考研
英语
【长难句每日打卡】day 92
2023-2-ReadingPartA-T1-6-2
文章主题：《切尔西花展中被禁用，塑料草坪正渐渐失宠》
However, the use of artificial grass must comply with the legal and policy safeguards in place to protect biodiversity and ensure sustainable drainage, while measures such as the strengthened biodiversity duty should serve to encourage public authorities to consider sustainable alternatives.”
词汇：
【Step 1】找谓语
However, the use of artificial grass must comply with the legal and policy safeguards in place to protect biodiversity and ensure sustainable drainage, while measures such as the strengthened biodiversity duty should serve to encourage public authorities to consider sustainable alternatives.”
·动词短语 must comply with 情态
·动词 should serve 情态
【Step 2】断句
However, [the use of artificial grass must comply with the legal and policy safeguards in place to protect biodiversity and ensure sustainable drainage], while [measures such as the strengthened biodiversity duty should serve to encourage public authorities to consider sustainable alternatives].”
解析：本句是由while连接的两个并列句，while在本句中译为“而”。
重点成分标注：
主语：在句首|谓语前
宾语：在动词|介词后
表语：在系动词后
主语：蓝色；谓语：红色；表语：绿色；宾语：紫色；宾补：深蓝
并列句1:
However, the use of artificial grass must comply with the legal and policy safeguards in place to protect biodiversity and ensure sustainable drainage,...
其中，
1.of artificial grass——介宾结构作后置定语修饰名词the use；
2.in place——介宾结构作后置定语修饰名词短语the legal and policy safeguards【判断方法：1.位置：在名词|代词后；2.代入翻译通顺即可，即译为“...的” <在运作的法律和政策保护——即现有的法律和政策保障措施>】
3.to protect biodiversity and ensure sustainable drainage——非谓语短语作目的状语，表示主句“遵守法律和政策保障措施的目的”【判断方法：1.位置：⓵在句首：状语，完整句；⓶在句尾：完整句状语；⓷在主谓之间：主语，状语，谓语...；2.功能：表目的，即为了保护生物多样性和确保可持续排水】
并列句2:
...while measures such as the strengthened biodiversity duty should serve to encourage public authorities to consider sustainable alternatives.”
其中，
1.such as the strengthened biodiversity duty ——对measures进行举例说明；
2.to consider sustainable alternatives——非谓语短语作public authorities的宾补 <encourage sb to do sth鼓励某人做某事>。
【Step 3】翻译
并列句1:
However, the use of artificial grass must comply with the legal and policy safeguards in place \\ to protect biodiversity and ensure sustainable drainage,...
先译主干：然而，使用必须遵守法律和政策保护。
改译：然而，使用必须遵守法律和政策保障措施。
翻译解释：“遵守保护”不搭配，遵守的应该是“规定、规章等”，safeguard名词有“保护措施”的含意，因此“遵守某项措施”也OK。
添加修饰：然而，人造草坪的使用必须遵守现有的法律和政策保障措施，以保护生物多样性和确保可持续性排水。
并列句2:
...while measures such as the strengthened biodiversity duty \\ should serve to encourage public authorities to consider sustainable alternatives.”
先译主干：而措施应该有助于鼓励公共当局。
添加修饰：而比如加强的生物多样性责任等措施，应该有助于鼓励公共当局考虑可持续的可供选择的事物。
改译：而诸如强化生物多样性责任等措施，应该有助于鼓励公共当局考虑可持续的替代方案。
翻译解释：
1.the strengthened biodiversity duty——strengthened是非谓语作前置定语修饰名词短语biodiversity duty——直译“加强的生物多样性责任”——实则是“强化生物多样性责任” <注意：“加强责任”不太合适，责任应是“强化”，再比如：压实责任、明确责任等>；
2. alternatives——替代方案 <直接记住得了>。
【Step 4】整合译文
然而，人造草坪的使用必须遵守现有的法律和政策保障措施，以保护生物多样性和确保可持续性排水；而诸如强化生物多样性责任等措施，应该有助于鼓励公共当局考虑可持续的替代方案。
【Step 5】润色译文
1.protect biodiversity 保护生物多样性
END
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