as引导的定语从句位置灵活,可前置、可后置,语义不变①句首(最常用、作文万能句):As is known to us all, light travels faster than sound.②句末(进阶用法):Light travels faster than sound, as is known to us all.
二、中考重难点:as vs which定语从句辨析
这是中考单选题最高频陷阱,只需记住一组核心区别,满分秒杀
关系代词
位置规则
语义
中考正误示例
as
可放句首、句中、句末
正如、众所周知(固定认知、普遍事实)
✅ As we expected, he won the game.(正确)
which
只能放句末,绝对不能放句首
这一点、这件事(指代具体发生的事)
❌ Which he won the game is true.(错误)
✅ He won the game, which surprised us.(正确)
🔥秒杀口诀:句首选as,句末可as可which;表“正如”只选as
三、完整体系:as引导的两类定语从句(中考全覆盖)
很多同学只会非限制性,丢分全因为不懂as限制性定语从句!中考as定语从句分两类,全部必考:
1.非限制性定语从句(已学:万能句型、作文、辨析题)
核心特征:无先行词名词,指代整句话,表“正如、众所周知”,位置灵活(句首/句中/句末),对应前文As is known to us all所有用法。
2.限制性定语从句(中考单选必考陷阱)
核心特征:前面有具体名词(先行词),必须满足固定搭配,只能用as,不能用which/that。核心重难点辨析(中考超级易错):as 引导定语从句 VS as 引导比较/方式状语从句终极判断标准(做题秒判):1.as是关系代词,在从句中充当主语/宾语、前面有名词先行词=定语从句2.as是连词/副词,不充当从句主宾成分、无名词先行词=比较/方式状语从句四大常考结构精准区分(修正旧版误区)1. such+名词+as …【✅限制性定语从句】as为关系代词,指代前面名词,在从句中作主语/宾语,修饰先行词。例句:I like such books as interest teenagers.解析:as指代 books,在从句中作主语 →定语从句对比状语从句(易混):I am such a good student as you are.解析:as为比较连词,不充当主宾,表比较 →比较状语从句2. the same+名词+as …【✅限制性定语从句】as为关系代词,在从句中作主宾,表“同类不同物”。例句:This is the same bag as you bought yesterday.解析:as指代bag,作bought的宾语 → 定语从句配套辨析:the same…that 表“同一实物”例句:This is the same bag that I lost.(这就是我丢的那个包)易错提醒:the same+年龄/身高+as为状语从句例句:He is the same age as you (are).(从句可省略动词,表比较→ 状语从句)3. so+形容词/副词+as …【❌绝大多数为比较状语从句】常规结构(中考99%考题):so+adj./adv.+as,无名词先行词,as为比较连词,不做主宾,多用于否定not so…as。例句:He is not so tall as his brother.(他不如他哥哥高 → 比较状语从句)唯一特例(中考极少考定语从句):so+adj.+a/an+单数名词+as例句:It is so interesting a book as everyone likes.解析:有名词先行词book,as作like的宾语 → 定语从句极简记忆:so…as 无名词是状语从句,带单数名词才是定语从句4. all/everything + as …【❌不能一概而论,看成分定句型】情况A:as 作从句主语/宾语,有先行词 →定语从句例句:Take all as is useful.(as指代all,作从句主语 → 定语从句)情况B:as翻译“按照、如同”,不作主宾,表方式 →方式状语从句例句:Do everything as I told you.(按照我说的做 → 状语从句)中考秒杀判定口诀(直接背、做题通用)•such…as、the same…as,从句as做主宾,必是定语从句•so+形/副+as无名词,否定比较句式,定是状语从句•all/everything配as,做主宾定从,表方式状从•as指代整句话、位置灵活,是非限制性定语从句易混结构对比汇总表
结构
从句类型
核心判断关键点
such+名词+as
限制性定语从句
as作主/宾,有名词先行词
the same+名词+as
限制性定语从句
as作主/宾,表同类不同物
so+adj./adv.+as
比较状语从句
as不作主宾,无名词先行词,多为否定句
all/everything+as
视成分而定
做主宾=定从;表按照/方式=状从
专项小练习(快速判断从句类型)1. Such people as work hard will succeed.(✅定语从句,as作主语)2. He is not so clever as you.(❌比较状语从句)3. Do as I say.(❌方式状语从句)4. I have the same watch as you have.(✅定语从句,as作宾语)中考真题例句:① I havethe samepenasyou have. 我有一支和你一样的钢笔。② We don’t havesuchbooksasyou need. 我们没有你需要的这类书。核心考点:出现such / the same / so / all,定语从句关系词优先选as3.重点辨析:the same…as vs the same…that•the same…as:同类不同物(相似、一样的款式)•the same…that:同一物(就是那一个)例句:This is the same bagasmine.(和我的包同款,不是同一个)所有句型均为中考高频考点,涵盖语法填空、单选、句型改写、书面表达四大题型,可直接背诵套用。
1.经典固定句型
•As is known to us all众所周知•As we all know众所周知(更口语、作文百搭)•As is reported据报道•As is expected正如所预料的•As usual像往常一样(极简必考短语)
2.同义句型转换(中考句型改写原题)
原句:As is known to us all, reading is important.转换1(it形式主语):It is known to us all thatreading is important.转换2(what主语从句):What is known to us all is thatreading is important.💡考点:三种句式可自由互换,是中考句型改写、语法填空高频考法
四、中考真题模拟(全覆盖:限制性+非限制性)
基础题(单选:非限制性定语从句)
1. ______ is known to us all, the earth is round.A. Which B. As C. That D. What答案:B解析:句子位于句首,引导非限制性定语从句,表“众所周知”,只能用as;which不可放句首。2. He passed the exam, ______ we expected.A. which B. as C. it D. that答案:B解析:as we expected 为固定搭配,表“正如我们预料的”,是固定考点。
进阶题(单选:限制性定语从句,高频易错)
3. We have never seen ______ a beautiful park ______ this one.A. so; that B. such; as C. such; that D. so; as答案:B解析:such + 名词短语 + as 固定搭配,引导限制性定语从句,修饰park,选as。4. This is not ______ book ______ I lost yesterday.A. the same; as B. same; that C. the same; that D. same; as答案:A解析:the same…as 固定搭配,表“和……一样的”,为中考必考句式。
提升题(句型转换)
原题:As is known to us all, exercise keeps us healthy.(改为it形式主语)答案:It is known to us all that exercise keeps us healthy.
五、易错点总结(中考避坑清单)
•❌错误:Which is known to us all...(which不能引导句首定语从句)•❌错误:As we all know it.(as已经指代整句,多余it,成分重复)•✅正确:As we all know, ...(无多余代词)•核心:as在从句中必须充当成分(主语/宾语),是关系代词,不是连词
六、满分作文万能句(直接套用)
1. As is known to us all, perseverance is the key to success.众所周知,坚持是成功的关键。2. As we all know, reading can broaden our horizons.众所周知,读书可以开阔我们的视野。仁爱英语课本定语从句不提及关系词as的原因仁爱版(科普版)九年级只讲授中考要求基础定语从句:that / which / who / whom / whose / when / where / why,as不作为初中课本正式语法点,核心是课标、中考、学情、语法属性四个因素共同决定。一、课程标准与中考考纲不做要求中考定语从句只考察基础限制性定语从句。1.as引导定语从句(such…as、the same…as、As we all know这类非限制性)属于高中语法考点,纳入高中必修学习内容,中考一般不直接命题考察。2.仁爱教材严格对标义务教育课标,超纲语法不在教材语法板块展开,避免给初三学生增加过重负担。注意:阅读里偶尔会碰到as we all know这类固定句式,但只当作固定短语认读,不当作“关系代词as引导定语从句”来讲授语法原理。二、as本身语法身份特殊(准关系代词)传统语法把 as 归为关系代词;现代语法认为它本质是连词,属于比较分句,并不是纯粹的关系代词。1.普通关系代词that/which/who:紧跟先行词,只能修饰前面名词。2.as很特殊:①可以修饰整个主句,还可以放在句首(普通定语从句关系词做不到):As we all know, practice makes perfect.②大多绑定固定搭配:such…as,the same…as;还要区分the same…as(同类)和the same…that(同一个),极易混淆。③还要区分such…as(定语从句)和such…that(结果状语从句),是高中一大易错难点。如果初中课本直接引入as,学生很容易把as/that/which彻底搞混,会干扰基础定语从句的掌握。三、教材编排逻辑:分层递进仁爱版九年级的定语从句教学目标:搞懂:找先行词→判断人/物→看从句缺什么成分,会选that/which/who/whose。先建立最核心、最常用的定语从句思维;as放到高中再系统学,这是国内绝大多数初中英语教材的通用处理方式(译林版也只是部分资料拓展,课本正文不做核心语法)。四、一线教学实操建议(九年级教学)1.课内:严格按课本,不把 as 当作定语从句关系代词来讲,避免扰乱基础框架。2.优生拓展(提分):可以做课外阅读补充,只讲两点: ① the same…as、such…as固定搭配; ② As we all know等固定句型,只要求识别、读懂,不深挖 as/which辨析。3.明确告诉学生:as引导定语从句是高中重点,中考一般不考填空选择。简单对比小结