2026 中考英语 “阅读理解” 专题特训!精讲易错考点

【一】

 At some point in life, many people develop a mental （精神） problem. 

While most people get over it, for others it doesn't go away easily. 

 The WHO says that about 20 percent of teenagers worldwide suffer from mental illness. It's thought that the number of teenagers with mental illness around the world will increase by half by 2020. It will become one of the main causes of illness, and even death. 

 In China, the picture isn't bright, either. About one tenth of teenagers under the age of 17 have a mental health challenge. 

 The world is changing fast. Study and relationships have always caused stress, but today the stress is much higher than before, the WHO said. 

 A research centre in Oxford University says that young people today have big stresses at school. For example, they experience bullying （欺凌）. In a 2017 report, the centre noted that the Internet was a special source （渠道） of stress. Online, young people often see "messages about perfection" and this causes the young "great uncertainty about their futures", says the centre. 

 Also, according to China Daily, Chinese people don't ask for help with their mental problems. They fear that others will think less of them if they say that they are in mental trouble. Elaine Peng, a US mental health educator, makes a similar point. And in the UK, over three quarters of young people believe their mental problems have a social stigma. It is reported in 2017 that a quarter of young UK people wouldn't ask for help if they developed a mental problem. 

 Young people who don't ask for help for their condition may be creating problems for themselves in the future. Elaine Peng warned that, "If we hide our mental health, it may remain a problem forever."

 "My message for young people is, if you feel something is wrong within you—ask for help," he told China Daily. 

（1）Which of the following is NOT the cause of stress according to the passage? 

A.Heavy schoolwork

B.Being bullied at school.

C.Some information from the Internet.             

D.Certainty about the future.

（2）Why don't Chinese people ask for help with their mental problems? 

A.They don't think them serious.                      

B. They can get over them in time.

C.They can keep their mental health secret.    

D.They are afraid of being looked down upon.

（3）What does the underlined word "stigma" most probably mean in Chinese? 

A.羞耻    B. 印象     C. 援助    D. 危害

（4）Elaine Peng advised the teenagers with mental illness to ______. 

A.think less of themselves                    

B. avoid being bullied

C.ask for help as soon as possible      

D. stay away from the Internet.

（5）The main purpose of the passage is to ______. 

A.ask research centers for help   

B.tell about teenagers' stresses

C.call public attention on teenagers with mental illness

D.show some different opinions from different countries

【答案】（1）D（2）D（3）A（4）C（5）C   

【解析】大意：本文讲述世界上许多人有精神疾病，到2020年世界上有一半的青少年患精神方面的疾病。精神疾病将成为主要的疾病甚至导致死亡，研究表明引起精神异常的原因是压力过大而没有及时找医生疏导导致的。

（1）细节题。根据young people today have big stresses at school. they experience bullying （欺凌）. the Internet was a special source （渠道） of stress.可知，研究表明压力的原因来自于过重的学业，学校的欺凌，已经互联网上一些不良信息导致的，D描述与原文不一致，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据 They fear that others will think less of them if they say that they are in mental trouble.可知，他们害怕其他人瞧不起他们，故选D。

（3）词义猜测题。根据And in the UK, over three quarters of young people believe their mental problems have a social stigma.可知，在英国，超过4分之三的年轻人认为他们的精神疾病是社会的耻辱，推出stigma的意思是“羞耻”，故选A。

（4）推断题。根据If we hide our mental health, it may remain a problem forever.可知，如果躲避我们的精神健康，它可能拥有是一个问题，推出Elaine Peng建议患有精神疾病的青少年应尽快就医，故选C。

（5）推断题。通过分析可知，作者讲述世界上越来越多的青少年患有精神疾病目的是唤起全社会对患有精神异常的青少年关注，故选C。

【二】

 My first day of school was very interesting and couldn't be easily forgotten. I went to my science class in the morning and found a seat in the back. I waited there for 15 minutes before the bell rang. The science teacher told us about some class rules. No one talked to me and I didn't talk to anyone else. I was one of those very shy girls. After the science class, I had an English class. I thought it would be boring but later I found it very funny. When the classes of the morning ended I went to lunch. I sat outside the dining room with no one to talk to and no food because I was too nervous to join the lunch line. I kept looking around hoping to see someone I knew but I never saw anyone.

 Lunch ended and I went to have my art class. I was the first one there and not even my teacher was there yet. So I sat at my desk and started drawing some pictures. I didn't notice the rest of the class walking in or the girl that was standing behind me till I was surprised by the voice, "So what are you drawing?" It was a girl who had really long hair. She ended up being my best friend and one of the kindest and liveliest girls I know.

 In the next class meeting, the teacher asked us to talk about the past holiday. I was glad to make some new friends in the class. The first day of high school was hard for me but I got through it.

（1）What do we know about the writer's science class? 

A.She was 15 minutes late for it.                        

B.She learned some class rules.

C.She made some new friends.                          

D. She sat in the front row.

（2）According to the writer, the English class was .      

A.boring         B. interesting      C. hard              D. useful

（3）The writer had no lunch because she .            

A.wasn't hungry               

B. forgot the lunch time

C.was afraid to stand in line        D. didn't like the dining room

（4）In the art class, the writer .            

A.got to know a lively girl       

B.talked about her past holiday

C.met someone she knew before        

D.drew some pictures about her class

（5）What was the writer's first class in the afternoon? 

A.The class meeting.         B. The English class.         C. The science class.         D. The art class.

【答案】（1）B（2）B（3）C（4）A（5）D  

【解析】文章大意：介绍了自己上学的第一天的学校生活经历，有趣而难忘。

（1）细节理解题。根据文中语句The science teacher told us about some class rules。No one talked to me nor did I talk to anyone else。科学老师给我们讲了一些课堂规则，没有人和我交谈，也没有和其他人交谈。可知她学会了一些班级规则。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据第三行句子I thought it would be boring but it turned out to be very funny。我以为那会很无聊，但结果很有趣，可知英语课是有趣的。故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据第四行句子because I was too nervous to join the lunch line。因为我太紧张了，不能参加午餐队伍。可知作者没有吃午饭，因为她不敢排队。故选C。

（4）细节理解题。根据第二段句子It was a girl who had really long hair。 She ended up being my best friend，那是一个长头发的女孩。她最终成为我最好的朋友，可知作者在美术课上结识了一个好朋友，故选A。

（5）细节理解题。根据第二段句子 Lunch ended and I went to have my art class。午餐结束了，我去上美术课。可知下午第一节课是美术课。故选D。 

【三】

 As we all know, English is an important subject in middle school. Everyone knows that they must learn English well, but some people don't know how to learn it well. Here are some suggestions which may help you with your English.

 The biggest problem is people's own fear. They worry that they won't say things correctly or that they will look foolish so that they don't speak English at all. Don't be afraid of being laughed at. Only if we aren't afraid of making mistakes can we learn English well.

 The fastest way to learn something is to do it again and again until you get it right. Learning English needs practice. Don't let a little fear stop you from getting what you want.

 The best way to learn English is to have a good environment. Take notes in English, put English books around your room, listen to English radios, watch English news, movies and TV programs. Speak English with your friends whenever you can. The more English materials that you have around you, the faster you will learn it.

 Many people think that exercises and tests aren't much fun. However, by doing exercises and taking tests you can really improve your English. If you never test yourself, you will never know how much you are making progress.

（1）The biggest problem of learning English is ________. 

A.not knowing how to learn

B.being afraid of being laughed at

C.looking foolish

D.making mistakes

（2）The fastest way to learn English well is ________. 

A.practicing over and over again

B.listening to it every day

C.going over the fear

D.going to a foreign country

（3）To create a good environment, you need to do many things except ________. 

A.putting English books around your room

B.listening to English radios

C.watching English news and movies

D.speaking English with your friends only in class

（4）According to the passage, English exercises and tests are ________. 

A.very necessary              B. not helpful at all              

C. very boring              D. not important

（5）How many suggestions on how to learn English are mentioned according to the passage? 

A.Two                B. Three                   C. Four                     D. Five

【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）D（4）A（5）C   

【解析】短文大意：这篇短文介绍了帮助我们学习英语的几点建议。

（1）细节理解题。根据文中"The biggest problem is people's own fear"和"They worry that they won't say things correctly or that they will look foolish"及"Don't be afraid of being laughed at"可知，最大的问题是人们自己的恐惧心理。他们担心自己不能正确地说对句子，或者他们会看起来很蠢，不要害怕被人嘲笑。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据文中"The fastest way to learn something is to do it again and again until you get it right"和"Learning English needs practice"可知，学东西最快的方法是一次次地所，直到做正确。学习英语需要练习（即反复练习）。故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据文中Speak English with your friends whenever you can可知，在任何可能的地方都跟朋友说英语。可知选项D叙述不符合文章的内容，故选D。

（4）细节理解题。根据文中"However, by doing exercises and taking tests you can really improve your English"可知，通过做练习和参加测验，你真地可以提高英语。故选A。

（5）细节理解题。根据第二段中Don't be afraid of being laughed at和第三段中learning English needs practice及第四段中The best way to learn English is to have a good environment还有最后一段中However, by doing exercises and taking tests you can really improve your English可知，文章提出如下建议：不要害怕被嘲笑；学习英语需要反复练习；创造一个良好的学习环境；做练习并参加测验，共四条。故选C。 

【四】

   Have you ever wanted to achieve a goal and ended up doing lots of research on how to achieve it? As you learned more and more. It seemed you knew less and less. That is because when you learned a new concept（概念）. You found that there was a lot more to know about it.

 Usually, people think they need to get more and more information before trying a new idea. There is nothing wrong with learning a lot, but when you let learning get in the way of doing, you will never get going.

 One of the best ways to learn is to take action and learn from the results that you get from those actions. Don't be afraid of not being perfect and just take the first step. You will go further than those who are still in preparation. It's good to be prepared, but over-preparation in trying to reach a goal won't get you results. The knowledge and skills that you will need will be picked up along the way.

 If a baby wants to learn how to walk, it doesn't do it by just sitting there and thinking about how to walk. The best way for a baby to walk is to actually get up and start walking. Sure it may fall, but with every fall, it learns what is working and what is not and adjusts（调整）to it. By doing this over and over, it will finally learn to walk. This is the method you should use when you want to achieve your goals as well. It works.

 Learning more is great but if all you're doing is learning and not taking action, it's time to change that. Just take the first step.

（1）When you learned something new, you found there was  to know about it.            

A.less     B. nothing     C. everything      D. more

（2）Which is NOT true according to the passage? 

A.People need to learn a lot before trying a new idea.

B.One of the best ways to learn is to take action.

C.Learning has nothing to do with doing.

D.Over-preparation is not good for reaching a goal.

（3）A baby should  when it wants to learn how to walk.            

A.get up and start walking

B.sit there and think about how to walk

C.learn from its parents

D.read books about how to walk

（4）We can usually read the passage in .            

A.a storybook       B. a newspaper  

C.an advertisement    D. a guidebook

（5）The purpose of the passage is .            

A.to tell us how to learn more

B.to tell us how to be successful

C.to talk about the importance of doing

D.to talk about the importance of learning

【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）A（4）B（5）C  

【解析】本文告诉我们一个道理，最后的学习方法是从行为结果中去学习。

（1）细节题。根据  As you learned more and more. It seemed you knew less and less.随着你学得越来越多。看来你知道的越来越少了，可知当你学到新东西时你发现有更多的东西要知道  ， 故选D。

（2）细节题。根据One of the best ways to learn is to take action and learn from the results that you get from those actions 学习的最好方法之一是采取行动，从这些行动中获得的结果中学习，可知学习与做无关是错的  ， 故选C。

（3）细节题。根据 The best way for a baby to walk is to actually get up and start walking可知，当婴儿想学会走路时，就应该站起来开始走，故选A。

（4）推理题。根据本文是告诉我们一个道理，故会在报纸上看到这篇文章，故选B。

（5）主旨题。本文告诉我们一个道理，最后的学习方法是从行为结果中去学习，故本文是谈论做的重要性 ，故选C。

【五】

 Many cars in advertisements are red, blue or green but almost 75 percent of new cars sold are black, white, silver or grey.

 A survey shows people prefer the car colors that don't show dirt such as grey. That means the owners can wash their cars less, saving money. Besides, some areas that are short of water do not allow people to wash their cars often.

 According to another survey, white cars are often sold more than cars of other colors. In China, car buyers say white makes a small car look bigger. Car buyers in other countries also like white. And the research also suggests that there is a lower risk of accidents during the day for white cars compared with darker ones. People also think the temperature inside white cars is lower than that in cars of other colors.

 At present, every year about 11 percent of cars sold are red and 8 percent are blue. Green has become less popular. In the mid 1990s, green was the most popular color in many places of the world. But today, green cars are hard to find.

 Sometime in the future, people may not have to choose the color of their car technology may let owners change their car's paint color anytime.

（1）You can often seecars in advertisements.            

A.white B. black C. red  D. silver

（2）Car buyers choose grey because they.            

A.can wash their cars less                                    

B. don't need to wash cars

C.can pay less money for cars                             

D. don't allow washing cars

（3）According to the passage, white cars look than those of other colors.            

A.safer        B. darker    C. cheaper      D. bigger

（4）Green cars.            

A.make up 11% of the cars sold                         B. are hard to find all the time

C.were the most popular in the mid 1990s        

D. were less popular than blue cars in the past

（5）In the future, we can.            

A.choose cars in all colors                                   B. paint our cars any color anywhere

C.buy cars in all colors                                        D. change our car's paint color anytime

【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）A（4）C（5）D   

【解析】大意：本文讲述车的颜色，以及使用某些颜色的原因。

（1）细节题。根据Many cars in advertisements are red,可知，广告里的车的颜色是经常是红色的，故选C。

（2）细节题。根据A survey shows people prefer the car colors that don't show dirt such as grey. That means the owners can wash their cars less, 可知，车的用户选择灰色的车，因为他们可以更少洗车，故选A。

（3）细节题。根据the research also suggests that there is a lower risk of accidents during the day for white cars compared with darker ones.可知，研究表明白色的车比其他颜色的车更安全，故选A。

（4）推断题。根据In the mid 1990s, green was the most popular color in many places of the world. 可知，在20世纪90年代绿色的是世纪很多地方最受欢迎的颜色，推出绿色的车那时应该是最受欢迎的，故选C。

（5）细节题。根据Sometime in the future, people may not have to choose the color of their car technology may let owners change their car's paint color anytime.可知，将来，我们可以在任何时候改变我们车的漆的颜色，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题和推断题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题需要从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

【六】

 What subject do you worry about the most at school? Many students worry about math. Some students can't sleep well the day before a math exam. Others may feel very nervous during the exam itself. But there might be a way to make the subject less stressful（压力大的）.

 "For people who are worried about math, posture （姿势） makes a big difference," Erik Paper from San Francisco State University told the Daily Mail. That's right – sitting up straight can help you do better on math exams.

 Scientists tested 125 college students. They asked them to do a simple math exam while sitting in a slumped-over （趴倒的） posture, or sitting up straight. After the test, 56 percent of students said the exam was easier to do if they were sitting up straight.

 Slumping over is a defensive（戒备的） posture. It can bring about bad memories in the body and brain. This can stop you from thinking clearly, Paper said.

 Students who were not nervous about taking the math exam did not necessarily benefit（受益） from better posture. But they did find that doing math while slumped over was more difficult, Science Daily reported.

 Good posture isn't just helpful for taking math exams. Sportspeople, musicians and public speakers can all benefit from better posture. When you feel stressed out, you can also try to sit up straight or stand tall. It can help you feel more certain and focus better.

（1）What posture can make people feel less stressed during math exams? 

A.Sitting up straight.B. Hanging your head.

C.Lying on your back.D. Raising one hand.

（2）What did the scientists ask the college students to do during the test? 

A.To do sit-ups.B. To count numbers.

C.To think carefully.D. To sit in different postures.

（3）How many students in the test benefited from the better posture? 

A.All the 125 students.                                        B. Less than half of them.

C.56 percent of them.D. None of the students.

（4）The fourth paragraph is written to explain.  

A.why slumping over makes exams harder to do

B.why slumping over is bad for one's health

C.why some people slump over during exams

D.why people are nervous during math exams

（5）Which of the following is the best title for the passage? 

A.Slump over to Take Exams                               B. Sit up to Do Math

C.Better Posture for Nervous Students         

D. Good Advice for Better Exams

【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）C（4）A（5）B   

【解析】本文介绍 姿势不仅有助于参加数学考试。运动员、音乐家和演说家都可以从更好的姿势中受益。当你感到压力大的时候，你也可以试着坐直或者站直。它可以帮助你更确定，更专注。

（1）细节题。根据 For people who are worried about math, posture （姿势） makes a big difference 和That's right – sitting up straight can help you do better on math exams. 可知坐直可以让人们在数学考试中感觉压力更小 ，故选A。

（2）推理题。根据 They asked them to do a simple math exam while sitting in a slumped-over （趴倒的） posture, or sitting up straight. 可知科学家在测试中要求大学生以不同的姿势坐着，故选D。

（3）细节题。根据 After the test, 56 percent of students said the exam was easier to do if they were sitting up straight 可知56%的参加测试的学生从更好的姿势中受益 ，故选C。

（4）主旨题。根据 Slumping over is a defensive（戒备的） posture. It can bring about bad memories in the body and brain. This can stop you from thinking clearly, 可知第四段是用来解释为什么睡懒觉会让考试变得更难，故选A。

（5）主旨题。根据本文教室里姿势有助于参加数学考试和 the exam was easier to do if they were sitting up straight ，可知标题适合是 Sit up to Do Math 坐起来做数学 ，故选B。