
青岛中考英语|短文填空(语法填空)实战解析
语法填空(短文填空)是青岛中考英语必考题型,一共10个空,要求填入一个适当单词,或者把括号内单词变换成正确形式。
这道题整体难度不高,是冲刺高分同学务必拿满分的题型。很多同学做题只靠语感,很容易在细节丢分。做好语法填空核心两点:精读读懂全文 + 判断句子成分、确定空格所需词性。
空格分为两类:
✅ 给提示词(括号里有单词):多为实词,考察变形:名词单复数、形容词副词转换、动词时态/语态/非谓语、代词变形;
✅ 不给提示词(纯空格):考察虚词:介词、连词、冠词等。
下面我们就用这篇真题《How Technology Helps Emperor Penguins》,带大家完整实战演练。
真题原文+中文对照翻译
How Technology Helps Emperor Penguins
科技如何帮助帝企鹅
With the development of science and technology, we have learned a lot about animals.
随着科技的发展,我们对动物有了很多了解。
Emperor penguins can grow up to 1.2 meters tall, and they are the 26.____ (large) of all the penguin kinds.
帝企鹅可以长到1.2米高,它们是所有企鹅种类当中体型最大的。
In 2022, they were listed as endangered animals because the Antarctic sea ice that they live 27.____ is becoming smaller and smaller.
2022年,它们被列为濒危动物,因为它们赖以生存的南极海冰正在变得越来越少。
Now scientists are using high technology to follow them and learn more about how 28.____ (protect) them.
现在科学家使用高科技追踪它们,进一步了解如何保护它们。
One of the 29.____ (way) researchers are able to do this is by looking at pictures taken by satellites above the Earth.
研究人员能够做到这件事的方法之一,就是观看地球上空卫星拍摄的照片。
Large groups of emperor penguins can be seen from space.
从太空可以看到一大群一大群的帝企鹅。
When scientists first started using satellites to look at the penguins, there were only 28 groups.
科学家最初使用卫星观测企鹅的时候,只发现28个企鹅种群。
So far, scientists 30.____ (discover) 66 groups.
到目前为止,科学家已经发现了66个种群。
Even using satellites, it is so difficult to count how many penguins live in different groups.
即便是使用卫星,想要统计不同种群里企鹅的数量依旧十分困难。
Scientists can improve population estimates (估计) by watching the area’s weather 31.____ (careful).
科学家可以通过仔细观测该区域的天气,完善种群数量预估。
Measuring the wind speed and temperature can help predict if the penguins gather closely together or spread apart across the ice.
测量风速和温度有助于预测企鹅是紧紧聚集在一起,还是在冰面上分散开来。
If scientists know 32.____ the weather was like when the pictures were taken, they can estimate how many penguins are pictured.
如果科学家知道拍摄照片时天气是什么样子,就能够估算出照片里企鹅的数量。
Scientists can also watch penguins’ movements by giving 33.____ (they) special electronic tags.
科学家还可以给企鹅佩戴特殊的电子标签,以此观测企鹅的活动。
A scanner 34.____ (carry) by a robot, and it can read information on the tags.
机器人搭载一台扫描仪,扫描仪可以读取标签上的信息。
The robot also uses AI to recognize the penguins. It moves very slowly so that it doesn’t make the birds stressed.
机器人还使用人工智能识别企鹅。它移动速度很慢,避免让企鹅产生应激反应。
Daniel, one of the penguin researchers, hopes the technology 35.____ (lead) us to a “golden age of research”.
企鹅研究员之一丹尼尔希望这项技术将会带领我们进入“研究的黄金时代”。
Thanks to technology, we are seeing more things that no one has ever seen before.
多亏科技的助力,我们得以看见许多前人从未见过的景象。
逐题实战拆解(区分「给词」和「不给词」)
📝 括号给提示词(实词变形)
26. (large) → largest
句意:在所有企鹅种类之中。 of all 表示大范围比较,要用形容词最高级。
28. (protect) → to protect
固定结构 how to do sth 如何做某事,疑问词+不定式。
29. (way) → ways
one of + 可数名词复数 ,表示“……之一”,way变复数ways。
30. (discover) → have discovered
看到时间标志词 so far (到目前为止),用现在完成时。
31. (careful) → carefully
修饰动词watching,修饰动词要用副词,careful形容词变副词carefully。
33. (they) → them
动词give后面接人称代词宾格作宾语,they主格变宾格them。
34. (carry) → is carried
扫描仪scanner是“被机器人携带”,是被动关系;陈述客观事实用一般现在时的被动语态。
35. (lead) → will lead
hope后面接宾语从句,表达对未来的期许,用一般将来时will lead。
📝 无提示词空格(填虚词)
27. 填 on
定语从句,先行词sea ice;固定搭配 live on the sea ice 生活在海冰之上,缺少介词on。
32. 填 what
宾语从句,固定句型 what the weather was like 天气是什么样子,what在从句中作like的宾语。
✅完整参考答案:
26. largest 27. on 28. to protect 29. ways 30. have discovered
31. carefully 32. what 33. them 34. is carried 35. will lead
结合真题总结考场做题步骤

1. 先通读全文:不要上来就做题。读懂整篇讲“科技帮助研究帝企鹅”,把握文章背景,再动笔填空。很多同学语法填对,但不符合文章语境,就是跳过精读。
2. 看空格类型
- 有括号单词:判断句子需要什么词性。动词盯时态、语态、非谓语;名词看单复数;形容词副词看修饰对象;代词区分主宾格。
- 无括号单词:优先思考介词、连词、冠词,分析固定搭配、从句引导词。
3. 回填检查:填完把答案放回原句读一遍,检查语法通顺、语义贴合整篇文章。
语法填空不是死背语法,是阅读理解+句子成分分析结合。这道题难度适中,是中考英语的拿分大户,同学们要争取拿到满分。
通读知文意,给词看变形;
无空找虚词,回读验通顺。
你做语法填空经常在哪一类题型丢分?欢迎评论区留言交流。
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