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今天大家分享形容词和副词的知识点和用法
第一部分:形容词核心三大必考用法
一、形容词后置特殊规则(考试高频坑点)
1. 修饰复合不定代词,形容词必须放在不定代词后面:
something/anything/nothing/anyone等词 + 形容词
例句:I have something important to tell you.
翻译:我有重要的事要告诉你。
❌ 错误:something important thing
2. 表长、宽、高、深、年龄的形容词,放在名词后
结构:数字+单位 + 名词 + 形容词
例句:a river 500 meters long 一条500米长的河
a boy twelve years old 一个12岁的男孩
3. 多个形容词修饰名词,固定排序口诀(必背)
口诀:限观形龄色国材
翻译:限定词→观点→形状→年龄→颜色→国家→材料
例句:a beautiful small old red Chinese wooden box
一个好看、小巧、老旧的红色中式木盒子
二、形容词比较级&最高级变形规则
规则变化表👇
变形规则 | 举例原级 | 比较级 | 最高级 |
一般单词直接加 er / est | tall | taller | tallest |
以e结尾只加 r / st | nice | nicer | nicest |
重读闭音节:辅+元+辅结尾,双写末尾辅音再加er/est | big、thin、hot | bigger、thinner、hotter | biggest、thinnest、hottest |
辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i再加er/est | happy、easy | happier、easier | happiest、easiest |
多音节词/部分双音节词,前加more/most | difficult、beautiful | more difficult、more beautiful | most difficult、most beautiful |
少数er/ow结尾双音节词,直接加er/est | clever、narrow | cleverer、narrower | cleverest、narrowest |
不规则变形(单独整理,考试填空必考)👇
原级 | 比较级 | 最高级 |
good / well | better | best |
bad / ill | worse | worst |
many / much | more | most |
little | less | least |
far | farther / further | farthest / furthest |
old | older / elder | oldest / eldest |
这张变形表格建议截图保存☝️
第二部分:副词完整精讲
一、副词作用:修饰3类词
1. 修饰动词:run quickly 跑得快
2. 修饰形容词:very happy 非常开心
3. 修饰其他副词:very well 非常好
二、两类核心必考副词分类
1. 频度副词
(always/often/usually/sometimes/seldom/never)
位置口诀:be后实前,sometimes句首随便放
例句:She is always busy. / I seldom watch TV.
2. 程度副词(very/quite/too/even)
用法:只能修饰形容词、副词,不能修饰名词
例:even harder 更加努力
三、副词比较级变形规则
和形容词完全一致:单音节加er、多音节加more、不规则变形通用
四、副词三大必考句型(写作、单选必出)
1. as + 副词原级 + as 和……一样
例句:He runs as fast as me. 他跑得和我一样快。
否定:not as/so + 原级 + as 不如……
2. the + 比较级,the + 比较级 越……就越……
例句:The more you read, the better you write. 读得越多,写得越好。
3. 比较级 + and + 比较级 越来越……
单音节词:taller and taller 越来越高
多音节词:more and more beautiful 越来越漂亮
句型是书面表达提分关键,觉得有用可以转发给同班同学一起背诵!
第三部分:10道真题(答案解析放文末)
1. I have ______ to tell you.
A. important something B. something important C. anything important
2. This is a ______ box.
A. small old black wooden B. wooden black old small C. old small black wooden
3. Tom is 1.7 meters ______.
A. tall B. high C. long
4. My sister is ______ than me.
A. happyer B. happier C. more happy
5. This book is ______ one in our library.
A. difficult B. more difficult C. the most difficult
6. He plays basketball ______ in his class.
A. well B. better C. best
7. The ______ you exercise, the ______ you will be.
A. much; healthy B. more; healthier C. many; healthy
8. She doesn’t run as ______ as her brother.
A. fast B. faster C. fastest
9. Of the three girls, Linda writes ______.
A. carefully B. more carefully C. most carefully
10. My grandma ______ eats junk food, she thinks it’s unhealthy.
A. always B. seldom C. often
四部分,文末答案+逐题解析👇
1. 答案B 解析:形容词修饰不定代词后置
2. 答案A 解析:形容词排序:观形龄色国材
3. 答案A 解析:描述人身高用tall
4. 答案B 解析:辅音+y结尾,变y为i加er
5. 答案C 解析:多音节形容词最高级加most,必须带the
6. 答案C 解析:全班范围,副词最高级best
7. 答案B 解析:the+比较级,the+比较级固定句型
8. 答案A 解析:as…as中间只能放副词原级
9. 答案C 解析:三者及以上用最高级,多音节副词加most
10. 答案B 解析:seldom表示很少,符合语境“奶奶不吃垃圾食品”
五,写在最后:
1.觉得这份语法干货实用,先点收藏,考前随时翻看!
2.做10道真题错了几道?评论区打出错题序号,我针对性答疑!
3.持续更新中,关注不迷路,不错过初高中核心语法干货!
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