本模块为2025年医学考博英语真题精讲，医学考博英语共五种题型：听力、词汇、完形填空、阅读理解、翻译与写作。整套真题精讲计划用时17天，本次是词汇部分，计划用时四天，今天是第一天。
题量及分值
词汇部分主要考查考生对英语词汇及短语的理解和应用能力。按照考试大纲，该题型分为Section A、Section B两部分：Section A题干给出一处空格，考生需从四个选项选出最佳答案，确保语法正确、逻辑通顺、语义完整；Section B对题干中的单词或短语做下划线标记，要求选出语义相同或相近的选项。词汇部分共 20 题，每题 0.5 分。Section A 设有 10 题，共 5 分。Section B 设有 10 题，共 5 分。该部分所需要考试时间约为 10 分钟。
词汇部分计划
Section A和Section B两部分总计二十道题目，计划分四天完成，每天精讲五道题目，后附答案解析、解题技巧及每日高频词汇、词根词缀积累。今天是词汇精讲第一天，接下来请回答下面五道题。
1. The areas, called "plaques", gradually thicken and harden with fibrous material, cells, and other deposits, restricting the opening of the vessel and reducing blood flow in the tissues, a condition known as .
A. ischemia
B. anemia
C. anorexia
D. dyspnea
2. The obesity epidemic began in the 1980s, and many people it to increased portion sizes and inactivity, but that can't be everything.
A. adapt
B. attribute
C. allocate
D. alternate
3. , there are no vaccines for STDs caused by bacteria; therefore, preventing transmission becomes all the more important.
A. Surprisingly
B. Unexpectedly
C. Unfortunately
D. Luckily
4. In the nose, the cells responsible for sensing odor molecules in the air and transmitting signals to the brain are called .
A. receptor cells
B. olfactory bulbs
C. cilia
D. neurons
5. Recently, some think that interferon used with antiviral agents may shorten the of disease.
A. course
B. distance
C. duration
D. symptom
答案速查：1. A 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. C
题目精讲
1. The areas, called "plaques", gradually thicken and harden with fibrous material, cells, and other deposits, restricting the opening of the vessel and reducing blood flow in the tissues, a condition known as .
A. ischemia
B. anemia
C. anorexia
D. dyspnea
【译文】这些被称为“斑块”的区域，因纤维物质、细胞以及其他沉积物而逐渐增厚、变硬，从而限制血管开口、减少组织内的血流量，这一状况被称为缺血。
【解析】ischemia 缺血; anemia 贫血，指血液中红细胞或血红蛋白不足，和血管斑块无关; anorexia 厌食症; dyspnea 呼吸困难。根据句意，该症状与缺血更相符,故选 A。
2. The obesity epidemic began in the 1980s, and many people it to increased portion sizes and inactivity, but that can't be everything.
A. adapt
B. attribute
C. allocate
D. alternate
【译文】肥胖症流行始于 20 世纪 80 年代，许多人将其归咎于食物分量增加和缺乏运动，但这不可能是全部原因。
【解析】adapt 适应; attribute 归因于; allocate 分配; alternate 交替。分析句意,只有B选项attribute...to...选项符合"是......导致了......"的逻辑表达，故选B。
3. , there are no vaccines for STDs caused by bacteria; therefore, preventing transmission becomes all the more important.
A. Surprisingly
B. Unexpectedly
C. Unfortunately
D. Luckily
【译文】遗憾的是，目前还没有针对细菌性传播疾病的疫苗；因此，预防传播就显得尤为重要。
【解析】surprisingly 惊人地; unexpectedly 意外地; unfortunately 不幸地、遗憾地; luckily 幸运地。分析句意，因为缺乏疫苗，因此只能加强预防以阻止传播，逻辑应该是比较遗憾, 故选C。
4. In the nose, the cells responsible for sensing odor molecules in the air and transmitting signals to the brain are called .
A. receptor cells
B. olfactory bulbs
C. cilia
D. neurons
【译文】鼻腔中负责感知空气中气味分子并将信号传递至大脑的细胞被称为受体细胞。
【解析】receptor cells 受体细胞; olfactory bulbs 嗅球，是大脑结构，不属于细胞; cilia 纤毛，是辅助运动结构,无信号传递功能; neuro 神经元,泛指神经细胞，用在此处太宽泛、不精准。只有受体细胞是能识别气味分子的细胞类型，故选A。
5. Recently, some think that interferon used with antiviral agents may shorten the of disease.
A. course
B. distance
C. duration
D. symptom
【译文】最近有认为，干扰素与抗病毒药物一起使用可能会缩短疾病的持续时间。
【解析】course 过程，进程; distance 距离; duration 持续时间; symptom 症状。分析句意，药物可以缩短疗程，表示“疾病过程长短〞相关的选项只有 duration。 course 虽语义相近，但医学上更常用 duration 表述治疗时间。故选C。
词汇中的词义辨析题
题型分析
词汇中的词根词缀记忆法 | 前缀 1
医学考博英语
