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2012 英语二翻译真题
Translation
【单词&短语】
migrationn.移民;迁移
prospectn.前景;可能性;预期
departuren.离开;出发;离职
Silicon Valley专有名词硅谷(美国高科技产业中心)
immigration rules名词短语移民政策/ 法规
privilegev.给予特权;优先考虑;优待
well-educatedadj.受过良好教育的
emigratev.移居国外;移民(离开本国)
householdn.家庭;住户
compared with介词短语与…… 相比
brain drain固定搭配人才流失
policymakern.政策制定者;决策者
deprivev.剥夺;使丧失
skilled workers名词短语技术工人;熟练工人
come up with动词短语想出;提出;创造出
【逐句翻译】
第1 句
Whenpeople in developing countries worry about migration,they are usually concerned at the prospect of their best and brightest departure to Silicon Valley or to hospitals and universities in the developed world.
【结构分析】
主句:they are usually concerned at the prospect
时间状语从句:When people in developing countries worry about migration
后置定语:of their best and brightest departure 修饰 prospect
并列地点状语:to Silicon Valley or to hospitals and universities in the developed world 修饰 departure
【翻译要点】
"best and brightest" 此处为名词化用法,译为 "最优秀、最聪明的人才",而非字面的 "最好的和最亮的"
"concerned at the prospect of" 译为 "担心…… 的可能性" 或 "担忧…… 的前景"
"departure to" 译为 "前往……",比直译 "离开去……" 更符合中文表达习惯
【参考译文】
当发展中国家的人们担心移民问题时,他们通常担忧的是本国最优秀、最聪明的人才会前往硅谷,或是发达国家的医院和大学。
第2 句
These are the kind of workersthat countries like Britain, Canada and Australia try to attract by using immigration rulesthat privilege college graduates.
【结构分析】(双重定语从句)
主句:These are the kind of workers
第一层定语从句:that countries like Britain, Canada and Australia try to attract 修饰 workers
方式状语:by using immigration rules
第二层定语从句:that privilege college graduates 修饰 immigration rules
【翻译要点】
Ø"privilege college graduates" 译为 "优先考虑大学毕业生" 或 "给予大学毕业生移民特权"
Ø中文习惯将定语从句转化为独立分句,避免过长的前置定语
【参考译文】
这类人才正是英国、加拿大和澳大利亚等国试图通过优先考虑大学毕业生的移民政策来吸引的对象。
第3 句
Lots of studies have foundthat well-educated people from developing countries are particularly likely to emigrate.
【结构分析】
主句:Lots of studies have found that...
宾语从句:that well-educated people from developing countries are particularly likely to emigrate
【翻译要点】
Ø"be particularly likely to do sth" 译为 "尤其有可能做某事"
Ø"emigrate" 与前文 "migration" 的区别:emigrate 特指 "离开本国移居国外",migration 是泛指 "移民"
【参考译文】
大量研究发现,发展中国家受过良好教育的人尤其有可能移居国外。
第4 句
原文:A big survey of Indian households in 2004 found that nearly 40% of emigrants hadmore than a high-school education, compared with around 3.3% of all Indians over the age of 25.
【结构分析】
主句:A big survey of Indian households in 2004 found that...
宾语从句:that nearly 40% of emigrants had more than a high-school education
比较状语:compared with around 3.3% of all Indians over the age of 25
【翻译要点】
Ø"compared with" 译为 "相比之下" 或 "而"
Ø"over the age of 25" 译为 "25 岁以上的"
【参考译文】
2004 年对印度家庭进行的一项大型调查发现,近 40% 的移民拥有高中以上学历,而在所有 25 岁以上的印度人中,这一比例仅为 3.3% 左右。
第5 句
原文:This "brain drain" has long bothered policymakers in poor countries.
【翻译要点】
Ø"brain drain" 是固定术语,必须译为 "人才流失"
Ø"has long bothered" 译为 "长期困扰着"
【参考译文】
这种"人才流失" 现象长期困扰着贫穷国家的政策制定者。
第6 句(全文最长难句)
原文:They fear thatit hurts their economies, depriving them of much-needed skilled workerswhocould have taughtat their universities, worked in their hospitals andcome up withclever new products for their factories to make.
【结构分析】
主句:They fear that...
宾语从句:that it hurts their economies
结果状语:depriving them of much-needed skilled workers(现在分词短语作结果状语)
定语从句:who could have taught at their universities, worked in their hospitals and come up with clever new products for their factories to make 修饰 skilled workers
定语从句中包含三个并列的谓语动词:taught, worked, come up with
【翻译要点文】
Ø"it" 指代前文的 "brain drain",翻译时需明确译为 "人才流失"
Ø"depriving them of" 译为 "使他们失去了"
Ø"could have done" 是虚拟语气,表示 "本来可以做某事(但实际上没有做)",翻译时要体现出这种遗憾的语气
Ø"clever new products" 译为 "巧妙的新产品" 或 "创新产品"
【参考译文】
他们担心人才流失会损害本国经济,使他们失去急需的技术工人—— 这些人本可以在本国的大学任教、在医院工作,还能为工厂研发出巧妙的新产品。
【全文参考译文】
当发展中国家的人们担心移民问题时,他们通常担忧的是本国最优秀、最聪明的人才会前往硅谷,或是发达国家的医院和大学。这类人才正是英国、加拿大和澳大利亚等国试图通过优先考虑大学毕业生的移民政策来吸引的对象。
大量研究发现,发展中国家受过良好教育的人尤其有可能移居国外。2004 年对印度家庭进行的一项大型调查发现,近 40% 的移民拥有高中以上学历,而在所有 25 岁以上的印度人中,这一比例仅为 3.3% 左右。这种 "人才流失" 现象长期困扰着贫穷国家的政策制定者。他们担心人才流失会损害本国经济,使他们失去急需的技术工人 —— 这些人本可以在本国的大学任教、在医院工作,还能为工厂研发出巧妙的新产品。
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