英语一翻译真题 2004

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英语一翻译真题 2004

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2004 英语一翻译真题

      Translation       

1) The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse languages could be.

2) We are obliged to them because some of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages. 

3) The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data.

4) Being interested in the relationship of language and thought, Whorf developed the idea that the structure of language determines the structure of habitual thought in a society.

5)Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which, in its strongest form, states that language imprisons the mind, and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society. 

自己分析结构再看解析...

【解析】

41) The Greeks assumedthat the structure of language hadsome connection with the process of thought,whichtook root in Europe long before people realizedhow diverse languages could be.

【词汇积累】

1)assume假设,认为

2)connection 联系,关系

常与connection搭配的短语有:have a connection with (和有关系),in connection with (与有关系),in this connection (关于这一点,就此而论)等。

3)take root生根,扎根

4)diverse 不同的,多种多样的,千变万化的,多变化的 

如:diverse interests (不同的兴趣)。diverse的名词形式是diversity,有“多样,不同,千变万化,差异,多样性”等意思。

【结构分析】

主句the Greeks assumed

that引导的宾语从句that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought 

which引导的非限定性定语从句which took root in Europe是,修饰整个句子。

定语从句的时间状语long before people realized how diverse languages could be 

【参考译文】

希腊人认为,语言结构和思维过程之间存在着某种联系。这一观点在人们尚未认识到语言的千差万别以前就早已在欧洲扎下了根。

42) We are obliged to them because some of these languages have since vanishedas the peopleswhospoke themdied out or became assimilated and lost their native languages.

【词汇积累】

1)oblige迫使,责成;答应……的请求,使满足;使感谢,使感激

常用短语有:be obliged to sb(感谢某人),be obliged to do sth.(不得不做某事,必须做某事)。

2)vanish消失,突然不见如:vanish from sight(消失不见),vanish in darkness(消失在黑暗中)。

3)peoples种族,民族

4)die out灭绝;逐渐消失;渐渐停止

5)assimilate使同化;使相似,使相同,使成一样;吸收,消化,理解

【结构分析】

主句(We are obliged to them) → 原因状语从句(because...) → 进一步解释(as...),其中包含一个 定语从句(who...) 和 并列谓语(died out or became...

【参考译文】

我们之所以感激他们(两位先驱),是因为在此以后,这些语言中有一些已经不复存在了,这是由于说这些语言的部族或是消亡,或是被同化,从而丧失了自己的本族语言。

43) The newly described languageswere often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asiathat some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data.

【词汇积累】

strikingly  ad. 显著地,突出地,引人注目地(相当于 very

Europen.欧洲;欧盟

Southeast Asia 东南亚

scholar n.学者;奖学金获得者

accuse v.控告,指控,谴责

fabricate vt.捏造;编造(谎言,借口等);建造;制造

【结构分析】

主句(The newly described languages were so different...) → 结果状语从句(that some scholars accused...

"so...that..." 结构:表示“如此……以至于……”

【参考译文】

这些新近被描述的语言,往往与经过充分研究的欧洲和东南亚的语言截然不同,以至于一些学者甚至指责博阿斯和萨皮尔捏造了他们的资料。

44) Being interested in the relationship of language and thought, Whorf developed the idea that the structure of language determines the structure of habitual thought in a society.

【词汇积累】

developed the idea形成观点

habitual thought习惯()思维

【结构分析】

原因状语(分词短语)→ 主句(Whorf developed the idea) → 同位语从句(that...

【参考译文】

Whorf对语言与思维的关系很感兴趣,他形成了一种观念,即:在一个社会里,语言的结构决定了习惯思维的结构。

45) Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which, in its strongest form, statesthat language imprisons the mind, and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society.

【词汇积累】

1) believe in 相信,信仰,信奉

2) determinism n. 决定论

3) imprison v. 关押,监禁;禁锢,束缚,限制

4) far-reaching adj. 影响深远的,深刻的

【结构分析】

主句(Whorf came to believe...)→ 定语从句(which states...)→ 并列宾语从句(that... and that...),中间插入状语(in its strongest form)修饰"states"

【参考译文】

沃尔夫进而相信某种类似语言决定论的观点,其极端说法是:语言禁锢思维,语言的语法结构能对一个社会的文化产生深远的影响。

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