想让人记住的那个点：细节细到肉眼可见毛细血管，所以才需要冷光手电、才需要数字投影来补位。

最后说 projection。学生熟悉的是「预测」，但这里 life-size digital projections 是「投影」。一词多义，靠上下文锁定，不要靠词表硬背。

老师们用这份词表时，不妨先让学生回到句子里猜，再查词典验证。单词小超市里配了本篇的预习单和语境跟读音频，学生可以边听边在句子里把这些词再确认一遍，比对着词表抄十遍管用。