接下来本号将陆续解析今年的一二三级真题，敬请期待！
三笔
英译汉
涉及话题：物种灭绝、生物多样性
Over the past week, the media have been inundated with news of the “de-extinction" of the direwolf (恐狼)—a species that went extinct about 13,000 years ago. The breakthrough has beenachieved by Colossal Biosciences(巨神生物科学公司), a multibillion-dollar United Statescompany that claims their goal is to restore biodiversity through the de-extinction of species. Theproject is being debated and marketed as a conversation win. But does this technology really havethe best interests of conservation in mind? We argue as ecologists that genetic advancements likethese, while they are major scientific and technological feats, still risk minimizing the severity ofthe current extinction crisis. lmportantly, they take away focus from proven conservation effortsthat are needed to protect the biodiversity that remains.
First, it is important to recognize that the three “dire wolf"pups created are not actually direwolves. Colossal carried out 20 edits in 14 genes of the grey wolf genome to create their “direwolves" using a genetic technique called CRISPR-Cas9. The grey wolf's genome is 2.4 billionbase pairs (硪基对) long. Would we consider a chimpanzee, with which we share 98.8% of ourgenome, to be human after 20 edits? The reality is that there are three slightly modified greywolves.
This de-extinction project has had millions of dollars poured into it-amounts of money mostconservation programs could only dream of. There are proven solutions to help reversebiodiversity loss: habitat protection and restoration, the control of invasive species and the phasingout of fossil fuels. However, those solutions are not slickly marketed as shiny, techno-fix packageslike de-extinction. Instead, they are heavily underfunded.
Promoting extinction as reversible risks downplaying its gravity and legacy. Headlines like theone that appeared on the front cover of TIME magazine-with the word “extinct” crossedout seed a false hope that no matter what environmental damage is done, species loss can beeasily undone. The risk is that de-extinction will be used as an ultimate ofset for any environmentimpact. It is what makes fighting, biodiversity loss such an urgent concern, so much so that peoplerisk their lives to prevent it, with 150 wildlife rangers dying each year around the world in their fight to protect endangered species. Framing extinction as temporary creates false hope andundermines motivation for real conservation action.
We might already be seeing this happen in response to the “de-extinction" of the dire wolf.Interior Secretary of the US administration, Doug Burgum (道格·伯古姆), praised the newbiotechnology advancement and used it as an argument for the removal of the US Endangered Species Act. What good is bringing back species if there are no protective laws to address the drivers of their declines? It is deeply ironic that while millions are being spent recreating a dire wolf proxy, its cousin, the grey wolf, is heavily persecuted globally, other predators are affected too. In Australia, the dingo, which has been show to suppress invasive cats and red foxes, helping native biodiversity, is also heavily persecuted.
If we can't safeguard or protect habitat for apex predators today, in ecosystems that are already under immense pressure, what kind of world would we be bringing extinct species back into? Up to 150 species are considered to go extinct every day. No amount of genetic tech will solve this unless we address the root causes: habitat destruction, over-exploitation and climate change. The de-extinction of the dire wolf may sound like a conservation breakthrough, but it risks distracting us from the protection of our current living species. This approach turns biodiversity conservation into a billionaire's Jurassic Park fantasy instead of addressing the crisis we already know how to fix.
汉译英
涉及话题：支教、留守儿童
2025 年全国高考，被称为“玻璃娃娃”的湖北考生田艳青考出621分的优异成绩。她发自内心地感谢支教教师袁辉，是他点亮了她的生命之光。
2012年9月，袁辉从南京大学历史系毕业，到湖北省姜家湾村支教。当时姜家湾有27个孩子，大多数是留守儿童，很多是单亲家庭。特别是田艳青，患有“成骨不全症(osteogenesisimperfecta)”，常常独自伤心地坐在角落。她渴望上学，但因病而无法到校上课。
看到田艳青的处境，袁辉决定上门为她上课。最初在姜家湾教学点支教时，到田艳青家有3公里山路，后来转至8公里外的白沙坪小学，他仍然坚持去她家上课。六年里，他风雨无阻，不仅分文不取，还用自己微薄的生活补贴，为她买玩具、彩色画笔、课外书。
他发现村里孩子只会方言，无法与外界交流。于是他采用了普通话与方言“双管齐下”的模式，使孩子们学会了标准的普通话。他教孩子们拼音字母、历史算术和诗词鉴赏，引导孩子们体验自然界的一草一木、风声鸟语,让他们知道，一草一木、鸟语花香都是一种生命，形成对自然、对人生的独特思考。
二笔
英译汉第一篇
涉及话题：德国经济、欧元区
According to Germany's Federal Statistical Office (Destatis), output in Germany fell slightly in thethird quarter, increasing the risk of a recession in Europe's biggest economy. And its GDP droppedby 0.1 percent in the July-to-September period compared with the previous quarter, when it grewby 0.1 percent.
Though investment by companies into machinery and equipment made a positive contribution toGDP, a fall in consumer spending drove the decline. The data bodes ill for the entire area that usesthe euro because Germany is the largest of its 20 economies. Germany's economy is once againteetering on the brink of a technical recession. A technical recession is defined as two consecutivequarters of declining output.
The German economy has been flirting with recession for almost a year. GDP shrank in the finalthree months of 2022 before stagnating in the first quarter of this year. (An initial estimate by thestatistics office has shown two consecutive quarters of declining output)
Economists say the picture is unlikely to improve soon, as the country's vast manufacturing sectorgrapples with weak Chinese demand, high energy costs and painful interest rate hikes. Companiesin the sector are shedding jobs at the fastest rate in three years, as new orders decline andconfidence remains deeply negative.
There was better news on inflation. Consumer prices rose by 3 percent on average in Octobercompared with a year ago, according to an initial estimate. This marked a sharp slowdown from arate of 4.3 percent in September.
While Germany's economy may be particularly hard-hit, business activity in the rest of the euroarea has also been lackluster and economists think a period of stagnation, or even a mild recessionis looming in the region. A recent survey of companies in the eurozone's manufacturing andservices sectors signaled a steep decline in output in October. The outlook for demand for goodsand services also worsened.
Still, third-quarter GDP data in the euro area is a "mixed bag so far". While Germany and Austriacontracted, Belgium and Spain grew strongly. This makes it likely that euro zone GDPdid notcontract in the third quarter—but a small decline in the fourth quarter is a realistic prospect.
英译汉第二篇
涉及话题：翻译、误译
Translation is the silent waiter who gets noticed only when he makes mistakes. Sometimes these are relatively minor errors.But history is littered with more consequential mistranslations—erroneous, intentional or simply misunderstood. For a job that often involves endless hours poring over books or laptop screens. Translation can prove surprisingly hazardous.
Nikita Khrushchev's(尼基塔·赫鲁晓夫) infamous statement in 1956—“We will bury you” ushered in one of the Cold War's most dangerous phases, one rife with paranoia and conviction that both sides were out to destroy the other. But it turns out that's not what he said, not in Russian, anyway. Khrushchev's actual declaration was “We will outlast you” prematurely boastful, perhaps, but not quite the declaration of hostilities most Americans heard, thanks to his interpreter's mistake.
The response of Kantaro Suzuki, prime minister of Japan, to an Allied ultimatum in July 1945 just days before Hiroshima (广岛)was conveyed to Harry Truman as “silent contempt” , when it was actually intended as “No comment. We need more time." Japan was not given any.
And the events of Sept. 11, and everything that followed, might well have been averted had theArabic-language messages that American intelligence intercepted on Sept. 10 been processedsooner than the 12th - a matter less of misreading than of personnel shortages, but a failure oftranslation nonetheless.
These are recent instances, but examples stretch back to antiquity. The Bible, reportedly the mosttranslated book of all time, has been gotten not only the longest-running debates about translation, including the endless war between fidelity and felicity, but also some notable misconceptions.
When Jerome, the patron saint of translators, rendered the Bible into Latin, he introduced a pun that created one of the most potent symbols of Christian iconography, turning the Tree of the Knowledge of Good and Evil into the tree of apples.
Of course, “mistranslation" is often in the eye of the beholder, and its consequences can range from the philosophical to the fatal. A populist English translation of the New Testament by the 16th-century scholar William Tyndale got him executed by the clergy for heresy.
More recently, the Armed Forces Journal reported in 2011 that interpreters in Iraq were “10 times more likely to die in combat than deployed American or international forces." Perhaps, in a further twist on the old Italian pun “translator, traitor", neither the troops they were interpreting for nor the enemy they were speaking to had complete faith in what they related.
汉译英第一篇
涉及话题：人工智能、大数据、算法、算力
人工智能是个热门话题。自从ChatGPT爆火以来，大家都在讨论如何在全球 AI 领域中取得领先优势。人工智能的快速发展取决于三个核心要素:算法、算力和数据。首先，我国拥有庞大的互联网用户群体，是产生大数据的主要动力。但如何采集并有效应用这些大数据则是个挑战。其次，算力是数据转变为知识的基础设施，ChatGPT 之所以取得了惊人的效果，正是基于创新的算法和精益求精的工程化能力。所以，要大力发展人工智能的算法及工程应用。
那么，是否有了数据、有了算法的结构、有了算力，那就万事大吉了呢?实际上这是一个十分复杂的过程。和造芯片一样，原理大家都懂，魔鬼在细节。打个比方吧，大数据好比食材，想要菜品好，必须有好食材。算力好比厨具和火候，没有合适的厨具，火候掌握得不好，也不行。当然，菜是不是好吃，靠厨师。厨师就好比算法。
汉译英第二篇
涉及话题：男女平等、妇女发展、就业、脱贫、教育
中国始终坚持男女平等的宪法原则,将男女平等作为促进国家社会发展的一项基本国策,不断完善法律法规，制定公共政策，编制发展规划，持续推进性别平等与妇女发展。
平等参与经济活动和公平享有经济资源是妇女生存发展的基本条件。中国在实施全方位扶贫战略中，统筹考虑城镇化、老龄化、市场化及气候变化等因素对妇女贫困的影响，加大妇女扶贫脱贫力度。贫困妇女人数大幅减少，妇女贫困程度不断降低。
就业是民生之本。国家制定和完善法律法规，促进公平就业，消除就业性别歧视。针对不同妇女群体就业创业中面临的困难，国家出台支持性政策措施。2021年全国女性就业人数为 3.2亿，占就业总数的 43.1%。
中国积极促进教育公平，努力保障男女平等接受教育的权利和机会。女性接受初中及以上，特别是高等教育的机会显著增加。全国15 岁及以上女性文盲率已由 1979 年的 20.5%降至 2017 年的 7.3%。
