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中考英语语法大全小课堂(第十讲):连词——并列连词and/but/or/so、从属连词because/if/when
欢迎来到「中考英语语法小课堂」的第十讲!
前九讲我们讲了名词、代词、冠词、数词、介词五大板块,没看过的同学可以点击文末合集标签回看。
今天进入第十讲——连词。
连词是英语里的“胶水”——把单词和单词、短语和短语、句子和句子粘在一起,表达它们之间的逻辑关系。比如中文里的“和、但是、因为、如果”……这些词在英语里,就是连词。
连词是中考英语的必考点,尤其在完形填空和语法填空中几乎年年出现。今天一次性讲清楚。
一、连词是什么?
连词(Conjunction),是用来连接词、短语或句子的词。
作用:表明前后两部分之间的逻辑关系——是并列、转折、因果,还是条件、时间等。
连词的两大家族:
- 并列连词
:连接并列成分(地位平等) - 从属连词
:连接主句和从句(地位不等)
二、并列连词:连接“平等”的成分
并列连词连接的是地位相同的词、短语或句子。
四大核心并列连词(中考必考!)
| and | I got up late and missed the bus. | ||
| but | He is tired, but he keeps working. | ||
| or | Is it a boy or a girl? Hurry up, or you‘ll be late.(否则) | ||
| so | It rained, so we stayed home. |
⚠️ 并列连词两大禁忌(中考必考!)
禁忌一:because 和 so 不能同时用!
中文可以说“因为……所以……”,英语不行。
❌ Because it rained, so we stayed home. ✅ Because it rained, we stayed home. 或 It rained, so we stayed home.
禁忌二:although 和 but 不能同时用!
中文可以说“虽然……但是……”,英语不行。
❌ Although he is tired, but he keeps working. ✅ Although he is tired, he keeps working. 或 He is tired, but he keeps working.
并列连词短语
| both...and... | ||
| either...or... | 就近原则 | |
| neither...nor... | 就近原则 | |
| not only...but also... | 就近原则 |
💡 就近原则:谓语动词由离它最近的代词/名词决定。
- Either you or heis wrong.
(离谓语最近的是he→is) - Neither I nor heis right.
(离谓语最近的是he→is)
三、从属连词:连接“主句”和“从句”
从属连词引导状语从句,连接主句和从句,表明两个句子之间的逻辑关系。
1. 时间状语从句
| when | I was reading when he came in. | |
| while | I was reading while he was sleeping. | |
| before | Turn off the lights before you leave. | |
| after | I went home after school was over. | |
| until | I waited until he came back. | |
| as soon as | I’ll call you as soon as I arrive. | |
| since | I have lived here since I was born. |
2. 条件状语从句
| if | We will go if it doesn‘t rain. | |
| unless | I won’t go unless you come. | |
| as long as | You can go out as long as you finish your homework. |
3. 原因状语从句
| because | I stayed home because it rained. | |
| since | Since you‘re here, let’s start. | |
| as | He didn‘t come as he was busy. |
💡 注意:回答 Why 开头的问句,只能用 because。
4. 结果状语从句
| so...that | He is so young that he can’t go to school. | |
| such...that | She is such a kind girl that everyone likes her. |
💡 so...that vs. such...that 的区别:
- so + 形容词/副词 + that
:so beautiful that... - such + 名词短语 + that
:such a beautiful girl that...
5. 让步状语从句
| although / though | Although he is tired, he keeps working. | |
| even if / even though | I will go even if it rains. |
6. 目的状语从句
| so that | Speak loudly so that everyone can hear. | |
| in order that | She saved money in order that she could buy a car. |
四、从属连词的三大考点
考点一:主将从现
在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,主句用将来时,从句用一般现在时表将来。
- I will tell him when he comes.
(不用 will come) - If it rains tomorrow, we will stay home.
(不用 will rain)
考点二:because 和 so 不同时用
(见上文并列连词禁忌一)
考点三:although/though 和 but 不同时用
(见上文并列连词禁忌二)
五、一张表总结核心连词
| 并列连词 | ||
| 并列连词短语 | ||
| 时间 | ||
| 条件 | ||
| 原因 | ||
| 结果 | ||
| 让步 | ||
| 目的 |
📌 考点速记(本讲精华)
- 并列连词四大金刚
:and(和)、but(但是)、or(否则)、so(所以)。 - 禁忌
:because 和 so 不同时用;although 和 but 不同时用。 - 并列连词短语的就近原则
:either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but also... 谓语看最近的主语。 - 主将从现
:when/if/as soon as 引导的从句中,用一般现在时表将来。 - so...that vs. such...that
:so + 形/副;such + 名词短语。

💬 互动时间
评论区回答我两个问题:
- ______ he was tired, ______ he kept working.
(填 although / but) - I will tell him the news ______ he comes back.
(填 when / if)
答案和解析我会在评论区置顶回复。
明天预告:第十一讲——形容词与副词,明天早上8:00,不见不散!
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