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(61)Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live , thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies. 

(62)Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena. 

(63)The emphasis on data gathered first-hand, combined with a cross-cultural perspective brought to the analysis of cultures past and present, makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science.

(64)Taylor defined culture as “…that complex whole which includes belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society.”

(65)Thus, the anthropological concept of “culture,” like the concept of“set” in mathematics, is an abstract concept （which makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding.）

自己分析结构再看解析...

【解析】

(61) Furthermore, humans havethe ability to modify the environmentin which they live, thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies. 

【词汇积累】

furthermore：而且，此外

modify the environment in which they live：改变他们的生存/所居住环境

modify：to change inform or character; alter 变更，在形式或特征上改变，修改

they：指代“humans”

subjecting all other life forms to 让所有其它形态的生命服从……

other life forms =other forms of life 其它形式的生命

peculiar：独特的，特有的

fancy：imagination, especially of a whimsical or fantastic nature 想象，尤指有异想天开或空想的特性的，喜好

【结构分析】

主干:humans have the ability to modify the environment 

定语从句:in which they live 

伴随状语：thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies

【参考译文】

而且，人类还有能力改变自己的生存环境，从而让所有其他形态的生命服从人类自己独特的想法和想象。

(62) Social science isthat branch of intellectual enquirywhichseeksto study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner/ thatnatural scientists usefor the study of natural phenomena.

【词汇积累】

Social science 社会科学         intellectual enquiry 知识探究

enquiry = inquiry：探究，探索 seek to：试图，设法

humans and their endeavors 人类及其行为

endeavor：努力 in … manner 以……方式，用……方法

reasoned 理性的 orderly 有序的

dispassioned 冷静的 natural phenomena 自然现象

【结构分析】

主句：Social science // is // that branch of / intellectual enquiry // 

定语从句：which // seeks to / study // humans and their endeavors 

方式状语：in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner 

定语从句：that natural scientists // use // 

目的状语：for the study of / natural phenomena.

【参考译文】

社会科学是知识探索的一个分支，它力图/寻求像自然科学家研究自然现象那样，用理性的、有序的、系统的和客观的方式研究人类及其行为。

(63)The emphasison datagathered first-hand, combined with a cross-cultural perspective brought to the analysis of cultures past and present, makesthis study a unique and distinctly important social science.

【词汇积累】

The emphasis on 对……的强调，对……的重视

data gathered first-hand搜集的第一手资料

first-hand：直接地，第一手地 combined with加上

a cross-cultural perspective跨文化视角

【结构分析】

主语：The emphasis on data gathered first-hand 

过去分词短语，作为主语的补充：combined with a cross-cultural perspective brought to the analysis of cultures past and present

谓语和宾语：makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science

【参考译文】

强调搜集第一手资料，加上一种跨文化的观点，这种观点适用于分析古今文化的，这使这一研究成为一门独特而且非常重要的社会科学。

(64)Taylordefinedculture as “…that complex wholewhich includesbelief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society.”

【词汇积累】

Taylor人名，按照音译“泰勒”。         defined culture as 将文化定义为

that complex whole 一个复合体 which：指代“whole”，译作“它”。

morals 道德 acquire：取得，获得

man as a member of society 人作为社会成员/作为社会成员的人

【结构分析】

主句：Taylor defined culture as "...that complex whole..."

定语从句：which // includes belief, art, morals, law, custom, / and any othercapabilities / and habits 

后置定语：acquired by man // as a member of society."

【参考译文】

泰勒把文化定义为“……一个复合整体，它包括人作为社会成员获得的信仰、艺术、道德、法律、风俗以及所有其他能力和习惯”。

(65) Thus, the anthropological concept of “culture,” like the concept of “set” in mathematics, isan abstract concept whichmakes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding.

【词汇积累】

the anthropological concept of "culture," 人类学的“文化”的概念

the concept of "set" in mathematics 数学中“集合”的概念

an abstract concept抽象概念

abstract：considered apart from concrete existence 抽象的，和真实存在不同的

make sth. possible 使得……成为可能

immense amounts of concrete research大量的具体研究

【结构分析】

主句：Thus, the anthropological concept of “culture” is an abstract concept...

插入比较结构：like the concept of “set” in mathematics

定语从句：which makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding

【参考译文】

（因此/所以），人类学中“文化”的（概念/观念）就像数学中“集合”的概念一样，是一个抽象概念。（它/这种概念）使大量的具体研究和认识（成为可能/有可能进行）。

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