自然灾害 · 中考英语 · 2026年07月04日

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自然灾害 · 中考英语 · 2026年07月04日

📚 中考英语·2026年07月04日

主题:自然灾害(Natural Disasters)

第2循环 · AI动态生成


【模块一:每日15个高频词汇与词组】

1. mudslide [n.] 泥石流
用法说明:常与 trigger, cause, bury 等搭配;可数名词,复数形式为 mudslides。
例句:Heavy rain can trigger a mudslide in mountainous areas.
(大雨可能在山丘地区引发泥石流。)

2. thunderstorm [n.] 雷暴
用法说明:常与 strong, bring, occur 等搭配;可数名词,复数形式为 thunderstorms。
例句:Thunderstorms often come with heavy rain and lightning.
(雷暴常伴有大雨和闪电。)

3. sandstorm [n.] 沙尘暴
用法说明:常与 strong, cause, blow 等搭配;可数名词,复数形式为 sandstorms。
例句:A sandstorm reduced visibility to almost zero.
(沙尘暴使能见度几乎降为零。)

4. cold wave [n.短语] 寒潮
用法说明:常与 severe, arrive, bring 等搭配;可数名词短语,复数形式为 cold waves。
例句:A cold wave brought freezing temperatures to the region.
(寒潮给该地区带来了冰冻温度。)

5. earthquake ⭐ [名词] 地震
用法说明:常与动词搭配,如:happen/occur(发生)、strike/hit(袭击)、cause(引起);也可与形容词连用,如:strong/powerful(强烈的)、devastating(毁灭性的)。
例句:The earthquake destroyed thousands of buildings and caused widespread panic.
(这场地震摧毁了数千栋建筑,并引发了广泛的恐慌。)

6. typhoon [n.] 台风
用法说明:常与动词 hit, strike, approach, cause 等搭配;可作可数名词,复数形式为 typhoons。
例句:The typhoon caused severe damage to the coastal areas.
(台风对沿海地区造成了严重破坏。)

7. survive ⭐ [verb] 幸存;生存;从...中挺过来
用法说明:在自然灾害语境中,survive常与灾难名称连用,如survive the earthquake/flood/tsunami,表示从灾难中活下来。也可单独使用,表示幸存或继续生存。
例句:Only a few people survived the earthquake.
(只有少数人在地震中幸存下来。)

8. safe ⭐ [形容词] 安全的,平安的
用法说明:常与介词 from 连用表示'免受…的危险',或用于 be safe to do sth. 结构表示'做某事是安全的'。在自然灾害话题中,通常描述躲避危险、保护自己或他人的状态。
例句:During the earthquake, it is important to stay in a safe place.
(在地震期间,待在安全的地方很重要。)

9. wildfire [n.] 野火;山火
用法说明:常与 spread, cause, fight, prevent 等搭配;可数名词,复数形式为 wildfires。
例句:Wildfires can spread quickly in dry weather.
(野火在干燥天气下会迅速蔓延。)

10. rainstorm [n.] 暴雨
用法说明:常与 heavy, cause, flood 等搭配;可数名词,复数形式为 rainstorms。
例句:The rainstorm flooded many streets in the city.
(暴雨淹没了城市的许多街道。)

11. warn ⭐ [动词] 警告;提醒
用法说明:常用于"warn sb. to do sth."或"warn sb. of/about sth."结构,表示提醒或警告某人注意危险。在自然灾害语境中,常用被动语态"be warned"或主动形式。
例句:The government warned people to evacuate before the hurricane hit.
(政府在飓风来临前警告人们撤离。)

12. drought [n.] 干旱
用法说明:常与 severe, long, suffer from 等搭配;不可数名词,但可用 a drought 表示一次干旱。
例句:The long drought made it difficult for farmers to grow crops.
(长期的干旱使农民难以种植庄稼。)

13. heat wave [n.短语] 热浪
用法说明:常与 severe, last, suffer from 等搭配;可数名词短语,复数形式为 heat waves。
例句:The heat wave lasted for over a week, causing many people to suffer from heatstroke.
(热浪持续了一周多,导致许多人中暑。)

14. snowstorm [n.] 暴风雪
用法说明:常与 heavy, hit, cause traffic problems 等搭配;可数名词,复数形式为 snowstorms。
例句:A snowstorm hit the northern part of the country last night.
(昨晚一场暴风雪袭击了该国北部地区。)

15. hailstorm [n.] 冰雹
用法说明:常与 severe, cause damage 等搭配;可数名词,复数形式为 hailstorms。
例句:The hailstorm damaged the roofs of many houses.
(冰雹损坏了许多房屋的屋顶。)


【📊 与上次同主题内容对比】

重复词汇(0%):

新增词汇:warn、cold wave、snowstorm、heat wave、mudslide...

⭐ 标记为核心复习词汇


【模块二:今日语法学习】

📌 今日语法主题:动词不定式

语法要点:to do 作主语、宾语、目的状语

① 概念说明:
动词不定式(to do)在句中可作主语、宾语或目的状语,表示动作或目的,常用于表达计划、目的和建议。

② 结构公式:

主语:To do + 谓语 + ... 宾语:主语 + 谓语 + to do 目的状语:主语 + 谓语 + ... + to do

③ 今日词汇中的体现:

To survive a mudslide, it is important to move to higher ground quickly.
(为了在泥石流中幸存,快速转移到高地很重要。)

We plan to prepare for a thunderstorm by staying indoors.
(我们计划通过待在室内来为雷暴做准备。)

The government advised people to stay safe during the earthquake.
(政府建议人们在地震期间保持安全。)

④ 易错提示:
忘记不定式作主语时谓语动词用单数,如"To survive is important",不是"are"。
混淆不定式作宾语和目的状语:作宾语是动词的承受对象(如"want to go"),目的状语表示原因(如"study to pass")。

⑤ 练习一下:

题目:Which of the following sentences correctly uses an infinitive to express purpose?

A. To survive the cold wave, we wore warm clothes.

B. We decided to survive the cold wave by wearing warm clothes.

C. To wear warm clothes is important in a cold wave.

D. The cold wave made us to stay indoors.

答案:A

解析:
选项A中"To survive"作目的状语,表示穿暖衣物的目的。
B中"to survive"是宾语,表示决定的内容;C中"To wear"作主语;D中"make"后应用不带to的不定式("made us stay"),语法错误。


【模块三:中译英练习(3题)】

1. (考点:动词不定式作目的状语
中文:人们建房子来躲避自然灾害。
参考答案:People build houses to avoid natural disasters.

2. (考点:动词不定式作宾语补足语
中文:老师教我们在地震时如何保护自己。
参考答案:The teacher taught us how to protect ourselves during an earthquake.

3. (考点:动词不定式作主语和表语
中文:在洪水来临之前做好准备是非常重要的,这能帮助人们减少损失。
参考答案:It is very important to get prepared before a flood comes, which can help people reduce losses.


【模块四:中考作文范例】

题目设定:
请以'自然灾害'为主题,写一篇短文,描述一次你经历或了解的自然灾害。要求使用过去进行时,并尽量运用以下词汇:mudslide, thunderstorm, sandstorm, cold wave, earthquake, typhoon, survive, safe, wildfire, rainstorm。词数100-120词。

范文:

Last summer, a terrible typhoon hit our city. I was doing my homework at home when the rainstorm suddenly started. The wind was blowing strongly, and I could hear thunder and lightning outside. It was a frightening thunderstorm.

My family was worrying about the news on TV. Some places had mudslides and wildfires because of the heavy rain. We stayed inside to keep safe. I thought about people who were trying to survive in such bad weather, like a cold wave or a sandstorm.

Finally, the typhoon passed. We were all safe. I learned that nature can be very powerful, and we should always be prepared for disasters like earthquakes or typhoons.

写作亮点点评:

1. 结构清晰:开头描述台风来临时的场景,主体讲述家人的担忧和应对,结尾总结感悟,层次分明。

2. 词汇运用丰富:准确使用了typhoon, rainstorm, thunderstorm, mudslide, wildfire, cold wave, sandstorm, survive, safe等今日词汇,增强了文章的表现力。

3. 过去进行时运用自然:如'I was doing my homework'和'my family was worrying',生动展现了事件发生时的持续状态。


每日坚持,中考必胜!💪

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