26-27中考英语时文阅读 | 文学故事 | 试题精析

中考英语时文与文学故事阅读专项训练

（精选6篇·分级进阶·附答案与深度精析）

★ 试题体裁：文化时文 / 名著节选 / 纪实文学 / 奇幻童话 |  测试题型：阅读选择 / 概要填空 / 完形填空 / 语法填空

第一部分试题训练 (Reading Practice)

【Passage 1】百花文学奖与当代文学关怀  [体裁：时文报道·说明文]

The Baihua Literature Award is one of China's most influential prizes for popular fiction. It honours writers who connect art with ordinary readers and shows the great power of stories to move people of different ages and groups.

Founded in 1984, the award is held every two years. It combines readers' likes with experts' advice to choose the best works. These works can not only show the great social changes in China over the years but also be loved and accepted by most people from all walks of life.

Forty-five literary works were honoured at the 21st Baihua Literature Award. Cai Chongda won the short story award for his work Mingyun Manpaotuan, and there were nine other winners in this category. His work is warm and touching, which has moved many readers since it was published.

The book is about a man who returns to his hometown two years after his father's funeral. When he comes back home, he learns more touching stories about his father through his mother and a villager named Hei Chang. These new discoveries make him understand his father's deep love better and cherish the memory of his father more.

In his acceptance speech, Cai said that the trend of the times makes people leave their hometown and go to the unknown world. He also mentioned that the hometown is not just a piece of land, but every person who has touched our lives and brought us warmth. He hoped his writing could help those who feel homesick find their spiritual (精神的) home.

At the ceremony, 27 editors from famous journals, such as People's Literature, Harvest and October, were praised for their contributions (贡献). Besides, 30 readers who love literature very much also got the readers' award for their support for literary works.

1. Why is the Baihua Award influential, according to the passage?

A. It has a big ceremony every year. B. It has the longest history in China.

C. It mainly praises several famous writers. D. It cares about good writing and readers' needs.

2. Which of the following tells the story of Cai's book?

A. Paragraph Two. B. Paragraph Three.       C. Paragraph Four.        D. Paragraph Five.

3. What can we learn from Cai's words about "hometown" in Paragraph 5?

A. It is a physical place we can never return to.

B. It becomes less meaningful as time passes by.

C. It requires us to build spiritual homes for others.

D. It is about our emotional connections with others.

4. What is the writer's purpose in writing the passage?

A. To recommend a few interesting storybooks.

B. To introduce the Baihua Award and its value.

C. To ask more people to support literary works.

D. To express personal views on literature prizes.

【Passage 2】哈克贝利·费恩的秘密与冒险  [体裁：经典名著·记叙文]

The next day, Douglas washed the mud off my clothes. She didn't scold (责骂) me, but she looked so sad. I decided to try to be good for a while.

I called my father "Pap". No one had seen him for over a year. Then some people in St. Petersburg told me that they'd found my father's body in the river. They said the drowned (淹死的) man was just his size, with ragged clothes and long hair like Pap's. But they really couldn't recognise the face because the body had been in the water for so long. They buried the man on the riverbank. A few days later, though, I thought of something. So I decided the body must have been a woman, dressed up in men's clothes. After that, I was worried that my father would come back someday.

I still played games sometimes with Tom and the other boys, but I was getting bored with it. It was all pretending. On Saturday Tom told us that we were going to meet some rich merchants (商人) who had two hundred elephants, six hundred camels, and a thousand mules loaded with diamonds. But that was just a story he made up. Really we were just having a Sunday school picnic.

"I don't see any diamonds," I said to Tom.

"Why, Finn, they are all right in front of you," Tom answered. "And the elephants and camels too. Some magicians must have turned them into a Sunday school picnic before we got here." Then Tom told me how magicians use genies (精灵) to help them.

"Let's get some genies to come and help us," I said.

Tom explained that you have to rub a magic lamp to make a genie appear. Then the genie will do whatever you want. A few days later, I thought I would try it. I went out into the woods with an old lamp and I rubbed it and rubbed it…

— Adapted from The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn

1. Why did Finn decide to be good for a while?

A. To make Douglas not sad. B. To get praise from others.

C. To avoid being scolded. D. To find his father soon.

2. What was Finn's feeling for his father's news?

A. He forgot it soon. B. He doubted the news.

C. He accepted it quickly. D. He felt surprised about it.

3. What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 5 refer to?

A. Diamonds. B. Rich merchants.        C. Some magicians.        D. Elephants and camels.

4. What will probably be talked about next?

A. More about genies. B. A new game with Tom.

C. The writer's new home. D. How to find real diamonds.

【Passage 3】《朱自清大传》品读与学者风骨  [体裁：文化时文·人物传记评论]

On Thursday, a seminar (研讨会) on The Biography of Zhu Ziqing by Chen Wu was held. It was part of the Book Fair, offering attendees a good chance to learn about the famous writer's spiritual world.

Zhu Ziqing (1898—1948) was a famous essayist, poet, scholar and educator. He was also a great literary pioneer who helped develop China's modernism in the early 20th century.

This biography was published last year. It shows a full picture of Zhu's life, including his lifelong search for truth, his love for writing, and how he never gave up his studies.

At the event, author Chen shared his research experience with the audience. He collected nearly 100 precious photos, letters and handwritten pieces to prove historical records. He also looked into the little-known story of the Zhu family's surname, made clear Zhu's life path, and explored the unsettled background of Zhu's famous prose (散文), Moonlight Over the Lotus Pond.

This biography is arranged (安排) in time order and divided into different stages: Zhu's childhood in Jiangsu, his studies at Peking University, his teaching years in Zhejiang province, his academic life at Tsinghua University, his life at the National Southwestern Associated University during the war, and his return to Tsinghua later. Through these stages, people can know Zhu's life more clearly.

Li Er, chairman of the Writers Association, says that this biography is more than a common personal story. With its careful writing, the book brings back historical moments. It helps readers feel the changes of the times and understand the perseverance (坚韧) and courage of Chinese intellectuals (知识分子) in hard times. He also notes that the book makes people think about the past, gain strength from classic works and build greater cultural confidence.

1. What does the underlined word "attendees" in Paragraph 1 mean?

A. Readers of the book. B. Speakers at the book fair.

C. Writers of the biographies. D. People who were at the seminar.

2. Which of the following best describes the biography?

A. Famous. B. Detailed.              C. Short.                 D. Popular.

3. What does the passage suggest about the biography?

A. It is just a simple personal life story.

B. It is written by carrying out a survey.

C. It has special meaning beyond personal life.

D. It is mainly about Zhu's teaching experience.

4. What is the best title for the passage?

A. Chen Wu's research on Zhu Ziqing

B. One of Zhu Ziqing's famous proses

C. Zhu Ziqing's life and spiritual world

D. A seminar on Zhu Ziqing's biography

【Passage 4】《我在上海开出租》与市井人生  [体裁：纪实文学·任务型阅读]

阅读短文，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。

Recently published under the pen name Heitao, the non-fiction work My Experience Driving a Taxi in Shanghai tells many interesting and real taxi stories. It is written from an ordinary person's view and is fully based on the author's own true experiences while he was driving a taxi in the busy city. Every story in the book comes from his daily work, recording the little moments he shared with different passengers on the streets.

The book not only talks about taxi drivers' daily lives and working conditions—sitting in small cars, driving in bad weather or heavy traffic, and having to be polite to different passengers—but also shows a clear and vivid picture of the city's beautiful views and its long history. The stories are written in a lively and interesting way, with proper humour and short sentences, giving us an attractive description of this modern city.

This non-fiction work has been compared to the taxi version of Midnight Diner. Like the warm stories in Midnight Diner, the book is full of human warmth and new ideas. It can both interest readers and comfort their hearts after a long and tiring day.

Heitao has had many different jobs in his life, such as magazine editing, running a small shop, and driving a taxi. He said his taxi-driving experience was full of surprises—everything around him seemed interesting, and almost everyone he met looked kind and friendly. Although he meets some difficulties sometimes, he still accepts life's imperfections and believes the beauty of life lies in finding the balance between certainty and uncertainty.

【Passage 5】魔法城堡与未解之谜  [体裁：奇幻文学·完形填空]

通读短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

The children walked in a slow parade toward the castle. They were sure that they had stepped into a fairy tale.

At last they arrived in a large hall filled with wooden benches and tables. Suits of armour (盔甲) and old flags stood ___1___ the walls.

"Wait here," said the princess. "And don't talk while I'm gone. This castle is full of magic. I don't know what will happen if you ___2___."

Jimmy wanted to say that he didn't think anything would happen. But he didn't.

The princess ___3___, carrying a tray (托盘). "I could only find bread and cheese and water, but it doesn't matter. They'll turn into anything you like—unless you have some dreadful secret fault. What would you like to ___4___?"

"Roast chicken," said Kathleen. She watched as the princess ___5___ some bread and laid it on a plate.

"Green peas?" The princess cut a piece of cheese and laid it beside the bread. Then she handed the plate to Kathleen. The boys ___6___ roast beef and cabbage.

Kathleen cut the bread as if she were eating roast chicken. But it still looked and tasted like bread. She ___7___ what her secret fault was as she watched the boys eat their food.

"This is a game, isn't it?" said Jimmy. "Pretending we're eating roast beef."

"But it is ___8___. Look at it." The princess opened her eyes very wide.

"Of course," said Jimmy weakly. "I was just joking."

Everyone was very ___9___. They ate and drank and felt much better.

"Now if you're finished," said the princess, "I'll show you my ___10___."

They followed her down a long hall to some steps. Underneath the steps was a door hidden by a tapestry (挂毯).

"This door leads to my ___11___ apartments," said the princess.

She guided them through a dark corridor until they came to a room. The princess went in first and threw open the shutters (百叶窗), and the small domed room was filled with ___12___. Its blue ceiling was painted with gold stars. But the room was ___13___.

"Could you please tell us where the treasures are?" Kathleen asked ___14___.

"Don't you see them?" said the princess.

"No," said Jimmy. "And don't try ___15___ us again. There's nothing here."

"Then I guess I'll have to say the charm (咒语)," said the princess. "Close your eyes, please."

【Passage 6】绒布小兔的心路历程  [体裁：经典童话·语法填空]

阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

There was once a velveteen (棉绒) rabbit, and in the beginning he was really lovely. He was fat and round, just ___1___ a rabbit should be. On Christmas morning, he sat at the top of the Boy's stocking (长筒袜), and he looked very charming.

There were other things in the stocking, nuts and oranges and a toy engine, and two clockwork ___2___ (mouse), but the Rabbit was quite the best of all. For at least two hours, the Boy loved him, and then Aunts and Uncles came to dinner, and there were a lot of gift boxes, and in the excitement of ___3___ (see) all the new presents, the Velveteen Rabbit was forgotten.

For a long time, he lived in the toy cupboard or on the floor, and no one thought very much ___4___ him. He was naturally shy, and because he was only made of velveteen, some of the ___5___ (expensive) toys than the Rabbit often looked down on him.

The mechanical (机械的) toys were very proud and looked down upon everyone else. They were full of modern ideas, and they pretended ___6___ (be) real things. The model boat, who had lived through two years and lost most of his paint, learnt to talk like them and never missed ___7___ chance to talk about his rigging (索具) with technical words.

The Rabbit could not say he was a model of anything, for he did not know that real rabbits existed. He thought all rabbits were stuffed with sawdust (锯屑) like ___8___ (he), and he knew sawdust was quite out of date and should never be talked about among modern toys.

Even Timothy, the wooden lion, who ___9___ (make) by disabled soldiers and should have been more open-minded, acted ___10___ (proud) and pretended he had something to do with Government.

All of them made the poor little Rabbit feel very unimportant and ordinary.

— Adapted from The Velveteen Rabbit

1. ________________________        2. ________________________

3. ________________________        4. ________________________

5. ________________________        6. ________________________

7. ________________________        8. ________________________

9. ________________________       10. ________________________

第二部分参考答案与试题精析 (Answers & Analysis)

Passage 1 · 百花文学奖与当代文学关怀

【语篇导读】本文介绍了第二十一届百花文学奖的颁奖情况。本次共表彰45部作品，其中作家蔡崇达凭《命运慢跑团》荣获短篇小说奖。此外，27位优秀编辑获编辑奖，30位文学爱好者获读者奖。文章展现了该奖项关注大众读者、联结艺术与现实的文学价值。

【答案速查】1. D   2. C   3. D   4. B

【试题精析】

1. D [细节理解题] 根据第一段第二句“It honours writers who connect art with ordinary readers and shows the great power of stories to move people...”可知，百花文学奖关注高质量创作与普通读者的阅读需求，故选D。

2. C [段落大意题] 第四段首句“The book is about a man who returns to his hometown...”详细叙述了蔡崇达获奖作品《命运慢跑团》的故事情节与情感主线，故选C。

3. D [推理判断题] 根据第五段中蔡崇达获奖感言“...hometown is not just a piece of land, but every person who has touched our lives and brought us warmth.”可知，故乡更代表着人与人之间深厚的情感联系与精神羁绊，故选D。

4. B [主旨意图题] 通读全文可知，作者以获奖作家及作品为例，全面介绍了百花文学奖的创办宗旨、评选机制及连接艺术与读者的重要价值，故选B。

Passage 2 · 哈克贝利·费恩的秘密与冒险

【语篇导读】本文节选自马克·吐温经典名著《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》。Finn的父亲失踪一年多，河中发现一具男尸，Finn敏锐地察觉疑点并推测其不是父亲，依然担心父亲会突然出现。随后Tom编造了商人拥有大象、骆驼与钻石的奇幻故事，Finn在好奇驱使下尝试去树林里擦神灯召唤精灵。

【答案速查】1. A   2. B   3. A   4. A

【试题精析】

1. A [细节理解题] 根据第一段“She didn't scold me, but she looked so sad. I decided to try to be good for a while.”可知，Finn看到道格拉斯夫人十分伤心，为了不让她难过而决定做一阵子好孩子，故选A。

2. B [推理判断题] 根据第二段“...the body must have been a woman, dressed up in men's clothes. After that, I was worried that my father would come back someday.”可知，Finn对河中尸体是他父亲的传闻持怀疑态度，故选B。

3. A [代词指代题] 第三段提到Tom吹嘘商人带着两百头大象、六百只骆驼以及驮着钻石（loaded with diamonds）的骡子。第四段Finn说没看到钻石，第五段Tom回答“they are all right in front of you... And the elephants and camels too”，说明they指代前句提到的diamonds，故选A。

4. A [情节推断题] 最后一段描述Finn听了Tom关于摩擦神灯召唤精灵（genie）的说法后，带着旧油灯来到树林里反复擦拭。这为后续情节埋下伏笔，接下来最可能讲述关于召唤精灵的尝试与结果，故选A。

Passage 3 · 《朱自清大传》品读与学者风骨

【语篇导读】本文报道了陈武所著《朱自清大传》品读研讨会的举行。该书翔实展现了朱自清先生的求真探索、学术坚守与文学人生。作者搜集近百件珍贵史料，按时间脉络立体勾勒先生生平。北京作协主席李洱高度评价该书超越了寻常的个人生平叙事，让读者在感受时代变迁中体悟中国知识分子的坚韧与勇气，增强文化自信。

【答案速查】1. D   2. B   3. C   4. D

【试题精析】

1. D [词义猜测题] 第一段提到举行了关于《朱自清大传》的seminar（研讨会），为attendees（出席者、与会人员）提供了了解著名作家精神世界的良机，结合第四段的“audience”可知attendees指参加研讨会的人，故选D。

2. B [推理判断题] 第四段提到作者收集了近100张珍贵照片、书信和手稿，考证家族姓氏与经典名篇背景，第五段指出全书按时间顺序细分各个阶段，第六段提到“careful writing”。由此推知该传记内容翔实、细节丰富（detailed），故选B。

3. C [推理判断题] 最后一段李洱指出“this biography is more than a common personal story... helps readers feel the changes of the times and understand the perseverance and courage of Chinese intellectuals...”，说明这部传记具有超越个人生平的深远时代与文化意义，故选C。

4. D [主旨标题题] 文章开篇点明《朱自清大传》研讨会的举办，后文围绕该研讨会上呈现的传记研究历程、主要内容及与会专家的深层评价展开，因此“A seminar on Zhu Ziqing's biography”最符合全文主旨，故选D。

Passage 4 · 《我在上海开出租》与市井人生

【语篇导读】《我在上海开出租》是一部被誉为出租车版《深夜食堂》的非虚构文学作品。作者黑桃以普通人视角记录了自己开出租车时的日常见闻，在方寸车厢内展现百态人生、行业艰辛与城市变迁，文风生动幽默、充满人间烟火温情。

【答案速查】1. his own true experiences / his real working life   2. working conditions / conditions at work   3. human warmth / kindness and love   4. meets some difficulties sometimes / faces challenges in life

【试题精析】

1 [概要填空·事实细节] 根据第一段“...is fully based on the author's own true experiences while he was driving a taxi...”可知，此处填作者的真实亲身经历或出租车司机工作体验，如 his own true experiences / his real working life。

2 [概要填空·并列信息] 根据第二段首句“The book not only talks about taxi drivers' daily lives and working conditions... but also shows a clear and vivid picture...”可知，此处概括出租车司机的日常与工作环境状况，填 working conditions / conditions at work。

3 [概要填空·情感提炼] 根据第三段第二句“...the book is full of human warmth and new ideas. It can both interest readers and comfort their hearts...”可知，此处填 human warmth / warmth and love。

4 [概要填空·语义转换] 根据最后一段尾句“Although he meets some difficulties sometimes, he still accepts life's imperfections...”可知，此处填 meets some difficulties sometimes / faces some challenges / has some trouble 等（注意时态人称一致）。

Passage 5 · 魔法城堡与未解之谜

【语篇导读】本文讲述孩子们走进一座宛如童话般的城堡。自称公主的女孩端来普通的面包、奶酪和水，宣称有魔法能变成任何想要的美食。吃完后公主带领大家来到一间圆顶密室寻找宝藏，但房间空无一物。面对孩子们的质问，公主准备念咒语，故事留下充满想象力的悬念。

【答案速查】1. C   2. B   3. D   4. A   5. B   6. C   7. A   8. D   9. B   10. C   11. A   12. C   13. A   14. C   15. C

【试题精析】

1. C [介词辨析] 盔甲和旧旗帜靠墙立着，stand against the walls 意为“靠墙倚立/放置”，符合语境。

2. B [动词语境] 上文公主叮嘱“don't talk while I'm gone”，此处承接表示“如果你们说话（talk），我不知道会发生什么”。

3. D [动词衔接] 公主之前离开去准备食物，此处端着托盘“返回（returned）”。

4. A [动词逻辑] 根据上文食物变成美味的设定及下文孩子们报菜名“Roast chicken”，可知公主问他们想吃什么（eat）。

5. B [动作搭配] 公主切下（cut）一些面包放在盘子里，与后文“cut a piece of cheese”动作呼应。

6. C [动词短语] 上文女孩要烤鸡，男孩们则“要/请求（asked for）”烤牛肉和卷心菜。

7. A [心理描写] Kathleen吃的面包没有变出烤鸡味，她纳闷想弄清楚（wondered）自己到底有什么隐秘的缺点。

8. D [名词指代] Jimmy认为假装吃烤牛肉是个游戏，公主认真反驳“这就是烤牛肉（beef）”。

9. B [形容词语境] 根据下文“They ate and drank and felt much better”可知，大家当时非常饥饿（hungry）。

10. C [名词线索] 结合后文“where the treasures are”可知，公主要向他们展示她的宝藏（treasures）。

11. A [形容词修饰] 隐蔽在挂毯后面的暗门通往公主不对外的“私密/私人（private）”起居室。

12. C [语境理解] 公主猛地推开百叶窗，外面的阳光照进来，小圆顶房间充满了光芒（light）。

13. A [上下文反衬] 天花板画着金星，但房间里空无一物（empty），引出下文询问宝藏在哪里。

14. C [副词修饰] 根据句首礼貌用语“Could you please...”可知，Kathleen非常有礼貌地（politely）发问。

15. C [动词辨析] Jimmy见房里什么都没有，警告公主不要再试图愚弄/欺骗（fooling）他们，fool sb.意为“愚弄某人”。

Passage 6 · 绒布小兔的心路历程

【语篇导读】本文节选自经典童话《绒布小兔》（The Velveteen Rabbit）。讲述了一只棉绒小兔最初备受小男孩喜爱，但很快在新玩具的光环下被冷落遗忘。面对机械玩具和木雕狮子的傲慢与炫耀，材质普通的绒布小兔倍感卑微与失落，深刻揭示了成长中的孤独与对真正认同的渴望。

【答案速查】1. as   2. mice   3. seeing   4. about / of   5. more expensive   6. to be   7. a   8. himself   9. was made   10. proudly

【试题精析】

1. as [连词/固定句型] just as sb./sth. should be 意为“正如……该有的样子”，as引导方式状语从句。

2. mice [名词复数] mouse的复数形式为不规则变化 mice，由数词two修饰。

3. seeing [非谓语动词] 介词of后接动名词形式 seeing 作宾语。

4. about / of [固定短语] think much of / about sb. 意为“看重/关心/在意某人”。

5. more expensive [形容词比较级] 根据句中比较标志词 than the Rabbit 可知，需用比较级 more expensive 修饰 toys。

6. to be [非谓语动词] pretend to be sth. 意为“假装是/自命为……”，固定搭配。

7. a [冠词用法] never miss a chance to do sth. 意为“从不错过做某事的机会”，chance为可数名词单数，以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。

8. himself [代词反身代词] 小兔子以为所有的兔子都像它自己（himself）一样塞满锯屑，作宾语指代主语。

9. was made [动词时态与语态] 主语Timothy与make之间为被动关系，且发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态 was made。

10. proudly [词性转换] 修饰动词acted需用副词形式 proudly（骄傲地/傲慢地）。

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