中考英语阅读，常常卡在“看得见却读不顺”的地方。
有些句子单词并不难，但搭配、指代、后置修饰和句子层级一多，理解速度就会慢下来。
下面这 40 句选自近年中考真题，可以作为长难句、词组复习的急救包。
1. 例句：Many researchers agree that a meaningful life comes down to three factors (因素): having long-term goals, believing that one’s life matters, and feeling that one’s life fits together and “makes sense”.
译文：许多研究者认为，有意义的人生归结为三个因素：拥有长期目标、相信自己的人生重要，以及感觉自己的人生各部分相互契合并且“说得通”。 （北京 2022）
词组：
come down to = 归结为，归根到底是
one’s life matters = 某人的人生/生命是重要的
fit together = 相互契合，组合成整体
make sense = 有意义，讲得通
2. 例句：In the next study, we asked people to rate the degree to which they agreed with various statements, such as “I appreciate the beauty of life” and “I appreciate little things in life,” as well as other statements that related to the three factors and a general sense of meaning in life.
译文：在下一项研究中，我们让人们给自己同意各种陈述的程度打分，例如“我欣赏生活之美”和“我欣赏生活中的小事”，以及其他与这三个因素和总体人生意义感有关的陈述。 （北京 2022）
词组：
rate the degree to which... = 评定……的程度
various statements = 各种陈述/说法
relate to = 与……有关
a general sense of meaning = 总体的意义感
3. 例句：In the following studies, we further looked at the connection between EA and meaningfulness, for example, we found that people who were asked to look back on the most meaningful event of the past week generally reported high EA in those moments.
译文：在接下来的研究中，我们进一步考察了存在欣赏感和意义感之间的联系；例如，我们发现，被要求回顾过去一周最有意义事件的人，通常报告说自己在那些时刻有较高的存在欣赏感。 （北京 2022）
词组：
the connection between A and B = A 与 B 之间的联系
look back on = 回顾，回想
meaningful event = 有意义的事件
in those moments = 在那些时刻
4. 例句：After the first period of training, I felt it very practical and helpful when I put in the right amount （量） of work along with a strong will.
译文：第一阶段训练后，我觉得只要投入适量努力并有坚强意志，它就很实用、很有帮助。 （北京 2022）
词组：
the first period of training = 第一阶段训练
put in the right amount of work = 投入适量努力
along with a strong will = 加上坚强意志
5. 例句：With live programs, I feel like working out with my friends, which encourages me to hold on to the last minute.
译文：有直播课程时，我感觉像是在和朋友一起锻炼，这鼓励我坚持到最后一刻。 （北京 2022）
词组：
live programs = 直播课程
work out with... = 和……一起锻炼
hold on to the last minute = 坚持到最后一刻
6. 例句：Molly will still be involved in decision-making, and she’s going to stay in touch with the people who work for her, but Sally is going to look after day-to-day running of the business so that Molly can spend more time with the kids.
译文：莫莉仍会参与决策，也会和为她工作的人保持联系，但萨莉将负责公司的日常运营，这样莫莉就能花更多时间陪孩子。 （武汉 2018）
词组：
be involved in decision-making = 参与决策
stay in touch with = 与……保持联系
day-to-day running = 日常运营
spend more time with = 花更多时间陪伴……
7. 例句：It is easy to see that traditional games like hide-and-seek and jump rope games are unfamiliar to many of today’s school children, who like to play computer games----especially in the cities, with the rising popularity of TV, the Internet, video and online games.
译文：很容易看出，捉迷藏和跳绳这类传统游戏对今天许多学生来说已经很陌生了，他们喜欢玩电脑游戏，尤其是在城市里，随着电视、互联网、视频和网络游戏越来越流行。 （武汉 2018 元调）
词组：
be unfamiliar to = 对……来说陌生
with the rising popularity of = 随着……日益流行
8. 例句：When Martin announced that he was going to run the New York City Marathon(马拉松), his wife and children thought he was crazy: Martin weighed over 100 kilograms, smoked twenty cigarettes a day, and never exercised.
译文：当马丁宣布他要参加纽约市马拉松时，他的妻子和孩子都觉得他疯了：马丁体重超过100公斤，每天抽20支烟，而且从不锻炼。 （武汉 2020 五调）
词组：
announce that... = 宣布……
run the New York City Marathon = 参加纽约市马拉松
weigh over 100 kilograms = 体重超过100公斤
9. 例句：However, it was still very difficult on the day of the marathon, because there were a couple of times on the route when he really felt like giving up and going to bed.
译文：然而，马拉松当天仍然非常艰难，因为在路线上有好几次他真的想放弃，回去睡觉。 （武汉 2020 五调）
词组：
on the day of the marathon = 马拉松当天
a couple of times = 好几次
on the route = 在路线上
feel like giving up = 想要放弃
10. 例句：Of course, sometimes I wonder what my students would think if they knew that their teacher was going home on the weekend to write about murders and dead bodies, but I think my parents probably did me a favor: my teaching job keeps me in touch with the real world.
译文：当然，有时我会想，如果学生们知道他们的老师周末回家写谋杀和尸体的故事，他们会怎么想；但我觉得父母也许帮了我一个忙：我的教学工作让我与真实世界保持联系。 （武汉 2019）
词组：
write about murders and dead bodies = 写关于谋杀和尸体的内容
do sb. a favor = 帮某人一个忙
keep sb. in touch with = 让某人与……保持联系
11. 例句：At first, everything was fine: I had so much work that I had to take on an assistant, my best friend at work, Don, just to be able to finish things on time.
译文：起初，一切都很好：我的工作太多了，以至于不得不雇一个助理，也就是我工作中最好的朋友唐，只是为了能按时完成事情。 （武汉 2019）
词组：
take on an assistant = 雇用/招收一名助理
my best friend at work = 我工作中最好的朋友
finish things on time = 按时完成事情
12. 例句：She told us that after the water conservation project was completed a policy was made to encourage more people to increase the fruit production with clean water in the river.
译文：她告诉我们，在水利工程完成后，制定了一项政策，鼓励更多人利用河里的清洁水来提高水果产量。 （武汉 2021）
词组：
water conservation project = 水利工程
a policy was made = 制定了一项政策
increase the fruit production = 提高水果产量
with clean water in the river = 利用河里的清洁水
13. 例句：Part of the joy for Bert was watching the younger students get excited when running after swallowtails.
译文：对伯特来说，快乐的一部分就是看着低年级学生追逐凤蝶时变得兴奋起来。 （武汉 2023）
词组：
part of the joy = 快乐的一部分
the younger students = 低年级学生
get excited = 变得兴奋
run after swallowtails = 追逐凤蝶
14. 例句：He lifted up the book which I had purposely laid on the floor, and placed it on the table, while all the rest stepped over it, or shoved it aside, showing that he was careful.
译文：他把我故意放在地板上的书捡起来，放到桌上，而其他人都从书上跨过去，或者把它推到一边，这说明他很细心。 （武汉 2017 元调）
词组：
lift up = 抬起，捡起
purposely lay...on the floor = 故意把……放在地板上
step over = 跨过
shove...aside = 把……推到一边
15. 例句：Surrounded by miles of winding stone walls, the house and field provided endless hours of fun for a city kid like me.
译文：房子和田野被绵延数英里的蜿蜒石墙围绕着，为像我这样的城市孩子提供了无尽的快乐时光。 （武汉 2016 元调）
词组：
be surrounded by = 被……围绕
winding stone walls = 蜿蜒的石墙
endless hours of fun = 无尽的快乐时光
16. 例句：He worked in his study, where he wrote 250,000 words about his theory of evolution (进化论), but he was frightened about what people might say about his idea that monkeys were the ancestors of humans.
译文：他在书房里工作，在那里他写下了25万字来阐述自己的进化论，但他害怕人们会如何评价他的观点，即猴子是人类的祖先。 （广州 2022）
词组：
theory of evolution = 进化论
be frightened about = 对……感到害怕/担忧
what people might say about... = 人们可能会如何评价……
ancestors of humans = 人类的祖先
17. 例句：At home at Down House, a place that you can still visit today, Darwin wrote many articles and books about his travels, but he didn’t want to make anything about his theory known to the public.
译文：在唐恩故居，也就是今天你仍然可以参观的地方，达尔文写了许多关于旅行的文章和书籍，但他不想把任何关于自己理论的内容公之于众。 （广州 2022）
词组：
a place that you can still visit today = 今天仍可参观的地方
make sth. known to the public = 把某事公之于众
anything about his theory = 关于他理论的任何内容
18. 例句：They made a lamp that can be powered by plants and soil, both of which can be easily found in the Amazonian rainforest where the village lies.
译文：他们制作了一盏可以由植物和土壤供电的灯，而这两样东西都可以在村庄所在的亚马孙雨林中轻易找到。 （广州 2016）
词组：
be powered by = 由……供能/驱动
both of which = 两者都……
the Amazonian rainforest = 亚马孙雨林
where the village lies = 村庄所在的地方
19. 例句：Elmer Ramirez, the UT professor who invented the lamp, believes the Plant Lamp could help improve the lives of many people, especially small rainforest communities, 42% of whom have no electricity.
译文：发明这盏灯的UT教授埃尔默·拉米雷斯认为，植物灯可以帮助改善许多人的生活，尤其是小型雨林社区居民的生活，其中42%的人没有电。 （广州 2016）
词组：
the professor who invented the lamp = 发明这盏灯的教授
improve the lives of = 改善……的生活
small rainforest communities = 小型雨林社区
42% of whom = 其中42%的人
20. 例句：He now was responsible for the family farm and taking care of his 60-year-old mother as tradition required.
译文：现在，他要负责家里的农场，并照顾自己60岁的母亲，正如传统所要求的那样。 （广州 2019）
词组：
be responsible for = 负责……
the family farm = 家里的农场
take care of his 60-year-old mother = 照顾他60岁的母亲
as tradition required = 按照传统要求
21. 例句：One big cause for procrastination is that people are afraid of failure, of not meeting others’ expectations.
译文：拖延的一个重要原因是，人们害怕失败，害怕达不到别人的期待。 （广州 2021）
词组：
one big cause for procrastination = 拖延的一个重要原因
be afraid of failure = 害怕失败
meet others’ expectations = 达到别人的期待
22. 例句：More often than not, David leaves his homework behind and surfs the Internet or watches TV instead, waiting until the last minute.
译文：大多数时候，大卫把作业抛在脑后，转而上网或看电视，一直等到最后一刻。 （广州 2021）
词组：
more often than not = 往往，多半
leave sth. behind = 把……抛在脑后/落下
surf the Internet = 上网
wait until the last minute = 等到最后一刻
23. 例句：Her research shows that we can enjoy communicating with robots whether or not they look like humans, because our brains are able to look for faces.
译文：她的研究表明，无论机器人看起来是否像人类，我们都可以享受与它们交流，因为我们的大脑能够寻找“脸”的特征。 （广州 2023）
词组：
communicate with robots = 与机器人交流
whether or not = 无论是否
look like humans = 看起来像人类
look for faces = 寻找“脸”的特征
24. 例句：As they read, they copied necessary information on cards: interesting words, common words—both in their daily uses and unusual uses, and also the sentences where they were used.
译文：他们一边阅读，一边把必要信息抄到卡片上：有趣的词、常见词，包括它们的日常用法和特殊用法，以及这些词被使用的句子。 （广州 2023）
词组：
copy necessary information on cards = 把必要信息抄到卡片上
daily uses and unusual uses = 日常用法和特殊用法
the sentences where they were used = 这些词被使用的句子
25. 例句：However, we cannot be controlled by it, because new situations, new experiences, new inventions, and new feelings, are always pushing us to give new uses to old words.
译文：然而，我们不能被它控制，因为新的情况、新的经历、新的发明和新的感受总是在推动我们赋予旧词新的用法。 （广州 2023）
词组：
be controlled by = 被……控制
new situations / experiences / inventions / feelings = 新的情况/经历/发明/感受
give new uses to old words = 赋予旧词新的用法
26. 例句：Powered by the sun, this robot works in a forest. It keeps an eye on everything from animal movements to the forest’s temperature, then sends the information back to the scientists.
译文：这个机器人由太阳能驱动，在森林中工作。它密切关注从动物活动到森林温度的一切情况，然后把信息传回给科学家。 （广州 2024）
词组：
powered by the sun = 由太阳能驱动；
keep an eye on = 密切关注，留意；
from animal movements to the forest’s temperature = 从动物活动到森林温度；
send the information back to = 把信息传回给……
27. 例句：Things shouldn’t be just thrown away when they can be saved and turned into something useful.
译文：当东西还可以被保留下来并变成有用之物时，就不应该只是被扔掉。 （广州 2024）
词组：
throw away = 扔掉，丢弃；
be saved = 被保留下来；
turn into something useful = 变成有用之物
28. 例句：Upcycling can just require your own ideas and work, but recycling requires energy (能源) or water to break down things.
译文：升级再造可能只需要你自己的想法和劳动，但回收利用需要能源或水来分解物品。 （广州 2024）
词组：
upcycling = 升级再造，旧物改造；
require your own ideas and work = 需要自己的想法和劳动；
break down things = 分解物品
29. 例句：Every day she drinks some tea, then dries out the tea bags with the tea still in them.
译文：她每天喝一些茶，然后在茶叶仍留在茶包里的情况下把茶包晾干。 （广州 2024）
词组：
dry out = 使……变干，晾干；
tea bags = 茶包；
with the tea still in them = 茶叶仍留在里面
30. 例句：You only have a map and a compass, and instead of running down a city road, you may need to run around in the woods, climb over rocks and go up and down hills.
译文：你只有一张地图和一个指南针，而且你可能不是沿着城市道路奔跑，而是需要在树林里绕行、翻越岩石、上上下下地爬山坡。 （广州 2022）
词组：
a map and a compass = 一张地图和一个指南针
instead of running down a city road = 不是沿着城市道路奔跑
run around in the woods = 在树林里绕行
climb over rocks = 翻越岩石
31. 例句：A recent study found that when drivers were talking on their mobile phones，their stopping times were 30 percent slower than when they had drunk too much—and nearly 50 percent slower than when they were driving normally.
译文：一项最新研究发现，当司机使用手机通话时，他们的停车反应时间比醉酒后慢30%，并且比正常驾驶时慢将近50%。 （广州 2012）
词组：
a recent study found that = 一项最新研究发现
stopping times = 停车反应时间
30 percent slower than = 比……慢30%
drive normally = 正常驾驶
32. 例句：The Germans are building robots that can collect pieces of space junk and bring them back to Earth to be safely destroyed.
译文：德国人正在制造能够收集太空垃圾碎片并把它们带回地球安全销毁的机器人。 （广州 2018）
词组：
pieces of space junk = 太空垃圾碎片
bring them back to Earth = 把它们带回地球
be safely destroyed = 被安全销毁
33. 例句：The problem is becoming more challenging because we’re sending more objects into space to help people use their mobile phones and computers.
译文：这个问题正变得更具挑战性，因为我们正在把更多物体送入太空，以帮助人们使用手机和电脑。 （广州 2018）
词组：
become more challenging = 变得更具挑战性
send more objects into space = 把更多物体送入太空
mobile phones and computers = 手机和电脑
34. 例句：On March 3, 1887, the lives of two amazing women were changed forever when Anne Sullivan, a poor university graduate, arrived at the home of the wealthy Keller family to teach their six-year-old daughter Helen.
译文：1887年3月3日，当贫穷的大学毕业生安妮·沙利文来到富有的凯勒家，教他们六岁的女儿海伦时，两位杰出女性的人生被永远改变了。 （广州 2015）
词组：
be changed forever = 被永远改变
a poor university graduate = 一位贫穷的大学毕业生
the wealthy Keller family = 富有的凯勒家族
their six-year-old daughter = 他们六岁的女儿
35. 例句：These people found that using strong radios was a possible way for families living far away to communicate with each other.
译文：这些人发现，使用强信号无线电是让住得很远的家庭彼此交流的一种可能方式。 （广州 2017）
词组：
using strong radios = 使用强信号无线电
a possible way for sb. to do = 某人做某事的一种可能方式
families living far away = 住得很远的家庭
communicate with each other = 彼此交流
36. 例句：To me, lychees are more than just a fruit—they are a bridge between cultures.
译文：对我来说，荔枝不只是一种水果，它们是文化之间的桥梁。 （广州 2025）
词组：
more than just = 不只是，不仅仅是
a bridge between cultures = 文化之间的桥梁
37. 例句：Old ways of keeping information are gone now, or they are no longer supported by new technology.
译文：保存信息的旧方式如今已经消失，或者不再受到新技术的支持。 （广州 2025）
词组：
old ways of keeping information = 保存信息的旧方式
be gone now = 如今已经消失
no longer supported by = 不再受到……支持
38. 例句：For now, when it comes to storing information, printed copies seem to be the safest choice.
译文：就目前而言，说到存储信息，纸质副本似乎是最安全的选择。 （广州 2025）
词组：
for now = 就目前而言
when it comes to doing sth. = 说到做某事
storing information = 存储信息
printed copies = 纸质副本
39. 例句：The fax machine did not become a necessary piece of equipment in every office until the 1980s.
译文：传真机直到20世纪80年代才成为每间办公室里必不可少的设备。 （上海 2021）
词组：
a necessary piece of equipment = 一件必不可少的设备
40. 例句：When he finally sent details of his invention to the Patent Office on February 14th, it was too late.
译文：当他终于在2月14日把自己发明的详细资料寄到专利局时，已经太晚了。 （上海 2021）
词组：
send details of... = 寄送/提交……的详细资料
the Patent Office = 专利局
