Reading
Reading Section
In the Reading section, you will answer 35-48 questions to demonstrate how well you understand academic and non-academic texts in English, There are three types of tasks.
Module 1
The clock will show you how much time you have to complete Module 1.
You can use Next and Back to move to the next question or return to previous questions within the same module.
You WILL NOT be able to return to Module 1 once you have begun Module 2.
Module 1
Fill in the missing letters in the paragraph
Questions 1-10 of 35
Early civilizations, including those in Mesopotamia, Egypt, the Indus Valley, and China, emerged around river valleys, where fertile land and water resources supported agriculture. The_ _ developed sophis_ _ _ _ _ _ _ social struc_ _ _ _ _, written lang_ _ _ _ _ , and adva_ _ _ _ technologies, wh_ _ _ allowed th_ _ to thr_ _ _and esta_ _ _ _ _ cities, tr_ _ _ networks, and even empires. Just as important were their significant contributions to fields like art, science, and law. These developments were crucial in shaping the course of human history.
Questions 11-12
Read a notice.
This is to let all employees know that the staff meeting scheduled for Wednesday, August 10th at 2:00 PM has been rescheduled. The meeting will now take place on Friday, August 12th at 3:00 PM in the main conference room. Please be on time. Thank you.
11
What is the main purpose of the notice?
To introduce new employees to staff
To announce a change in a meeting schedule
To apologize for a scheduling conflict
To inform employees of a conference opportunity
12
When will the staff meeting take place?
Wednesday, August 10th at 2:00 PM
Wednesday, August 10th at 3:00 PM
Friday, August 12th at 2:00 PM
Friday, August 12th at 3:00 PM
13-15
Read an email.
13
What can be inferred about Mr. Santiago?
He is about to celebrate his birthday.
He has used Rebecca Yang's facility in the past.
He is a professional event organizer.
He has requested information about Rebecca Yang's facility.
14
Rebecca Yang's team does NOT include
Cooks
Professional photographers
People who can facilitate children's games
People who can set up picnic tables
15
What information is being provided along with the email message?
Food choices
Types of arts and crafts activities
Dates available for booking
Contact information of photographers
16-20
The Effects of Urbanization on Bird Populations
Urbanization has had a profound impact on bird populations worldwide. As cities expand, natural habitats are replaced with buildings, roads, and other infrastructure. This leads to a significant reduction in the availability of nesting sites and food sources for birds.
Some species, such as pigeons and sparrows, have adapted well to urban environments, taking advantage of the new resources and structures. However, many other species struggle to survive in these altered landscapes. Therefore, it is imperative to find solutions that help birds adapt to city life. One notable effect of urbanization is the change in bird song. Birds living in cities often sing at higher pitches and volumes than their rural counterparts. This adaptation helps them communicate over the noise of traffic and human activity. Additionally, the artificial lighting in cities can disrupt the natural circadian (daily time-related) rhythms of birds, affecting their breeding and feeding behaviors.
Conservationists are working to mitigate the negative effects of urbanization on birds. Initiatives such as creating urban green spaces, constructing bird-friendly buildings, and reducing light pollution are being implemented. These efforts aim to create a more hospitable environment for birds, allowing them to coexist with humans in urban settings.
16
The word “mitigate” in the passage is closest in meaning to
understand
analyze
communicate
reduce
17
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an effect of urbanization on birds in the passage?
Reduced availability of nesting sites
Changes in bird song
Increased food sources
Disrupted circadian rhythms
18
Why does the author mention pigeons and sparrows?
To identify birds that struggle to survive in urban environments
To give examples of birds that have adjusted to living in urban settings
To highlight the diversity of urban bird species
To suggest that all birds can adapt to cities
19
What is one initiative mentioned in the passage to help birds in urban areas?
Introducing new bird species to urban areas
Providing human - made food sources to birds
Creating urban green spaces
Decreasing the amount of noise made by traffic
20
What can be inferred about the impact artificial lighting in cities has on birds?
It disrupts the natural behaviors of birds.
It allows birds to find food at night.
It helps birds to adapt to urban environments.
It increases the population of urban birds.
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