深度精读是高效提分的核心途径,只做题对答案只能掌握浅层信息,精读能深挖命题逻辑,梳理同义替换、干扰选项等出题套路,吃透推理、主旨等高频考点。精读可在真实语境积累熟词生义、固定搭配,拆解复杂长难句,同步夯实词汇与语法基础。同时文本地道规范,积累的高级句式能直接用于写作。新高考侧重深层理解与语篇逻辑,盲目刷题收效甚微。深度研读真题既能摸清命题趋势,又能精准补齐短板,形成稳定阅读解题思维,实现语言能力与应试分数同步提升。
D (2026全国I卷)
A team of Cambridge psychologists conducted an experiment to compare the cognitive (认知的) effects of merely seeing art with actively judging how beautiful it is.
In the study, 187 people were invited to visit Kettle’s Yard gallery during an exhibition of handmade clay objects. Participants were randomly divided into two groups: the “beauty” group was asked to actively consider and then rate the beauty of each object they viewed, while the control group just matched a line drawing of the object with the artwork itself. All participants were then tested on how they process information, and whether it’s in a more practical or abstract way.
Across all participants, those in the beauty group scored almost 14% higher on average than the control group in abstract thinking. While they were told the study was about cognitive processes, participants were asked about interests, with around half saying they had an artistic hobby. Among those, the effect was greater: those with an artistic hobby in the beauty group scored over 25% higher on average for abstract thinking than those with an artistic hobby in the control group.
Emotional states of participants were also measured by asking about their feelings while completing the gallery task. Across all participants, those in the beauty group reported an average of 23% higher levels of “transformative and self-transcendent feelings”—such as feeling moved, enlightened and inspired—than the control group. Importantly, however, the beauty group did not report feeling any happier than the control group, suggesting that it was the engagement with beauty that influenced abstract thinking, rather than any overall positivity from the experience.
“We usually think in very concrete terms when doing something on a screen,” said Simone Schnall, senior author of the study. “It’s becoming much rarer to zone out and just let the mind wander, but that’s when we think in ways that broaden our minds. Admiring the beauty of art may be the ideal way to initiate the abstract cognitive processes.”
32.What was the beauty group asked to do with the clay objects?
A. Draw their outlines.
B. Give each piece a rating.
C. Compare their prices.
D. Make a copy of each piece.
33.Which participants got the highest score on average in the test?
A. Beauty group, with an artistic hobby.
B. Beauty group, without an artistic hobby.
C. Control group, with an artistic hobby.
D. Control group, without an artistic hobby.
34.Why were the participants’ emotional states measured?
A. To discover their attitudes towards art.
B. To identify their specific thinking patterns.
C. To examine the difficulty of the tasks.
D. To determine factors behind the test results.
35.What is the major finding of the study regarding the appreciation of art?
A. It enhances emotional ties.
B. It needs critical thinking skills.
C. It creates positive feelings.
D. It encourages abstract thinking.
高考英语词汇积累
psychologist /saɪˈkɒlədʒɪst/ n.心理学家
conduct /kənˈdʌkt/ v.开展;实施
experiment /ɪkˈsperɪmənt/ n.实验
cognitive /ˈkɒɡnətɪv/ adj.认知的
merely /ˈmɪəli/ adv.仅仅,只
actively /ˈæktɪvli/ adv.主动地,积极地
gallery /ˈɡæləri/ n.美术馆,画廊
exhibition /ˌeksɪˈbɪʃn/ n.展览
handmade /ˌhændˈmeɪd/ adj.手工制作的
clay /kleɪ/ n.黏土
randomly /ˈrændəmli/ adv.随机地
rate /reɪt/ v.打分,评定等级 n.等级,分数
control /kənˈtrəʊl/ n.对照组;控制
match /mætʃ/ v.匹配,配对
abstract /ˈæbstrækt/ adj.抽象的
concrete /ˈkɒŋkriːt/ adj.具体的
average /ˈævərɪdʒ/ adj.平均的 n.平均值
artistic /ɑːˈtɪstɪk/ adj.艺术的
transformative /trænsˈfɔːmətɪv/ adj.有变革性的
self-transcendent /ˌself trænˈsendənt/ adj.超越自我的
enlightened /ɪnˈlaɪtnd/ adj.豁然开朗的,受启发的
inspired /ɪnˈspaɪəd/ adj.受鼓舞的,有灵感的
positivity /ˌpɒzəˈtɪvəti/ n.积极情绪,乐观
engagement /ɪnˈɡeɪdʒmənt/ n.投入,深度参与
senior /ˈsiːniə/ adj.资深的
initiate /ɪˈnɪʃieɪt/ v.启动,触发
broaden /ˈbrɔːdn/ v.拓宽,开阔
文章中词块积累
conduct an experiment 开展实验
cognitive effects 认知层面的影响
handmade clay objects 手工黏土艺术品
randomly divide into two groups 随机分成两组
control group 对照组
line drawing 线条素描
process information 处理信息
abstract thinking 抽象思维
artistic hobby 艺术爱好
emotional states 情绪状态
transformative and self-transcendent feelings 变革性、超越自我的感受
overall positivity 整体愉悦感
zone out 放空,走神
let the mind wander 任由思绪发散
broaden one’s mind 开阔思维
initiate cognitive processes 触发认知活动
长难句精细拆解
长难句1
A team of Cambridge psychologists conducted an experiment to compare the cognitive (认知的) effects of merely seeing art with actively judging how beautiful it is.
主干:A team...conducted an experiment
不定式to compare作目的状语;
固定搭配 compare A with B 将A与B对比;
how beautiful it is 宾语从句,作judge的宾语。
翻译
剑桥大学一组心理学家开展了一项实验,对比单纯观赏艺术品,和主动评判艺术品美感这两种行为带来的不同认知影响。
长难句2
Participants were randomly divided into two groups: the “beauty” group was asked to actively consider and then rate the beauty of each object they viewed, while the control group just matched a line drawing of the object with the artwork itself.
冒号解释两组分工;while引导对比并列句;
定语从句they viewed修饰object,省略关系代词that;
固定搭配 match sth. with sth. 把某物与某物配对。
翻译
参与者被随机分为两组:“美感组”需要主动思考并为每一件观赏作品的美感打分,而对照组只需将作品的线条素描和实物艺术品配对。
考点
while表对比、定语从句省略关系词。
长难句3
Importantly, however, the beauty group did not report feeling any happier than the control group, suggesting that it was the engagement with beauty that influenced abstract thinking, rather than any overall positivity from the experience.
现在分词suggesting作伴随状语;
内部嵌套强调句型 it was...that...;
rather than 而不是。
翻译
但关键的是,美感组并没有表示自己比对照组更快乐。这表明,影响抽象思维的是人们对美的深度沉浸,而非观赏过程产生的单纯愉悦感。
考点
现在分词作状语、强调句、rather than对比结构(阅读高频难点)。
长难句4
It’s becoming much rarer to zone out and just let the mind wander, but that’s when we think in ways that broaden our minds.
it作形式主语,真正主语to zone out and let...;
when引导表语从句;
定语从句that broaden our minds修饰ways。
翻译
我们很少有机会放空自己、任由思绪自由发散,但恰恰是这种时刻,我们才能进行拓宽思维的深度思考。
全文+题干选项完整中英翻译
全文翻译
剑桥大学心理学家团队进行了一项实验,比较了单纯观看艺术品与主动评判其美感对认知产生的不同影响。
研究中,187人受邀参观凯特尔庭院美术馆举办的手工陶器展览。参与者被随机分为两组:“美感组”被要求主动思考并评价每件展品的美感程度,而对照组只需将展品的线条简图与原作进行匹配。随后,所有参与者接受了信息处理方式的测试,以考察其思维更偏向实用型还是抽象型。
结果显示,在所有参与者中,美感组在抽象思维测试中的平均得分比对照组高出近14%。尽管参与者被告知研究目的是探究认知过程,但问卷中也询问了他们的兴趣爱好,约半数人表示自己有艺术方面的爱好。在这一群体中,效果更为显著:有艺术爱好的美感组成员在抽象思维测试中的平均得分,比有艺术爱好的对照组成员高出25%以上。
研究还通过询问参与者在完成画廊任务时的感受,测量了他们的情绪状态。在所有参与者中,美感组报告“具有转化性和超越自我的感受”(如感动、启迪和受到鼓舞)的程度比对照组平均高出23%。然而,重要的是,美感组并未比对照组感到更快乐,这表明影响抽象思维的是对美感的投入,而非体验本身带来的整体积极情绪。
该研究资深作者西蒙·施纳尔表示:“我们面对电子屏幕做事时,思维往往十分具象。如今我们很少放空、任由思绪自由飘荡,但只有在这种状态下,我们才能拓展思维。欣赏艺术品之美,或许是触发抽象认知活动最理想的方式。”
题干+选项翻译
32题干:美感小组被要求对黏土艺术品做什么?
A. 绘制轮廓
B. 给每件作品打分
C. 对比价格
D. 复刻每件作品
33题干:哪一类参与者测试平均分最高?
A. 美感组,有艺术爱好
B. 美感组,无艺术爱好
C. 对照组,有艺术爱好
D. 对照组,无艺术爱好
34题干:为何要测量参与者的情绪状态?
A. 摸清他们对艺术的态度
B. 区分他们独特的思维模式
C. 判断任务的难度大小
D. 探明实验结果背后的影响因素
35题干:关于欣赏艺术品,该研究的核心结论是什么?
A. 加深情感联结
B. 需要批判性思维能力
C. 产生积极愉悦的情绪
D. 促进抽象思维发展
本篇高考阅读解题技巧(科普实验类)
1. 实验类文章固定行文结构&出题规律
行文:实验目的→实验分组与操作→两组数据对比→补充变量(艺术爱好)→附加情绪测试→专家总结结论
出题顺序完全匹配段落顺序:32(分组操作)→33(分层数据)→34(附加实验目的)→35(全文主旨结论)
技巧:做题顺着段落找,不用来回翻找。
2. 细节题定位技巧
1.实验类必出现两组:beauty group(实验组)/control group(对照组),做题时圈好两组标记,避免混淆;
2.数字(14%、25%、23%)是定位线索,数字前后句子必为答案出处;
3.题干动词和原文同义替换是答案标志:rate=give a rating。
3. 实验目的类题目(34题)解题逻辑
实验增设额外测试(情绪测量),本质是排除干扰变量、验证因果关系。
干扰项陷阱:混淆“测试内容”和“测试目的”——测思维是一套测试,测情绪是另一套,测情绪不是为了分辨思维模式,而是为了解释思维差异从何而来。
4. 主旨/结论题(35题)做题要点
实验科普文主旨一定落在实验证明的核心效果,本文全程围绕“主动欣赏美提升抽象思维”展开;
快速排除错误选项方法:原文明确否定的内容直接划掉(文中说两组幸福感无差别,C直接排除)。
5. 避坑要点
1.分清两组不同任务,题干问beauty group就不要看对照组动作;
2.分层数据优先级:有艺术爱好的实验组 > 全体实验组 > 对照组;
3.强调句it was...that...常作为推理、细节题考点,读懂强调的核心对象;
4.文末专家引语是主旨题答案核心来源。
题目答案+详细解析
答案:32.B 33.A 34.D 35.D
32题题干:美感小组被要求对黏土艺术品做什么?
定位第二段:the “beauty” group was asked to actively consider and then rate the beauty of each object they viewed
rate v. 打分、评级,对应B选项Give each piece a rating(给每件作品打分)
A 勾勒轮廓(是对照组任务);C 对比价格;D 复刻作品,原文均无。
33题题干:哪一类参与者测试平均分最高?
定位第三段:those with an artistic hobby in the beauty group scored over 25% higher on average for abstract thinking than those with an artistic hobby in the control group.
翻译:有艺术爱好的美感小组参与者,抽象思维分数比有艺术爱好的对照组高出25%以上,是全场最高分群体,对应A。
34题题干:为什么要测量参与者的情绪状态?
定位第四段逻辑:实验测出美感组抽象思维更强,为了搞清楚是什么因素造成该结果——是沉浸欣赏美,还是单纯心情变好?于是测量情绪,发现两组快乐程度无差别,证明影响抽象思维的是对美的深度投入,而非愉悦情绪。
A 了解对艺术的态度;B 识别思维模式(测思维是另一套测试,不是情绪测量目的);C 检测任务难度,均错。D 找出测试结果背后的影响因素,符合实验逻辑。
35题题干:这项关于欣赏艺术的研究核心发现是什么?
全文主线:主动评判艺术品美感会显著提升人的抽象思维能力。
A 加深情感联结;B 需要批判性思维;C 产生积极情绪(原文明确两组幸福感无差异,错误);
D 促进抽象思考,契合实验核心结论。