八上Unit2 每日单词精讲3|中考考点|词形转换+易混辨析

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八上Unit2 每日单词精讲3|中考考点|词形转换+易混辨析
📖新人教版英语八上Unit2 Home sweet home 中考核心单词精讲
对标中考,汇总音标、短语、变形、易混词、例题
文件整洁,🉑直接打印背诵、听写自测
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今日词汇:
pull~plate
1. pull /pʊl/ v. & n. 拉;拖;拽
📌词形转换
pulled(过去式/过去分词)、pulling(现在分词);puller n. 牵引器
✅核心短语
① pull down 拆毁;拉倒
② pull out 拔出;驶出
③ pull up (车辆)停下;拔起
④pull over (车辆)靠边停车(完形常考交通场景)
⑤pull together 齐心协力,通力合作(写作加分短语)
⚠️易混辨析:pull / push
pull:向内、向自己拉
push:向外、向前推(七上学过基础词汇)
📝例句:Pull the box into the bedroom and clean it up.
2. luggage /ˈlʌɡɪdʒ/ n. 行李
📌变形:不可数名词,无复数
等量量词:a piece of luggage 一件行李;two pieces of luggage 两件行李
✅搭配
carry luggage 搬运行李;pack up luggage 打包行李
3. ah /ɑː/ interj. 啊(惊喜、惊奇感叹)
✅用法:多用于句首,抒发情绪
例句:Ah! The treasure hunt game is so interesting.
4. share /ʃeə(r)/ v. 分享; n. 份额
📌词形转换
shared(过去式)、sharing
✅课本原短语:share sth with sb 把某物与某人分享
拓展:share in sth 分摊、共享(快乐/痛苦)
📝例句:I share my biscuits with my neighbours in the community.
5. mm (=mmm) /m/ interj. 嗯(赞同、喜爱食物)
使用场景:口语对话听力题常出现,表认可、满意
📝例句:Mm, the biscuit tastes good.
6. familiar /fəˈmɪliə(r)/ adj. 熟悉的
📌词形转换
familiarly adv. 熟悉地;familiarity n. 通晓
✅必考固定搭配
① sb be familiar with sth 某人熟悉某物(人作主语)
② sth be familiar to sb 某物为某人所熟知(物作主语)
⚠️易混固定句式介词区分(中考高频考点)
with → 人主动熟悉;to → 事物被人熟知
📝例句:I am familiar with the community roads. = The roads are familiar to me.
7. joke /dʒəʊk/ n. 笑话 v. 开玩笑
📌词形转换
复数jokes;joked(过去式);joker n. 爱开玩笑的人
✅短语
tell a joke / tell jokes 讲笑话
play a joke on sb 捉弄某人、开某人玩笑
joke about sth 拿某事开玩笑
⚠️易混辨析:joke / fun
joke 具体的笑话、打趣行为(可数)
fun 抽象的乐趣(不可数,have fun)
❌失分坑
“讲笑话”动词固定用tell,不用say/speak;play a joke 介词固定on
📝例句:He told us a funny joke after cleaning up rubbish.
8. several /ˈsevrəl/ pron. 几个;一些
✅用法:加可数名词复数 = a few(七旧知)
several days 几天;several students 几名学生
⚠️易混辨析:several / some / a few
several:数量不多,明确的数个(3~7个左右)➕可名复
some:泛指一些,➕可名复/不可名
a few:侧重还有一点➕可名复
9. nod /nɒd/ v. & n. 点头
📌词形变形(重读闭音节双写d
过去式/过去分词:nodded;现在分词:nodding
复数名词:nods
✅短语
nod to/at sb 向某人点头
nod in agreement 点头表示同意(agree→agreement 名词,同意)
nod one’s head 点头
❌失分坑
变形必须双写d:nodded
📝例句:She nodded when I asked if she needed a lift.
10. writer /ˈraɪtə(r)/ n. 作者
📌词形转换词根链(中考词性转换必考)
write v. 写 → wrote(过去式) → written(过去分词) → writer n. 作者
✅搭配
a famous writer 知名作家
⚠️易混辨析:writer / author
writer 普通写手、作者(初中只考这个)
author /ˈɔːθər/多指书籍原著作者(阅读拓展认知即可)
📝例句:This writer wrote lots of articles about home life.
11. text /tekst/ n. 正文;文本 v.(手机)给某人发短信
✅短语
text message 短信
text sb = send a text to sb 给某人发短信
⚠️易混辨析:text / message
text 侧重手机短信、书面正文
message 泛指口信、留言、消息
❌失分坑
动词用法text sb 是及物动词;不要混淆text(短信)与test(测试)拼写
📝例句:I text my friend to join our treasure hunt game.
12. describe /dɪˈskraɪb/ v. 描述;形容
📌词形转换
description n. 描述(名词必考变形);described adj. 被描述的
✅固定搭配:describe sth to sb 向某人描述某物
📝例句:Can you describe your bedroom to me?
13. wherever /weəˈevə(r)/ adv.&conj. 无论去哪里;在任何地方
✅拆解:where + ever;同类-ever词汇汇总(中考常考)
whatever 无论什么;whoever无论谁;whenever无论何时
✅用法:引导让步状语从句:no matter where=wherever
引导状语从句两种通用,放句首“无论哪里”
📝例句:
Wherever you go, you can take notes.
=No matter where you go, you can take notes.无论去哪,你都可以记笔记。
14. matter /ˈmætə(r)/ v. 要紧 n. 问题
✅两大考点用法
① n. 问题:What’s the matter? = What’s wrong? 怎么了?
② v. 要紧、有重大影响:It doesn’t matter. 没关系(情景交际常考)
(课本短语no matter 不论;不要紧)
拓展短语:no matter + 疑问词(no matter where/who/when)无论…
同13知识点相同
15. perhaps /pəˈhæps/ adv. 也许;可能
✅同义替换:maybe,perhaps书面语气更强
位置:可放句首、句中
📝例句:Perhaps he will share his new story with us.
16. plate /pleɪt/ n. 盘子;碟子
📌复数:plates
✅短语
a plate of biscuits 一盘饼干
paper plate 纸盘子
on the plate 在盘子里
📝例句:Put the biscuits on the plate in the living room.
📖今日复盘·极简背诵清单
1. pull拉 ↔ push推;luggage不可数,a piece of luggage
2. share sth with sb 和某人分享某物
3. 固定句式:sb be familiar with sth / sth be familiar to sb
4. tell jokes讲笑话;play a joke on sb 捉弄某人
5. several + 可数名词复数;nod点头,变形nodded(双写d)
6. write→writer作者;text sb 给某人发短信
7. describe v.描述 → description n.描述
8.引导状语从句俩通用,放句首
wherever = no matter where;no matter 不论
9. It doesn’t matter. 没关系
10. plate 盘子,a plate of biscuits 一盘饼干
✍今日单词配套中考题型小练习
一、词形填空(用所给词正确形式)
1. He ________ (nod) to me just now.
2. The famous ________ (write) lives in our community.
3. Can you ________ (describe) your balcony for me?
4. It ________ (not matter) if you are a little late.
5. I am ________ (familiar) ________(to/with) this street.
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