> 专题35 · 2018-2024高考真题124句133例派生合成词再练
本文精选40组高考真题例句,帮你巧借词缀推断词义,考前冲刺必备!
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📌 第一组:巧借词缀推断词义 40例
一、前缀类派生词
1. over-(过度、超过)
① Overtourism(过度旅游)
> Overtourism Is For Real: How Can You Help? [2024·新高考II卷]
过度旅游是真实存在的,你能如何帮助?
② Overvisited(过度游览的)
> Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they're special. [2024·新高考II卷]
过度游览的目的地之所以如此,是有原因的:它们很特别。
③ Over-touristed(过度旅游的)
> The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else. [2024·新高考II卷]
缓解过度旅游目的地压力的最佳方式是去别的地方。
💡 词缀记忆:over- = 过度、超过(如:overwork 过度工作,overeat 暴饮暴食)
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2. per-(贯穿、永久)
④ Permanent(永久的)
> After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered how warm-hearted Italians are. [2024·新高考II卷]
在我把意大利作为永久家园后,我发现意大利人是多么热心。
💡 词缀记忆:per- = 贯穿、始终(如:perfect 完美的,persist 坚持)
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3. attractant-(吸引物)
⑤ Attractant(引诱物)
> Our hope is to have a clean, attractant-free place where bears can pass through without learning bad habits. [2023·全国甲卷]
我们希望有一个干净、无引诱物的地方,让熊可以穿过而不会养成坏习惯。
💡 词缀记忆:attract(吸引)+ -ant(名词后缀,表示"…的人/物")
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4. cor-/con-(共同、一起)
⑥ Correlated(相关的)
> If for whatever reasons, people's errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down. [2023·新高考I卷]
如果由于某种原因,人们的错误变得相关或相互依赖,估计的准确性就会下降。
💡 词缀记忆:cor- = 共同、一起(如:cooperate 合作,combine 结合)
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5. de-(去除、向下)
⑦ De-list(从名单中删除)
> Their recovery has been so successful that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de-list grizzlies... [2023·全国甲卷]
它们的恢复如此成功,以至于美国鱼类和野生动物管理局两次试图将灰熊从名单中删除……
💡 词缀记忆:de- = 去除、否定(如:decrease 减少,defrost 除霜)
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6. dis-(否定、相反)
⑧ Disqualification(取消资格)
> Follow all rules carefully to prevent disqualification. [2020·新高考I卷]
仔细遵守所有规则,以免被取消资格。
💡 词缀记忆:dis- = 否定、相反(如:disagree 不同意,disappear 消失)
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7. em-/en-(使…、赋予)
⑨ Empowered(赋予力量的)
> Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? [2020·全国I卷]
你是否希望最终你会因为自己的生活比他们的更好而感到有力量?
💡 词缀记忆:em-/en- = 使…、赋予(如:enable 使能够,enrich 使丰富)
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8. im-/in-(否定、向内)
⑩ Imperfection(不完美)
> Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled paper. [2022·新高考Ⅱ卷]
然而,学会与不完美共存,你会省去很多头痛和满纸篓的皱纸。
⑪ Indistinguishable(无法区分的)
> AI has been described as so advanced that it is indistinguishable from humans. [2022·天津6月卷]
人工智能被描述为如此先进,以至于无法与人类区分。
⑫ Insignificant(不重要的、无意义的)
> The differences between most of the groups were statistically insignificant... [2021·全国乙卷]
大多数组之间的差异在统计上不显著……
💡 词缀记忆:im-/in- = 否定(如:impossible 不可能,incorrect 不正确)
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9. inter-(相互、之间)
⑬ Interconnectedness(相互关联)
> We begin to see the interconnectedness of one thing to another in all aspects of our life... [2021·天津3月卷]
我们开始看到生活中各个方面事物之间的相互关联……
⑭ Interdependence(相互依赖)
> This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball. [2019·北京卷]
这种任务相互依赖性使棒球区别于足球和篮球。
⑮ Interplays(相互作用)
> ...the product of a complex interplays of things like biological change and cultural evolution... [2022·新高考I卷]
……生物变化和文化进化等事物复杂相互作用的结果……
💡 词缀记忆:inter- = 相互、之间(如:international 国际的,interact 互动)
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10. ir-(否定)
⑯ Irregularities(不规则、异常)
> The clock registers both short-term irregularities and long trends in river dynamics. [2021·北京卷]
这个时钟记录了河流动态的短期不规则性和长期趋势。
💡 词缀记忆:ir- = 否定(用于r开头的词前,如:irregular 不规则的,irresponsible 不负责任的)
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二、后缀类派生词
11. -able/-ible(可…的)
⑰ Irresistible(不可抗拒的)
> ...Lincoln's home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, has proved irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. [2021·浙江6月卷]
……林肯在伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的故居自向公众开放以来,对游客来说是不可抗拒的。
💡 词缀记忆:-able/-ible = 可…的(如:readable 可读的,flexible 灵活的)
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12. -al(形容词/名词后缀)
⑱ Multicultural(多元文化的)
> In New York, a multicultural city, students like me are blessed with a chance to work with a diverse population. [2022·浙江6月卷]
在纽约这座多元文化的城市,像我这样的学生有幸有机会与多样化的人群一起工作。
💡 词缀记忆:-al = …的(如:cultural 文化的,national 国家的)
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13. -generational(世代的)
⑲ Multigenerational(多代的)
> ...one of a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under the same roof. [2020·全国Ⅲ卷]
……英国越来越多生活在同一屋檐下的多代家庭之一。
💡 词缀记忆:multi- = 多(如:multimedia 多媒体,multinational 跨国的)
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14. -verbal(言语的)
⑳ Non-verbal(非言语的)
> Moreover, the meanings seem to not go beyond what other animals convey with non-verbal communication. [2021·浙江1月卷]
此外,这些意义似乎并没有超越其他动物通过非言语交流传达的内容。
💡 词缀记忆:non- = 非、不(如:non-fiction 非小说,non-stop 直达的)
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15. -set(…的)
㉑ Off-set(幕外的)/ Off-set training(幕外训练)
> ...it's the off-set training and living conditions that are raising concerns. [2020·全国Ⅲ卷]
……正是幕外训练和生活条件引起了担忧。
💡 词缀记忆:off- = 离开、远离(如:offstage 幕后的,offline 离线的)
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16. -pace(步伐)
㉒ Outpaced(超越)
> Since the early days of AI, imagination has outpaced what is possible or even probable. [2020·北京卷]
自人工智能早期以来,想象力已经超越了可能甚至 probable 的范围。
💡 词缀记忆:out- = 超过、向外(如:outrun 跑赢,outgrow 长得比…快)
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17. -visit(参观)
㉓ Post-visit(参观后的)
> Participation in a post-visit survey is required. [2022·新高考Ⅱ卷]
需要参加参观后的调查。