近五年(2022–2026)新高考Ⅰ/Ⅱ卷 七选五真题总结(一)

近五年（2022–2026）新高考Ⅰ/Ⅱ卷七选五真题总结

原文· 中文翻译 · 重点词汇 · 长难句分析 · 答案详解（含命题规律）

适用：高三一轮 / 二轮复习 |    整理日期：2026-09-24    |    共 10 篇（新高考Ⅰ卷 5 篇 + 新高考Ⅱ卷 5 篇）

第一部分五年命题规律总结

近五年（2022–2026）新高考Ⅰ/Ⅱ卷七选五共 10 篇。以下从体裁、结构、设空、衔接、策略五个维度总结命题规律，供一轮/二轮复习使用。

一、体裁与主题10 篇中以说明文为主（9 篇），仅 2025 新高考Ⅰ卷选用记叙文（An Unsung Hero）。主题集中在“生活指导/自我提升/社会温情/科技文化”四大类：健身搭档、写作技巧、室内植物、艺术启蒙、词典使用、过度旅游、无名英雄、家庭志愿、AI 与博物馆、儿童职业操守。说明文多用“总—分—总”或“总—分（小标题列举）”结构。

二、篇章结构说明文高频使用黑体小标题或项目符号（●/•）分条列举：2022Ⅱ、2024Ⅱ、2025Ⅱ、2026Ⅱ 均为“总起 + 并列要点 + 收尾”；2023Ⅰ 用设问小标题（What/Why/Which）；2026Ⅰ 为隐性三段分述（个性化体验/文物保护/教育价值）+ 末段伦理展望。读懂“总起句—分论点—总结句”的骨架，是快速定位选项的前提。

三、设空位置分布段首（主题句/小标题）约 4 题：2022Ⅱ-36、2024Ⅱ-39、2025Ⅱ-38/39、2026Ⅱ-37；段尾（总结/升华）约 3 题：2022Ⅰ-40、2023Ⅱ-40、2026Ⅱ-40；其余多为段中（逻辑衔接）。段首空优先看“与后文并列/概括”；段尾空优先看“对前文的归纳或递进”。

四、衔接与解题线索① 代词指代：2026Ⅰ-37 中 these digital assistants 回指 AI-powered virtual guides；2026Ⅰ-38 中 this capability 回指 identify the slightest signs。② 同义复现：2025Ⅱ 全篇 volunteer/volunteering 复现；2024Ⅰ-37 中 spellchecker 与 context 形成“工具—缺陷”呼应。③ 逻辑词：Furthermore / Moreover / Instead / Yet / So 等标志递进、因果、转折。④ 句式一致：2022Ⅱ 用 First of all / The next / The third 三技巧平行，36 空必选含 First of all 的 D。

五、解题四步法第1步 速读首尾，定体裁结构与主线；第2步 看设空位置（段首/中/尾）判断功能；第3步 找线索——复现词、代词、逻辑词、平行句式；第4步 代入通读，核验连贯与逻辑。警惕“假复现”干扰项（如 2025Ⅰ 的 B 项提及 children，与主题无关却看似相关）。

第二部分逐篇精讲（2022–2026）

第1篇 2022 新高考Ⅰ卷 · 说明文 · Fitness Magazine：如何找到健身搭档

【原文】

Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled "Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner." One reason was: "You'll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym," while another read: "36" With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙) competition.

So, how do you find a workout partner? First of all, decide what you want from that person. 37 Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility? Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.

You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won't result in a useful response. 38 If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym. My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. 39

You and your partner will probably have different skills. 40 Over time, both of you will benefit — your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core (核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.

【选项】

A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward.

B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by.

C. You'll work harder if you train with someone else.

D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport?

E. How can you write a good "seeking training partner" notice?

F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.

G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information.

【答案】36. C   37. D   38. B   39. G   40. F

【中文翻译】

《健身》杂志最近刊登了一篇题为“感谢健身搭档的五个理由”的文章。其中一个理由是：“如果你知道有人在健身房等你，你真的会去锻炼”；而另一个理由是：“（36）” 有了健身搭档，你的训练强度会提高，因为你们之间存在微妙的竞争。

那么，怎样找到健身搭档？首先，明确你想从对方身上得到什么。（37）还是你只想身体健康，能够有力且灵活地活动？想想你想和搭档一起做的运动。

你可能会想在社交媒体上发布你的需求，但这可能不会得到有用的回应。（38）如果你打算在健身房锻炼，那个人必须属于同一家健身房。我的搭档把她的请求贴在本地公园的布告栏上。她的启事包括她想做的训练种类、每周几天、每次训练几小时，以及她的年龄。还列出了她最喜欢的运动和活动，并留下了电话号码。（39）

你和搭档可能技能不同。（40）久而久之，你们都会受益——搭档能举起更重的重量，而你身体会更健康。你们关系的核心是：你们永远会在那里互相帮助。

【重点词汇 / 短语】

【长难句分析】

▶ 原句：With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙) competition.

结构拆解：With 介词短语作状语（含名词短语 a workout partner）+ 主句 you will increase your training effort + as 引导原因状语从句（there be 句型）。

译文：有了健身搭档，你的训练强度会提高，因为你们之间存在微妙的竞争。

▶ 原句：The core (核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.

结构拆解：主语 the core of your relationship + 系动词 is + that 引导表语从句。

译文：你们关系的核心是：你们永远会在那里互相帮助。

【答案详解】

36. C　线索：同义复现。空前 another read 与前面 One reason was 并列，给出第二个“感谢搭档的理由”；空后 With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle competition 中 increase your training effort（加大训练强度）与 C 项 You'll work harder if you train with someone else（和别人练你会更努力）完全同义复现，故选 C。

37. D　线索：逻辑并列（选择关系）。空后 Or do you just want to be physically fit... 以 Or 引出选择的后半句，说明 37 空须为问句与之构成选择；D 项 Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport? 与后文 Or do you just want... 句式一致、语义互补，故选 D。

38. B　线索：语境衔接。空前说在社交媒体发需求“不会得到有用回应”，空后说 If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym（必须同一家健身房），暗示搭档要就近；B 项 A workout partner usually needs to live close by（搭档通常要住得近）承上启下，故选 B。

39. G　线索：代词指代。空前列举了启事应包含的信息（训练种类、天数、时长、年龄、爱好、电话），G 项 Any notice for a training partner should include such information 中 such information 回指前文列举的内容，故选 G。

40. F　线索：原词复现。空前 You and your partner will probably have different skills（技能不同），F 项 Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other 中 differences 直接复现 different，且后文 both of you will benefit 与之呼应，故选 F。

第2篇 2022 新高考Ⅱ卷 · 说明文 · Writing an essay：写好文章的三个技巧

【原文】

Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process can be made easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques. 36

When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. Stay loose and free. 37 Don't worry about grammar or spelling. Even though this technique won't work for everyone, it helps many people get a good store of ideas to draw on.

The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. 38 Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper. Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle — as part of an exploration, not as a complete highway.

The third technique is to try printing out a triple-spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision. 39 As a result, these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks (大块) of their draft and writing revisions in the blank space. After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your changes into your word processor. 40 The resulting blank space invites you to revise.

【选项】

A. Make sure your handwriting is neat.

B. Let your pen follow the waves of thought.

C. The second draft of the essay should be better.

D. First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing.

E. Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.

F. Many beginning writers don't leave enough space to revise.

G. Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space.

【答案】36. D   37. B   38. E   39. F   40. G

【中文翻译】

对大多数人来说，写文章是个艰难的过程。不过，如果你学会练习三个简单技巧，这个过程就会轻松些。（36）

当你初次构思文章想法时，把笔落在纸上，不间断地写十到十五分钟，别让笔离开纸。保持松弛自由。（37）别担心语法或拼写。尽管这技巧并非对人人有效，但它帮许多人积累起可用的想法储备。

下一个技巧是快速写草稿，不必追求完美。（38）然而，学会与不完美共处，你会免去头痛，也免去废纸篓里塞满揉皱的纸。把初稿想成丛林中砍出的一条小路——它是探索的一部分，而非一条已修好的大道。

第三个技巧是打印出三倍行距的稿子，留出修改空间。（39）结果，这些作者从不养成划掉大段草稿、在空白处增补修订的习惯。当你改稿改到太乱无法再手写修改时，可以把改动录入文字处理软件。（40）由此留出的空白邀请你继续修订。

【重点词汇 / 短语】

【长难句分析】

▶ 原句：Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle — as part of an exploration, not as a complete highway.

结构拆解：Think of A as B 结构，B 为宾语补足语；a path 后接过去分词短语 cut out of the jungle 作后置定语；破折号后 as part of..., not as... 进一步解释。

译文：把初稿想成丛林中砍出的一条小路——它是探索的一部分，而非一条已修好的大道。

▶ 原句：After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your changes into your word processor.

结构拆解：After 引导时间状语从句（含 until 引导的程度状语从句）+ 主句。

译文：当你改稿改到太乱、无法再据以手写修改时，你可以把改动录入文字处理软件。

【答案详解】

36. D　线索：平行结构（First…next…third）。首段总起 practice three simple techniques，后文分述用 The next technique、The third technique，故 36 空须为 First of all 开头的技巧；D 项 First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing 与后文三技巧形成“第一/第二/第三”平行，故选 D。

37. B　线索：同义复现。空前 put your pen to your paper and write nonstop…Stay loose and free（不间断地写、松弛自由），B 项 Let your pen follow the waves of thought（让笔跟随思绪的波浪）正是对 nonstop / loose and free 的形象化复现，故选 B。

38. E　线索：反义对比 + 原词呼应。空前 write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect（快速起草、不求完美），E 项 Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time（太多人想一次写成）与“不求完美”形成对比；且空后 Yet…live with imperfection 中 imperfection 与 E 的 right the first time 呼应，故选 E。

39. F　线索：原词复现 + 代词指代。空前 print out a triple-spaced copy to allow space for revision（三倍行距留出修改空间），F 项 Many beginning writers don't leave enough space to revise 中 space to revise 直接复现；空后 these writers 回指 F 的 beginning writers，故选 F。

40. G　线索：原词复现（again + triple-space）。空前 enter your changes into your word processor（把改动录入电脑），G 项 Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space 中 again 与 triple-space 呼应前文 triple-spaced，且空后 The resulting blank space invites you to revise 收束“留白修改”主线，故选 G。

第3篇 2023 新高考Ⅰ卷 · 说明文 · Indoor plants：室内植物的益处与种植

【原文】

Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home. 36, but studies have shown that they can promote people's wellbeing by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. What's more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive.

What are indoor plants?

Indoor plants, also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like to grow indoors. Many of these species (物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter. 37

Why are indoor plants good for you?

Will Spoelstra, who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens, says, "38. I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood." Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity, focus and memory. There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking. 39

Which plants can you grow?

Aloe vera, peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow indoors. You can buy plants from supermarkets, garden centres or online. Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as they mature — which is part of the joy of owning plants. "40," Spoelstra says. "It can bring a new interest and focus into people's lives and help to make the link between home and nature."

【选项】

A. All plants are different

B. Not only do they look beautiful

C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors

D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer

E. Plants like peace lilies and devil's ivy are among the best

F. Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help

G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding

【答案】36. B   37. D   38. C   39. E   40. G

【中文翻译】

室内植物看起来仿佛只是闲坐着无所事事，但在许多方面，它们是家中无名英雄。（36），但研究表明，它们能通过改善心情、减轻压力、帮助记忆来促进人们的健康。此外，室内植物易于照料，也不昂贵。

什么是室内植物？

室内植物，也称居家植物或盆栽植物，是喜欢在室内生长的植物。这些物种中有许多并不特别适合在英国户外生长，尤其在冬天。（37）

室内植物对我们有什么好处？

在皇家植物园工作的威尔·斯波尔斯特拉说：“（38）。我发现冬季里，屋里的植物真的能提振你的情绪。”多项研究支持这一点，发现室内植物能提升创造力、注意力和记忆力。也有研究表明盆栽植物能通过去除二氧化碳等有害气体来净化周围空气。它们还能去除油漆或烹饪产生的一些有害化学物质。（39）

你能种哪些植物？

芦荟、和平百合和吊兰是一些易于室内种植的品种。你可以从超市、园艺中心或网上购买。幼苗通常比长成的便宜，而且你可以在它们成长过程中照料它们——这正是养植物的乐趣之一。“（40），”斯波尔斯特拉说，“它能给人们的生活带来新的兴趣和专注，并有助于建立家与自然的联系。”

【重点词汇 / 短语】

【长难句分析】

▶ 原句：Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home.

结构拆解：并列句；前分句含 as if 引导的表语从句（sit around, not doing much 为伴随状语）；后分句为主系表 they are the unsung heroes。

译文：室内植物看起来仿佛只是闲坐着无所事事，但在许多方面，它们是家中无名英雄。

▶ 原句：Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as they mature — which is part of the joy of owning plants.

结构拆解：and 并列句；后分句含 as 引导时间状语从句 + 破折号后 which 非限制性定语从句修饰前面整句。

译文：幼苗通常比长成的便宜，而且你可以在它们成长过程中照料它们——这正是养植物的乐趣之一。

【答案详解】

36. B　线索：固定搭配 not only…but (also)…。空后 but studies have shown that they can promote… 以 but 转折，前文须为让步/递进前件；B 项 Not only do they look beautiful 与 but 构成 not only…but (also)… 固定句型，且 look beautiful 反衬空前 just sit around not doing much，故选 B。

37. D　线索：逻辑转折 + 反义复现。空前 Many of these species are not ideally suited to growing outside…especially in the winter（不适合在英国户外、尤其冬天），D 项 Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer 中 Instead 转折，inside 对应 outside，warmer 对应 winter，故选 D。

38. C　线索：段落主旨概括。引号内 38 空后接 I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood，随后列出 improve creativity, focus, memory, clean the air 等多重好处；C 项 There are many benefits to growing plants indoors（室内养植益处多）总括后文 benefits，故选 C。

39. E　线索：指代 + 后文复现。空前讲盆栽能净化空气、去除有害化学物质，E 项 Plants like peace lilies and devil's ivy are among the best 承接“这些植物效果好”，且 peace lilies（和平百合）在后文 Which plants 段复现，故选 E。

40. G　线索：同义复现。引号内 40 空后 It can bring a new interest and focus into people's lives 中 new interest 与 G 项 Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding 中 rewarding（有回报）呼应；且前文 care for them as they mature 对应 learning requirements，故选 G。