Reading
Module 1
Questions 1-10 of 35
Fill in the missing letters in the paragraph
Ravens are highly intelligent birds known for their problem-solving abilities and complex social behaviors. They u_ _ tools, su_ _ as sti_ _ _, to obt_ _ _ food a_ _ have be_ _ observed enga_ _ _ _ in pla_ _ _ _
behaviors li_ _ sliding o_ snow. Ravens communicate with a wide range of vocalizations, conveying different messages to their peers. Their adaptability allows them to thrive in various environments, from forests to urban areas. Studying raven behavior provides insights into avian intelligence and the evolutionary mechanisms that support cognitive development.
Questions 11-20 of 35
Fill in the missing letters in the paragraph.
Initially, humans used naturally occurring objects as tools (for instance, a sharp stone or a forked stick). Later, peo_ _ _began purpos_ _ _ _ _ _to sh_ _ _ wood a_ _ stone in_ _ _ _ tools. Bec_ _ _ _ of t_ _ perishable nat_ _ _ of wo_ _, modern know_ _ _ _ _ of how it was used in prehistoric times is largely a matter of inference. With tools of stone, however, archaeologists are on firmer ground; there are a vast number of surviving artifacts. Throughout the world, flint was a favored material because of its unusual physical properties.
Questions 21-22 of 35
Read a notice.
Temporary Road Closure
Wellington Street will be closed to all vehicular traffic fromMarch 15 to March 20 for road repaving and maintenancework.
All traffic will be redirected via Broad Street, withsignage in place to guide drivers.We apologize for any inconvenience and encourage residentsand commuters to plan alternate routes.
Questions 21
What can be inferred about Wellington Street?
It is frequently closed for repairs.
It is in poor condition.
It is adjacent to Broad Street.
It lacks pedestrian access.
Questions 22
What is NOT expected of residents?
Avoiding driving on Wellington Street
Contributing to road maintenance
Following signs to use Broad Street
Finding other ways to get around
Questions 23-24 of 35
Read a social media post.
Gawain
In Gawain, Thursday's international film series offering, director Eleri Davies depicts the struggles of a coal mining family in Pembrokeshire, Wales.
The film explores themes of pessimism and resilience and, even as the story veers toward predictability, the exquisite cinematography renders Gawain an essential viewing experience.
Free with university ID.
Questions 23
What is suggested about the film's cinematography?
It compensates for the film's mediocre plot.
It has been nominated for an award.
It does not fully reflect the film's emotional depth.
It overshadows the actors' performances.
Questions 24
Which of the following people may most likely attend the film without paying?
A business owner catering an event on campus
An instructor who teaches at the university
The parent of a student at the university
A local member of the public
Questions 25-27 of 35
Read an article.
At noon yesterday, Summit View University’s quad suddenly erupted into music as fifty dance majors performed a surprise choreographed routine to celebrate Arts Week.
“We wanted to bring joy and energy,” said organizer Leah Ogorzelec, who spent two weeks planning the event in secret. “By all accounts, we succeeded!”
Students gathered in droves, cheering and filming the spectacle. “It made my day,” said freshman Ryan Patel, who shared the video on social media. Within hours, clips of the flash mob were trending, earning thousands of likes and comments.
The performance ended with a dramatic group pose and applause echoing across campus. “It’s all about making art accessible to everyone,” Ms. Ogorzelec explained.
Faculty praised the creativity of the event, calling it a perfect kickoff to Arts Week. The event has sparked conversations about adding more spontaneous art experiences to campus life, proving that a little rhythm can unite an entire community.
Questions 25
What is the main topic of the article?
A unique arts event on campus
A new dance program at a university
Different activities offered at Arts Week
The impact of social media on campus life
Questions 26
What is suggested about the dance performance?
It broke attendance records.
It was not announced to students.
It was attended by famous artists.
It was performed in an auditorium.
Questions 27
What will be a likely result of the dance performance?
The university's quad will regularly be blocked off for gatherings.
Faculty will urge students to get advance approval for any event.
Students will be recruited to make more films about campus life.
Campus life in the future will feature more such events.
Questions 28-30 of 35
Read an advertisement.
Situated in the heart of Paxville, Innovation Plaza is a beacon for student entrepreneurship, designed to nurture sustainable, collaborative, and technologically advanced ventures launched by the next generation of innovators.
We offer co-working spaces and collaboration hubs equipped with ultra-fast Internet and amenities tailored to the unique needs of student-led start-ups.
Strategically located in Paxville’s historic “tri-campus” district, Innovation Plaza proudly holds a platinum certification for eco-friendly design, underscoring our commitment to minimizing environmental impact through innovative green technologies (e.g., solar panels, rainwater harvesting, and efficient heating and cooling). Innovation Plaza thrives as a community for student entrepreneurs, offering exclusive networking events, business plan evaluations, and workshops led by successful founders and industry leaders. Whether you’re launching your first campus-based start-up or scaling a growing student enterprise, our complex provides an unparalleled environment for learning, collaboration, and entrepreneurial success.
For more information, visit www.innovationplaza.co.px or write to info@innovationplaza.co.px.
Questions 28
What is the primary purpose of the advertisement?
To convince high school students to apply to universities located in a particular neighborhood of Paxville
To encourage students to support campus start-ups
To promote a business that provides work and collaboration space for student entrepreneurs
To advocate for the adoption of green technologies by student entrepreneurs
Questions 28
Which of the following systems in Innovation Plaza's facilities does NOT incorporate eco-friendly design?
Its electrical system
Its plumbing system
Its food preparation and storage system
Its heating and air conditioning system
Questions 30
Which type of business would benefit most from services offered by Innovation Plaza?
One that is led by experienced working professionals
One that embraces environmentally conscious and innovative technologies
One that is already well established as a sizeable enterprise
One that is very secretive and therefore unwilling to share details about its operation
Questions 31-35 of 35
Stretching: Benefits and Drawbacks
Stretching has long been championed as integral to physical fitness, widely believed to enhance flexibility and reduce injury risk. However, research supports a more nuanced picture, with the distinction between dynamic and static stretching being particularly critical.
Dynamic stretching, involving controlled, fluid movements through a range of motion, apparently improves athletic performance by priming muscles for activity. In contrast, static stretching, the holding of a position for an extended period, seems to hinder performance of subsequent exercise. Related studies show that static stretching can temporarily reduce muscle strength, likely due to reduced muscle activation through the nervous system and a decrease in muscle stiffness, both of which can impair the ability to generate force. For example, athletes engaging in static pre-competition stretches often exhibit diminished sprint speed and vertical jump height.
There is, however, a key qualification to this contrast: While static stretching may be detrimental before exertion, it remains valuable post-exercise, aiding in recovery and flexibility maintenance. Meanwhile, dynamic stretching not only prepares the body physically but may also enhance coordination and neuromuscular efficiency. The evolving understanding of these techniques challenges the one-size-fits-all approach to stretching, suggesting that timing, context, and type are essential variables in optimizing physical readiness and long-term fitness outcomes.
Questions 31
According to the passage, dynamic stretching may result in all of the following EXCEPT
decreased range of motion
better performance in sports
improved coordination
more efficient communication between nerves and muscles
Questions 32
The word "impair" in the passage is closest in meaning to
aid
reinforce
end
weaken
Questions 33
The passage implies that competitive athletes may most benefit from static stretching when they
need to increase muscle strength
have issues with muscle activation
have completed a training session
are preparing for a sprint
Questions 34
Why does the author refer to "timing, context, and type" in the passage?
To specify factors that must be considered when stretching
To list the variables that affect an athlete's performance
To refer to additional kinds of stretching developed by researchers
To underscore the complexity of factors influencing coordination
Questions 35
Dynamic stretching, involving controlled, fluid movements through a range of motion, apparently improves athletic performance by priming muscles for activity. In contrast, static stretching, the holding of a position for an extended period, seems to hinder performance of subsequent exercise. Related studies show that static stretching can temporarily reduce muscle strength, likely due to reduced muscle activation through the nervous system and a decrease in muscle stiffness, both of which can impair the ability to generate force. For example, athletes engaging in static pre-competition stretches often exhibit diminished sprint speed and vertical jump height.
◼︎ There is, however, a key qualification to this contrast: While static stretching may be detrimental before exertion, it remains valuable post-exercise, aiding in recovery and flexibility maintenance. ◼︎ Meanwhile, dynamic stretching not only prepares the body physically but may also enhance coordination and neuromuscular efficiency. ◼︎ The evolving understanding of these techniques challenges the one-size-fits-all approach to stretching, suggesting that timing, context, and type are essential variables in optimizing physical readiness and long-term fitness outcomes. ◼︎
There are four locations [◼︎] in the passage that indicate where the following sentence could be added.'"
Elite swimmers often perform static stretches after intense training sessions to relieve muscle tightness in the shoulders and hips and prevent overuse injuries.
Where would the sentence best fit? Select a location [◼︎] to add the sentence to the passage."
Module 2
Questions 1-10 of 15
Fill in the missing letters in the paragraph.
Reggae music, originating in Jamaica in the late 1960s, has become a global cultural phenomenon. Rooted in earlier styles like ska and rocksteady, reggae evolved as a voice for the marginalized and against violence and war. Characterized by its distinctive rhy_ _ _ and soci_ _ _ _ conscious lyr_ _ _, the ge_ _ _ addr_ _ _ _ _
themes o_ resistance, pe_ _ _, and spir_ _ _ _ _ unity. Dee_ _ _ connected t_ Jamaican culture, reggae has impacted fashion, language, and political movements. Today, reggae continues to inspire new generations of musicians and activists, maintaining its relevance in a rapidly changing world.
Questions 11-15 of 15
Revolutionizing Patient Care
Health informatics, which integrates information technology and data science to enhance healthcare outcomes, is fundamentally reshaping how care is delivered. The transition from paper-based records to electronic health systems has significantly improved access to patient information and coordination among providers. Physicians can retrieve medical histories instantly, reducing the likelihood of errors and enabling more timely interventions.
This efficiency, however, introduces new complexities. Some critics argue that the growing reliance on digital tools may have the unfortunate side effects of diminishing the role of clinicians' intuition and reducing access to individualized care. For instance, when predictive algorithms assess disease risk using large datasets, they may fail to account for lifestyle choices and other unique patient variables that fall outside standard models. A patient might be flagged as low-risk for diabetes based on age and body mass index, while critical factors like family history or dietary habits are overlooked.
In addition, the design of digital record systems can subtly influence how doctors think, drawing attention to whatever fits neatly into templates and downplaying things that may be harder to quantify. As a result, while informatics can streamline care, it also risks oversimplifying human health, challenging clinicians to stay alert to what the system might miss.
Questions 11
The word "integrates" in the passage is closest in meaning to
improves
produces
requires
combines
Questions 12
The passage mentions all of the following as benefits of "efficiency" EXCEPT
improved communication among medical professionals
reduced reliance on the medical judgment of individuals
lower risk of medical mistakes
faster delivery of medical care
Questions 13
In the second paragraph, what is the relationship between sentence 1 and sentence 2?
Sentence 1 describes changes in health outcomes, and sentence 2 provides examples.
Sentence 1 presents a solution produced by health informatics, and sentence 2 describes flaws in that solution.
Sentence 1 warns of problems related to health informatics, and sentence 2 provides examples.
Sentence 1 notes a challenge that health informatics has solved, and sentence 2 describes new, unresolved challenges.
Questions 14
Why does the passage provide the example of a patient flagged as low-risk for diabetes?
To illustrate how an algorithm might provide an incomplete assessment
To show that body mass index is not a reliable health metric
To suggest that family history is becoming more relevant to modern medicine
To demonstrate the efficiency of digital diagnosis
Questions 15
According to the passage, the tendency of health informatics to emphasize data that "fits neatly into templates" should cause doctors to
watch closely for details that digital systems may not perceive
work harder to streamline medical care
participate in the design of digital records systems
carefully evaluate their own ability to read electronic health data
Listening
Module 1
Q1：
Choose the best response
The platform is to the left.
It goes to the airport.
Every hour on the hour.
I bought my ticket online.
Q2：
Choose the best response
It's too soon to tell.
Yes, I had the same thought.
The coach said something different.
I wouldn't say no to that.
Q3：
Choose the best response
I have a class later today.
Oh, that's great to hear.
Outdoor activities are so much fun.
No, set up a meeting.
Q4：
Choose the best response
Definitely an important book.
Yes, it was very insightful.
No, there were no tropical fruits.
The campus grounds are covered in snow.
Q5：
Choose the best response
Yes, she writes historical fiction.
We're reading a great novel in my literature class.
At the bookshop on Main Street?
I love that author.
Q6：
Choose the best response
She plays the violin very well.
I watched a movie yesterday.
My favorite color is blue.
Yes, I had an audition earlier.
Q7：
Choose the best response
She was a little late.
Sure, that works.
Yes, I found it.
We saw him there.
Q8：
Choose the best response
Apply it to a brush first.
The meeting will begin soon.
Likely during class at some point.
I need more time to finish it.
Q9：
Choose the best response
I have new equipment.
Yes, very much.
Sure, I can help.
A much bigger team.
Q10：
Choose the best response
At the art museum on campus?
Sure, I'll show you a catalog of her works.
I think I misplaced mine.
Where do you like to study?
Q11：
Choose the best response
The meeting is at noon.
I'll check my inbox.
Is it attached?
I will, after lunch.
Q12：
Choose the best response
Dance class is a lot of fun.
Just give me a few minutes to rest first.
Yes, I thought so, too.
Let's meet them at the dance.
Listen to a conversation.
13-14
Q13：
What had the woman previously told the man?
That she had received a good deal on a purchase
That she was not happy with her new paint brushes
That a popular store was going out of business
That the art supply store was not open on Mondays
Q14：
What does the man imply when he says, "Oh, that explains it"?
The woman purchased products of inferior quality.
He was looking in the wrong section of the store.
He visited the store after the sale ended.
The items he wanted had already sold out.
Listen to a conversation.
Q15：
What are the speakers discussing?
Their class schedules
Travel plans for a conference
Campus housing options
Progress on a group report
Q16：
What can be inferred about the woman?
She has never traveled by plane before.
She wants to avoid spending a lot of money.
She is unfamiliar with the destination.
She is still working on a presentation.
17-18
Listen to a conversation.
Q17：
What does the woman imply about some social commentary?
It is too difficult to understand.
It is quite bold.
She disagrees with it.
She is unsurprised by it.
Q18：
What does the woman imply that the man should do?
See an exhibit soon
Buy a new artwork
Read about some progressive ideas
Check some information online
19-
Q19：
What does the speaker imply about the Williams Building?
It will soon be closed for renovations.
It is the largest building on campus.
It is located far away from where the class meets.
It was originally constructed as a dormitory for students.
Q20：
What problem is the speaker most likely addressing by making a change?
Students have been eating during class.
Students have been unable to find parking spaces.
Students have been failing to complete assignments on time.
Students have been arriving late to class.
21-22
Q21：
What can be inferred about the shuttle's previous start time?
It was at seven a.m.
It was after seven a.m.
It was in the evening.
It was too early for students.
Q22：
Why does the speaker mention student feedback?
To provide a reason for the changes to the shuttle service
To invite students to submit their thoughts about the new schedule
To explain why the shuttle service is being discontinued
To describe the process for hiring shuttle drivers
23-24
Q23：
What type of event is the speaker describing?
A music concert
A sports match
A club meeting
A fundraiser
Q24：
What will students receive when they arrive?
A seating assignment
A name tag
An event program
A discount
25-28
Q25：
What is the main topic of the talk?
A problem that was solved by a group of women inventors
A safety concern with nineteenth - century firetrucks
A way to prevent fires in tall buildings
An invention that improved safety in cities
Q26：
Why does the speaker mention a parachute?
To highlight a problem with some designs
To give an example of a modern solution
To give an example of a patented invention
To emphasize the variety of businesses in cities
Q27：
What does the speaker like about Anna Connelly's first design?
It was the least expensive option.
It took into account the origins of most fires.
It had all of the features required by law.
It allowed firefighters to reach higher floors.
Q28：
What does the speaker indicate about fire escapes in newer buildings?
They were inspired by Connelly's second design.
They are constructed with iron supports.
They cannot be seen from the outside.
They do not work as well as Connelly's inventions.
29-32
Q29：
What is the main topic of the talk?
Advantages and disadvantages of indigo for coloring jeans
The role of indigo in British trade and colonial expansion
The history of the indigo trade and indigo's reappearance as a modern commodity
Qualities that make indigo a viable commercial product
Q30：
What factor contributed most to the decline of natural indigo in industrial use?
The effects of climate change on Indigofera plants
Labor shortages in the British Empire
The invention of synthetic indigo
Trade restrictions
Q31：
What explains the appeal of natural indigo in today’s market?
It is seen as good for the environment.
It is the least expensive dye available.
It requires very little processing.
It is used in traditional rituals.
Q32：
Why does the speaker discuss the labor involved in traditional indigo dye extraction?
To explain why indigo processing can be interesting for tourists
To support the claim that indigo is good for traditional economies
To challenge the claim that some producers use harsh chemicals
To introduce one problem with using natural indigo
Module 2
Q1：
Choose the best response
It held my attention the entire time.
I need to finish my homework first.
I was thrilled to see her as well.
That sounds like a great class to take.
Q2：
Choose the best response
Maybe. I'll think about it.
It was crowded.
Can we look at the schedule please?
He'll start a new job soon.
Q3：
Choose the best response
When I have the time.
No, I haven't met them.
It's a new bookshop, I think.
The library extended its hours.
4-5
Q4：
Why is the woman unsure about applying to become a teaching assistant?
She does not enjoy teaching.
She thinks she lacks the necessary experience.
She is only a first-year student.
She is not well organized.
Q5：
Why does the man mention a presentation in an ecology class?
To assure the woman that she communicates well
To recommend that the woman improve her speaking skills
To remind the woman about a course requirement
To explain why he is not applying for a job
6-7
Q6：
What does the man imply when he mentions his roommate?
The man is qualified to be a tutor.
His roommate caused the man to be late for a meeting.
His roommate wants to work at the tutoring center.
The woman should speak with his roommate about volunteering.
Q7：
Why does the man mention a bookstore?
To identify a place he would like to work
To explain why he needs a job
To explain why he was late for a meeting
To clarify a misunderstanding
8-11
Q8：
What aspect of nanotechnology does the speaker mainly address?
Its impact on the natural environment
Its potential to improve standards of living
Its original discovery and evolution as a field of study
Its useful applications and possible problems
Q9：
Why does the speaker mention drug delivery systems?
To give an example of a limitation of nanotechnology
To describe the first medical breakthrough using nanotechnology
To suggest that medical professionals are eager to embrace nanotechnology
To illustrate how nanotechnology is used in the field of medicine
Q10：
What does the speaker suggest about batteries made using nanotechnology?
They are more efficient than traditional batteries.
They can be manufactured more cost-effectively than traditional batteries.
They are created primarily for storing renewable energy sources.
They will likely be the only batteries available to consumers in the near future.
Q11：
What does the speaker say is a potential drawback to nanotechnology?
The high cost of manufacturing using nanomaterials
The inherent difficulty in working with material that is so small
The ease with which nanoparticles can enter biological systems
The health risks associated with working with nanotechnology
12-
Q12：
What is the main topic of the talk?
The spreading of culture across international borders and its impact
Reasons for the transmission of Western culture across the world
The role played by modern technology in connecting different cultures
The potentially negative effects of cultural globalization
Q13：
What does the speaker say about American films?
They sometimes depict foreign cultures inaccurately.
They frequently include elements of cultures found outside the United States.
They are an example of how a country's culture is spread across the world.
They are more popular outside the United States than within it.
Q14：
Why does the speaker talk about cultural appropriation?
To highlight a common benefit of cultural exchange
To present one of the concerns associated with cultural globalization
To emphasize the importance of social media in spreading a country's culture
To explain how people from different cultures come to respect one another
Q15：
What does the speaker suggest about social media?
It is widely recognized as a primary driver of the dominance of Western culture.
It can lead to cultural homogenization if not regulated.
It provides a convenient platform for local cultures to gain global exposure.
It is the primary vehicle for spreading movies, music, and fashion from one country to another.
Writing
Build a Sentence
Move the words in the boxes to create grammatical sentences.
A clock will show you how much time you have to complete this task.
Question 1
Write an Email
You will read some information and use the information to write an email.
You will have 7 minutes to write the email.
You are a student who missed an important lecture in your biology class. You need to catch up on the material and want to ask a classmate, Maria, for her notes and any key information you missed. You also want to thank her in advance for her help.
Write an email to Maria. In your email, do the following:
Explain why you did not attend the lecture.
Request her help and ask her if she has time available to help you catch up.
Thank her in advance for her assistance.
Write as much as you can and in complete sentences.
Your Response:
To: Maria
Subject: Request for Lecture Notes
Question 2
Write for an Academic Discussion
A professor has posted a question about a topic and students have responded with their thoughts and ideas. Make a contribution to the discussion.
You will have 10 minutes to write.
Your professor is teaching a class on marketing. Write a post responding to the professor's question.
In your response, you should do the following.
Express and support your opinion.
Make a contribution to the discussion in your own words.
An effective response will contain at least 100 words.
Professor Diaz
We've been discussing the importance of customer feedback in product development. Gathering feedback can help companies understand customer needs and improve their products. However, some argue that relying too heavily on customer feedback can stifle innovation and lead to mediocre products. What is your opinion on this?
Claire
Customer feedback is essential for product development. It helps companies understand customer needs and preferences, ensuring that products are tailored to the market. Feedback can guide improvements and enhance customer satisfaction.
Kelly
I believe that relying too heavily on customer feedback can stifle innovation. Companies should balance feedback with creative vision to avoid producing mediocre products. Innovation often requires taking risks and pursuing new ideas that customers may not initially recognize.
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