阅读理解 | A篇 | 神舟22号飞船应急发射 |
B篇 | 神舟21号航天员张洪章 | |
C篇 | 神舟21号小鼠航天员 | |
D篇 | 教授航天员桂海潮 | |
E篇 | 太空环境对宇航员健康的影响 | |
F篇 | 中国航天员首次洞穴训练 | |
G篇 | 坐轮椅工程师进入太空 | |
完形填空 | H篇 | 航天员王浩泽励志故事 |
短文填空 | I篇 | 载人登月实验成功 |
首字母填空 | J篇 | 小鼠航天员进入空间站 |
首字母填空 | J篇 | 小鼠航天员进入空间站 |
01 载人航天应急发射与天地往返能力提升
2025年10月31日发射神舟二十一号，11月14日神舟二十号乘组因舷窗疑似受空间碎片撞击，改乘神舟21号返回，11月25日神舟二十二号发射，完成我国载人航天首次应急发射。
02 小行星防御技术研发取得重大突破
2025年9月，在第三届深空探测国际会议上，我国宣布将测试航天器撞击小行星的新技术，成为全球第二个研发该技术的国家，采用 “伴飞--撞击--伴飞” 模式，为地球抵御小行星威胁提供技术支撑。
03 嫦娥七号研制推进，将首次探月南极寻水冰
2026 年我国探月工程四期稳步推进，嫦娥七号探测器进入最终研制发射阶段，该探测器采用 “四器一星” 组合模式，将首次奔赴月球南极，开展水冰探测与月球环境高精度研究，突破多项复杂地形探测关键技术。
04 载人月球探测工程取得多项阶段性突破
2026年2月，我国成功实施长征十号运载火箭低空演示验证与梦舟载人飞船最大动压逃逸飞行试验，载人月球探测工程登月阶段核心装备研制顺利，文昌发射场登月配套设施建设全面推进，为 2030 年前实现中国人登月奠定基础。
05 空间站国际合作深化，首位外籍航天员即将入驻
2026 年4月，中国载人航天首批外籍航天员选拔完成，2 名巴基斯坦籍航天员入选，将于年内来华参训并执行飞行任务。这是中国空间站首次开放国际乘组驻留，标志着我国载人航天从自主运行迈向全球合作新阶段，为多国共建太空平台提供典范。
06 可重复使用火箭技术突破，商业航天进入量产元年
2026年3月，朱雀三号完成垂直起降验证，长征十号乙实现海上回收试验，我国成为少数掌握火箭重复使用核心技术的国家。全年商业发射预计超 60 次，民营火箭承担 30 次以上，发射成本大幅降低，助力低轨卫星互联网规模化组网。
Passage A 神舟22号飞船应急发射
（25-26九年级下·江苏常州·月考）At 12:11 on November 25th (Beijing Time), Shenzhou-22 was sent up successfully from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. The carrier rocket used for this mission was Long March 2FY22, which has a good safety record. Many scientists and workers watched excitedly as the rocket rose into the sky. About 10 minutes later, the spacecraft smoothly separated from the rocket and entered its planned orbit (轨道). A big cheer rose at the control center—this meant the launch mission was a total success.
This was China’s first unmanned emergency (应急的) launch in its manned space program. It was quickly planned because Shenzhou-20’s return capsule window got a crack after being hit by small space rubbish. To solve this problem, Shenzhou-22 carried over 600 kilograms of emergency supplies, like nutritious food, daily-use items such as toothbrushes, and important parts for fixing the space station. It would quickly connect with the space station group all by itself without extra control.
The launch fully showed the strength of China’s “launch one, prepare one” backup system for manned spaceflights. What’s more, it only took about 20 days from making the decision to the final launch. Such a short time showed China’s high efficiency in space missions. After connecting with the space station, Shenzhou-22 will serve as the return ship for the Shenzhou-21 crew and stay in orbit for six months to make sure they can go back to Earth safely.
This successful mission not only effectively protected the in-orbit (在轨的) astronauts but also strongly proved China’s great progress in space technology. It makes every Chinese person feel proud and confident. Our country’s space cause is getting better and better with each new achievement.
1．What made the emergency launch of Shenzhou-22 necessary?
A．The Shenzhou-21 crew needed more daily supplies.
B．A crack appeared in Shenzhou-20’s return capsule window.
C．The space station’s docking (对接) system broke down.
D．The Long March 2FY22 rocket was ready ahead of time.
2．From the passage, we know Shenzhou-22 will serve as the return ship ________.
A．after Shenzhou-21 is repaired wellB．after connecting with the space station
C．after circling Earth for 20 daysD．after Shenzhou-23 is prepared to launch
3．Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．Long March 2FY22 rocket is the first rocket used for emergency launches.
B．The Shenzhou-22 will stay in orbit for one year.
C．The Shenzhou-21 crew will return to Earth aboard Shenzhou-22.
D．The Shenzhou-21 crew helped control Shenzhou-22’s docking.
4．What can we know from the passage?
A．Shenzhou-22 is a manned spacecraft.
B．Shenzhou-22 will stay in orbit for 20 days.
C．The space debris (碎片) hit Shenzhou-21’s return capsule.
D．China’s “launch one, prepare one” mechanism (机制) works well.
【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．D
【导语】本文介绍了神舟二十二号飞船的紧急发射背景、过程及其重要意义，展示了中国在航天技术上的进步与高效。
1．第二段说明原因：“It was quickly planned because Shenzhou-20’s return capsule window got a crack after being hit by small space rubbish.”，所以紧急发射神舟二十二号的原因是神舟二十号返回舱窗口被小型太空垃圾撞击后出现裂缝。
2．第三段明确指出：“After connecting with the space station, Shenzhou-22 will serve as the return ship for the Shenzhou-21 crew”，即神舟二十二号与空间站对接后，将担任神舟二十一号航天员乘组的返回飞船。
3．第三段提到：“Shenzhou-22 will serve as the return ship for the Shenzhou-21 crew”，即神舟二十一号航天员乘组将搭乘神舟二十二号返回地球，C项表述正确。
4．第三段提到：“The launch fully showed the strength of China’s ‘launch one, prepare one’ backup system for manned spaceflights.”，说明这次发射充分展现了中国载人航天“发射一发、备份一发”系统的强大实力，由此推知该机制运行良好，D项表述正确。
