考研
英语
【长难句每日打卡】day 103
2022-2-ReadingPartA-T3-7-1
文章主题：《大型科技公司的“买了即杀”策略受到政府审查》
However, critics say the big companies use such deals to buy their most threatening potential competitors before their businesses have a chance to gain momentum, in some cases as part of a “buy and kill” tactic to simply close them down.
词汇：
1.critic n.批评家、反对者
2.deal n.交易
3.potantial adj.潜在的
4.threatening adj.威胁的
5.competitor n.竞争者
6.gain v.获得
7.momentum n.势头
8.case n.具体情况、案例
9.tactic n.策略、战术
10.close down v.使停业、停产
【Step 1】找谓语
However, critics say the big companies use such deals to buy their most threatening potential competitors before their businesses have a chance to gain momentum, in some cases as part of a “buy and kill” tactic to simply close them down.
·动词 say 时态：一般现在时
·动词 use 时态：一般现在时
·动词 have 时态：一般现在时
【Step 2】断句
However, critics say[the big companies use such deals to buy their most threatening potential competitors <before their businesses have a chance to gain momentum>, in some cases as part of a “buy and kill” tactic to simply close them down].解析：本句包含2个从句：1个省略连接词的宾语从句；1个before引导的时间状语从句>。
省略连接词的宾语从句：
...say[the big companies use such deals to buy their most threatening potential competitors <before their businesses have a chance to gain momentum>, in some cases as part of a “buy and kill” tactic to simply close them down].
判断方法：1.位置：在动词|介词后；
before引导的时间状语从句：
判断方法：1.位置：1）在句首：状语，完整句；2）在句尾：完整句状语；3）在主谓之间：主语，状语，谓语...；2.功能：表示动词to buy发生的时间】
重点成分标注：
主语：在句首|谓语前
宾语：在动词|介词后
表语：在系动词后
主语：蓝色；谓语：红色；表语：绿色；宾语：紫色；宾补：深蓝
主句：
省略连接词的宾语从句：
...say [the big companies usesuch deals to buy their most threatening potential competitors <...>, in some cases as part of a “buy and kill” tactic to simply close them down].
其中，
1.to buy their most threatening potential competitors_非谓语短语作目的状语，虽然该非谓语短语位于名词|代词后<可能是定语>，但同时也位于句尾<即完整句状语，可能是状语>——因此，此时涉及定语or状语的区分，根据句意，译为状语更为合适<大型企业利用这些交易的目的是收购竞争者”；
2.in some cases_介宾结构作状语，译为“在一些情况下”；
3.as part_相当于宾补，本句句意，把“the big companies usesuch dealsto buy their most threatening potential competitors <...>”这句话，即这件事视作为...的一部分<v A as B中as B是宾补>；
4.of a “buy and kill” tactic_介宾结构作后置定语修饰名词part；
5.to simply close them down_非谓语短语作后置定语修饰名词tactic【判断方法：1.位置：在名词|代词后；2.代入翻译通顺即可，即译为“...的”<简单地将他们关闭的策略>】
before引导的时间状语从句：
【Step 3】翻译
主句：
翻译：然而，批评者认为...
补充：考研英语阅读都是议论型文章，文中经常引用他人观点，当出现“sb v that+观点”时，v即为观点态度词，都可以直接译为“某人认为...”。
省略连接词的宾语从句：
...say [the big companies use such deals to buy their most threatening potential competitors \\<before their businesses have a chance to gain momentum>,\\ in some cases as part of a “buy and kill” tactic \\to simply close them down].
翻译：...认为，大型企业使用这样的交易来购买其最具威胁的潜在竞争者，在他们的业务有机会获得势头之前。
改译：...认为，这些大公司利用这样的交易，在最具危险性的潜在竞争对手有机会形成势头之前将他们买下。
翻译解释：
1.此处涉及时间状语从句的翻译，before...表示动词to buy发生的时间，根据中文善于“先交代时间地点条件等状语，再说发生了什么事”的特点，将其改译为如上译文，即“在...之前买下”；
2.their businesses_指的是competitors' businesses”。
省略连接词的宾语从句：
...say [the big companies use such deals to buy their most threatening potential competitors \\<before their businesses have a chance to gain momentum>,\\ in some cases as part of a “buy and kill” tactic \\to simply close them down].
翻译：在一些情况下，这被视为“买即是杀”策略的一部分，即简单地关闭他们。
改译：在一些情况下，人们把这视为“买即时杀”的一部分，即让他们关门。
翻译解释：初译时，用“这”指代前文，但用了“被”字，为了严谨，添加泛指主语“人们”，从而把“被”替代掉。
【Step 4】整合译文
然而，批评者认为，这些大公司利用这样的交易，在最具危险性的潜在竞争对手有机会形成势头之前将他们买下，在一些情况下，人们把这视为“买即时杀”的一部分，即让他们关门。
【Step 5】润色译文
1.critic n.批评家、反对者
2.deal n.交易
3.potantial adj.潜在的
4.threatening adj.威胁的
5.competitor n.竞争者
6.gain v.获得
7.momentum n.势头
8.case n.具体情况、案例
9.tactic n.策略、战术
10.close down v.使停业、停产
无
END
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