初中英语2026届中考常考重点短语和高频易错点

英语重点短语和易错点

一、常考重点短语

【核心动词短语】

1.Agree 系列

agree with 同意某人的看法或观点

agree to (do) sth 同意做某事

agree on/about 就……达成一致

2.Break 系列

break down 发生故障，崩溃

break off 突然终止，中断

break up 粉碎，破碎，解散

3.Call 系列

call (sb.) back 给某人回电话

call in 召来，叫来

call on 号召，拜访

call up 打电话给某人

4.Come 系列

come across 偶然遇见或发现

come back 回来

come from 来自

come in 进来

come out 出来，出版

come on 来吧，赶快，加油

come over 顺便来访，过来

come to 苏醒，达到，共计

come up 出现，上升

come up with 想出（主意），提出

5.Cut 系列

cut down 砍倒，削减

cut in 插嘴，插队

cut off 切除，切断（水源、电源等）

cut out 删除，删去

cut up 切碎

6.Fall 系列

fall behind 落后

fall down 突然倒下，跌倒

fall into 掉进……里

fall off 从……掉下来

fall asleep 入睡

fall ill 患病，病倒

fall in love with 爱上……

【感官与视觉动词】（Look / See）

7.Look 系列

look after 照顾

look around 向四周看

look at 看

look back 回头看，回顾

look down 向下看

look down on/upon 看不起某人

look for 寻找

look into 调查，研究

look like 看起来像

look out 留神，当心

look over 检查

look through 浏览

look up 查找，抬头看

look up to 尊敬

look forward to 期待，盼望

【移动与变化动词】（Get / Give / Keep）

8.Get 系列

get back 返回，回来

get down 下降

get off 下车

get on 上车，取得进展

get out 逃离，外出

get over 克服

get to 到达

get up 起床

get out of 从……出来，摆脱

get along/on well with 与……相处融洽

get away from 逃离，摆脱

9.Give 系列

give away 捐赠，泄露

give back 归还，恢复

give in 屈服，让步

give off 发出（光、热、气味等）

give out 分发，散发

give up 放弃（做某事）

give birth to 生育，产生

10.Keep 系列

keep...away 使……远离

keep away from 避免接近

keep on 坚持

keep out 不让……进入

keep up with 赶上，和……保持联系

keep in touch with 与……保持联系

keep one's cool 沉住气，保持冷静

keep an eye on 留意，密切注视

keep...to oneself 保守秘密

【生活常用动作】（Make / Play / Put）

11.Make 系列

make dinner 做晚饭

make friends 结交朋友

make money 赚钱

make a noise 制造噪音

make progress 取得进步

make rules 制定规则

make soup 做汤

make tea 泡茶

12.Play 系列

play with 和……玩耍

play chess 下国际象棋

play music 演奏/播放音乐

play sports 做运动

play football/basketball 踢足球/打篮球

play computer games 玩电脑游戏

play a role/part in 在……中起作用/扮演角色

play a joke on sb 开某人的玩笑

13.Put 系列

put away 放好，收拾

put down 放下，写下

put off 推迟

put on 穿上，戴上，上演

put out 熄灭，扑灭

put up 张贴，搭建，举起

【状态与行程动词】（Set / Stay / Take）

14.Set 系列

set off 动身，出发，使爆炸

set out 出发，启程

set up 创办，建立

set a goal 设立目标

15.Stay 系列

stay out 留在外面

stay up 熬夜

stay with 同……住在一起

stay away from 与……保持距离

stay/keep calm 保持镇定

stay at home 待在家里

16.Take 系列（高频重点）

take after （外貌或行为）像

take away 拿走

take back 退还，收回

take care 当心

take down 记下，取下

take in 吸收，吞入

take off 脱下（衣服），（飞机等）起飞

take out 取出，除掉

take up 从事，着手处理，占用

take action 采取行动

take notes 记笔记

take place 发生

take turns 轮流

take...seriously 认真对待

take a break 休息一下

take a message 捎口信

take a photo 拍照

take a risk 冒险

take a shower 洗淋浴

take a trip 去旅行

take a vacation 去度假

take a walk 散步

take the subway/bus 乘地铁/公交

take one's order 点菜

take one's place 替换，取代

take one's temperature 量体温

take care of 照顾，照料

take part in 参加

【思维与变化动词】（Think / Turn）

17.Think 系列

think of 认为，想起

think up 想出

think about 思考

think over 仔细考虑

think twice 再三考虑

18.Turn 系列

turn around 转身，调头

turn up 调高（音量），出现

turn down 调低（音量），拒绝

turn off 关掉

turn on 打开

turn into 变成

turn out 结果是

turn over 翻身，翻转

turn to 翻到，转向，求助于

turn left/right 向左/右转

二、高频易错点

1.to 介词短语（后跟doing）

look forward to doing 期待

pay attention to doing 注意

be used to doing 习惯

stick to doing 坚持

hold on to doing 坚持

2.跟doing的动词

enjoy 喜欢

consider 考虑

avoid 避免

mind 介意

suggest 建议

practice 练习

finish 结束

spend time doing 花时间做某事

be busy doing 忙于做某事

feel like doing 想要做某事

keep doing 不断做某事

3.花费时间做某事

Spend time doing

It takes sb some time to do sth

4.使役动词和感官动词后to要省略

一感：feel

二听：hear；listen to

三让：make；let；have

四看：watch；see；look at；notice

但变被动语态需加上to，常见词组：

sb be made to do

sb be seen to do

5.形容词变副词（不规则变化）

1）元音字母+e结尾，去e + ly：true—truly

2）le结尾，去e + y：simple—simply；possible—possibly；terrible—terribly；probable—probably

6.三个used区分

1）used to do 过去常常做某事

例：My grandfather used to tell me interesting stories about his childhood every evening.

2）be used to do 被用于做某事

例：Knives are used to cut things, but you should be careful when using them.

3）be used to doing 习惯做某事

例：She is used to walking to school every day.

7.if的两种用法

1）如果，引导条件状语从句，主将从现

例：If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go on a picnic in the park.

2）是否，用于宾语从句

例：I don't know if it will rain tomorrow.

8.现在完成时

结构：have/has done

标志词：

ever, never, yet, already, recently, since+过去时间点或一般过去时态的句子；for+时间段；in the past/last few years, so far, by now

例：

I haven't seen him since he left for Shanghai.

Our school has changed a lot in the past few years.

9.过去完成时

结构：had done

标志词：

by+过去时间点（by 2023）

by the time + 过去时态句子

by the end of+过去时间点

before+过去时间点

10.进行时

结构：be + doing

现在进行时标志词：

now, right now, look!, listen!, at the moment, these days

过去进行时标志词：

at that time, at this time yesterday, from 8 to 9 yesterday, when/while引导的时间状语从句

11.阻止某人做某事

stop sb from doing

keep sb from doing

prevent sb from doing

12.让某事被做

get / have sth done

例：

Lily should have her hair cut.

Teenagers shouldn't be allowed to get their ears pierced.

13.it作形式宾语的结构

think / make / find + it + 形容词 +（for sb）to do sth

例：

I think it necessary to finish homework on time.

I find it hard to learn grammar well.

Modern phones make it easy for us to talk with friends.

14.it作形式主语的结构

It is + adj +（for sb）to do sth 对某人来说做某事是怎么样的

例：

It is important for us to learn English well.

It is easy for him to finish the work.

It is difficult for children to stay up late.

It is necessary for us to exercise every day.

It is dangerous to swim in the river.

15.比较级

标志词：

1）than, far, much, even, a little

2）the+比较级，the+比较级 越…就越…

变y为i+er/est的形容词：

happy, early, heavy, easy, healthy

16.最高级

结构：

1）one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数（注意：谓语动词用单数）

2）in… 在…以内

3）of + 同类

例：

He is the tallest boy in our class.

He is the tallest boy of all the boys.

17.被动语态

1）情态动词被动语态：should/could/would/may/might + be + done（注意be动词不进行时态语态变化）

2）一般过去时被动语态：was/were + done（注意主语单复数）

3）一般将来时被动语态：will be + done（注意be动词不进行时态语态变化）

18.lie过去式过去分词

lie—lied—lied v.说谎

lie—lay—lain v.存在，平躺

lay—laid—laid v.安置，产卵，下蛋

19.to do/doing意义不同

forget to do 忘记要做某事

forget doing 忘记做过某事

remember to do 记住要做某事

remember doing 记住做过某事

stop to do 停下来去做另一件事

stop doing 停下手中的事

20.提供

provide sth for sb = provide sb with sth 为某人提供某物

offer sth to sb 为某人提供某物

offer to do sth 主动做…

21.compete与compare

compete：

v.与…竞争

compete with sb

competition n.竞争

completely adv.彻底地，完全地

compare：

v.与…比较

compare A with B

22.时间/地点介词

at 用于时间点（at 7:00）

on 用于日期/星期（on Monday）

in 用于月份/年份（in 2024）

arrive in + 大地点（城市）

arrive at + 小地点（学校）

23.易错名词单复数

child—children

sheep—sheep

Chinese—Chinese

leaf—leaves

man—men

woman—women

German—Germans

24.冠词

a/an分别用在辅音音素和元音音素之前，表"一（个）"

例：an hour, a university

25.就近原则

neither...nor...两者都不

not only...but also...不但…而且…

either...or...两者中任何一个

there be 有

26.make的用法

① make sb/sth + 形容词 使某人/物（变得）

例：make me happy

② make sb/sth + do 使某人/物（做）

例：make you cry

27.by的用法

① by + 名词/代词/doing 用…方法、途径

例：I learn English by listening to music.

② by sb.表示"被；由"（被动语态中引出动作执行者）

例：The novel was written by Mo Yan.

28.代词

人称代词：

主格（作主语）：I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they

宾格（动词/介词后）：me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them

物主代词：后加名词

反身代词（与主语一致）：

myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves

29.famous

be famous for + 原因 因…而出名

be famous as + 职业 作为…而闻名

30.to do/doing意义不同（补充）

go on doing 继续做同一件事

go on to do 接着做另一件事

mean doing 意味着做某事

mean to do 打算做某事

regret doing 后悔做过某事

regret to do 遗憾要做某事（常跟say/tell/inform）

try doing 尝试做某事（看效果）

try to do 努力做某事（克服困难）

31.延续性动词与非延续性动词（现在完成时易错点）

非延续性动词（die, buy, borrow, leave, arrive等）不能与for+时间段连用，需转换成延续性表达：

die → be dead

buy → have

borrow → keep

leave → be away

arrive → be here/there

begin/start → be on

join → be in / be a member of

例：He has been dead for three years.（不能用 has died）

32.so...that / such...that 如此…以至于

so + 形容词/副词 + that

such + 名词短语 + that

例：

She is so kind that everyone likes her.

She is such a kind girl that everyone likes her.

易考搭配：

so many + 可数名词复数 + that

so much + 不可数名词 + that

33.主谓一致的特殊情况

1）动名词/不定式作主语，谓语用单数

例：Reading books is fun.

2）either of / neither of + 名词复数，谓语动词用单数

例：Neither of them is right.

3）the number of + 名词复数 + 谓语用单数（…的数量）

例：The number of students is 50.

a number of + 名词复数 + 谓语用复数（许多…）

例：A number of students are playing outside.

34.宾语从句三要素

1）连接词：that（陈述句）、if/whether（一般疑问句）、wh-词（特殊疑问句）

2）语序：陈述语序（主语+谓语）

3）时态呼应：主句过去时，从句用相应的过去时态；客观真理永远用一般现在时

例：He said the earth goes around the sun.

35.感叹句结构

What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 +（主语 + 谓语）！

How + 形容词/副词 +（主语 + 谓语）！

例：

What a beautiful flower (it is)!

How beautiful the flower is!

36.不定代词用法区分

few / a few + 可数名词复数：few几乎没有（否定），a few有几个（肯定）

little / a little + 不可数名词：little几乎没有（否定），a little有一点（肯定）

37.hundred/thousand/million等数量词

前面有具体数字时用单数：two hundred

表示概数时加s，跟of：hundreds of 成百上千的

38.常见的否定转移

think, believe, suppose, expect等词接宾语从句时，否定要前移：

例：I don't think he is right.（而不是 I think he isn't right.）