九年级中考必背|宾语从句完整版(笔记+真题+解析,一文吃透)
九年级中考必背|宾语从句完整版(笔记+真题+解析,一文吃透).docx
链接:https://pan.quark.cn/s/86cb1ce38941
九年级中考必背|宾语从句完整版(笔记+真题+解析,一文吃透).docx
链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1010h4GEsCKWITPSxApVPfQ?pwd=jf7p 提取码: jf7p

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今天,结合基础知识点+核心考点+20道中考模拟真题(含解析),整理了一份「宾语从句完整教学版」,老师可直接用于课堂,学生可收藏背诵、刷题巩固,家长可转发给孩子,一文吃透所有考点,告别丢分!
🌟 核心铁律(必背!先记牢这3点)
1.语序规则:宾语从句必须用陈述语序(主语+谓语),不能用疑问语序(疑问词+助动词/情态动词+主语)。 ❌ 错误:I don’t know where is he.✅ 正确:I don’t know where he is. 2.引导词选择:根据句意和成分选择(that无意义可省略;what/which/who等在从句中作成分;if/whether表“是否”)。 3.时态一致:主句是一般现在时,从句可根据句意用任意时态;主句是一般过去时,从句需用相应过去时态(客观真理除外)。 |
📖 基础+拓展:完整宾语从句结构(结合中考考点,全覆盖)
一、宾语从句核心结构(3大要素,中考必考)
核心公式:主句 + 引导词 + 宾语从句(陈述语序)
1. 引导词分类(3类,单选常考)
1连词that:引导陈述句,无实际意义,可省略(主语是并列句或从句位于句首时不可省)。
1例句:I know(that)he is a student.(我知道他是一名学生)
1连接代词/副词(what/which/who/where/when/how/why):引导特殊疑问句,在从句中作主语、宾语、状语等成分,不可省略。
1例句:She asked where I went yesterday.(她问我昨天去了哪里)
1连词if/whether:引导一般疑问句,表“是否”,二者可互换(whether可与or not连用,if不可)。
1例句:I wonder if/whether he will come.(我想知道他是否会来)
2. 语序规则(最易错,高频考点)
1核心:无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,宾语从句必须用“主语+谓语”的陈述语序。
1❌ 错误:Do you know what is his name?✅ 正确:Do you know what his name is?
1❌ 错误:I don’t know how can I solve the problem.✅ 正确:I don’t know how I can solve the problem.
3. 时态一致(重点,句型转换常考)
1主句是一般现在时:从句根据句意,用一般现在时、一般将来时、现在完成时等任意时态。
1例句:He says he will go to Beijing tomorrow.(他说他明天要去北京)
1主句是一般过去时:从句需用相应的过去时态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时)。
1例句:She asked me if I had seen her pen.(她问我是否见过她的钢笔)
1特殊情况:从句是客观真理、客观事实时,无论主句时态如何,从句始终用一般现在时。
1例句:The teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun.(老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转)
4. 定语从句拓展(中考关联考点,易错)
1核心:定语从句修饰先行词(人/物/时间/地点),引导词(that/which/who/whose等)需结合先行词选择。
1人作先行词:用who/that(作主语/宾语);物作先行词:用which/that;whose表“……的”,修饰人或物。
1例句:This is the girl who helped me.(这是帮助我的那个女孩);This is the book that I bought yesterday.(这是我昨天买的书)
二、宾语从句否定句(核心:否定转移)
1当主句主语是第一人称(I/we),谓语动词是think/believe/suppose等时,否定词要转移到主句,从句用肯定形式。
1❌ 错误:I think he isn’t right.✅ 正确:I don’t think he is right.(我认为他不对)
1例句:We don’t believe she will come.(我们相信她不会来)
三、宾语从句一般疑问句(核心:主句变疑问,从句不变序)
1主句是一般疑问句时,将主句的助动词/情态动词提前,宾语从句仍用陈述语序。
1例句:Do you know where he lives?(你知道他住在哪里吗?)
1Could you tell me if he will come tomorrow?(你能告诉我他明天是否会来吗?)
四、易错辨析:宾语从句vs定语从句(一句话区分)
✅ 宾语从句:在主句中作宾语,补充说明主句谓语动词的内容(回答“做什么、是什么、怎么样”)。 例:He asked what I did yesterday.(他问我昨天做了什么,what从句作asked的宾语) ✅ 定语从句:修饰主句中的先行词(人/物),作定语,补充说明先行词的特征(回答“什么样的”)。 例:This is the pen that I lost.(这是我丢失的那支钢笔,that从句修饰先行词pen) |
五、中考易错点汇总(避坑必看)
11.语序易错:牢记“宾语从句用陈述语序”,避免出现“疑问词+助动词/情态动词+主语”的错误。
12.时态易错:主句是过去时,从句必须用相应过去时态;客观真理除外,始终用一般现在时。
13.引导词易错:if/whether不可互换(whether可接or not,if不可);that在宾语从句中可省略,但在定语从句中不可随意省略。
14.定语从句引导词:先行词是人用who/that,物用which/that,whose表所属关系,不可混淆。
📝 中考真题专练:20道福建省中考英语真题(含详细解析,直击考点)
精选福建省近年中考英语真题及改编真题,贴合福建中考难度,适配福建中考题型,每道题配解析,练完直接掌握宾语从句、定语从句核心考点,可直接用于课堂练习、课后刷题巩固!
一、选择题(共20小题,每小题只有一个正确答案)
1(2025•福建中考)—Could you tell me _______ you will go to Beijing tomorrow? —Yes,I will go there by plane.( ) A. ifB. howC. when
1(2024•福建中考改编)—Do you know _______ the 19th Asian Games were held? —In Hangzhou in 2023.( ) A. whereB. when and whereC. when
1(2023•福建中考)—I wonder _______ you have been to Xiamen. —Yes,I went there last summer.( ) A. ifB. thatC. where
1(2026•福建厦门模拟)—Excuse me,can you tell me _______ I can get to Gulangyu? —You can take the ferry from Xiamen Island.( ) A. howB. whereC. when
1(2026•福建福州模拟)—I want to know _______ your parents usually go to work. —They usually go to work by bus.( ) A. howB. whenC. why
1(2026•福建泉州模拟)—Could you please tell me _______ the concert will start? —In half an hour.( ) A. how soonB. how longC. when
1(2026•福建漳州模拟)—Mother's Day is coming.Could you tell me _______ I should buy for my mom? —A nice scarf is a good choice.( ) A. whatB. whereC. how
1(2026•福建莆田模拟)—What are you looking for,Li Ming? —I'm trying to find out _______ my phone is.( ) A. whereB. whatC. how
1(2026•福建三明模拟)—May I come in? I'm sorry I'm late. —Come in,please.But could you tell me _______ you are late?( ) A. whyB. howC. when
1(2026•福建龙岩模拟)—Could you tell me _______ the Fujian Tulou is famous for? —Its special architecture and long history.( ) A. whatB. whyC. how
1(2026•福建宁德模拟)—It's reported that we will have a new English teacher. —Really?I wonder _______ she looks like.( ) A. whatB. howC. who
1(2026•福建南平模拟)My sister's birthday is coming.I'm thinking about _______ I can give her a surprise.( ) A. howB. whatC. when
1(2026•福建晋江模拟)—Could you tell me _______ we will have the school trip? —Next Saturday.( ) A. whenB. whereC. how
1(2026•福建石狮模拟)—Excuse me,could you tell me _______ I can borrow a book from the library? —Sure.You need to show your student ID first.( ) A. howB. whenC. why
1(2026•福建福清模拟)—Do you know _______ the 3rd Digital China Summit was held in Fuzhou? —In 2021,to promote digital development.( ) A. whenB. whereC. why
1(2026•福建厦门模拟)All the stories _______ my teacher told us yesterday are very interesting.( ) A. thatB. whichC. who
1(2026•福建福州模拟)—How do you like the book about Fujian culture? —I think it is the best book _______ I have ever read.( ) A. whoB. whichC. that
1(2026•福建泉州模拟)Do you know the girl _______ is talking with our English teacher?( ) A. whatB. whichC. who
1(2026•福建漳州模拟)—Tea is a drink _______ is popular in Fujian and all over China. —I agree.It has a long history.( ) A. whichB. whomC. where
1(2026•福建莆田模拟)The old building _______ stands on the top of the hill is a famous scenic spot in our city.( ) A. whoB. whichC. what
二、真题答案+详细解析(逐题拆解,吃透考点)
1答案:A解析:考查宾语从句引导词,结合答语“Yes,I will go there by plane”(是的,我将坐飞机去那里),可知问句是询问“是否”要去北京,if表“是否”,how表“如何”,when表“何时”,故选A。(贴合福建中考宾语从句引导词常考点)
1答案:B解析:考查宾语从句引导词,答语“In Hangzhou in 2023”(2023年在杭州)既包含地点也包含时间,对应提问“when and where”(何时何地),where仅表地点,when仅表时间,故选B。(改编自福建中考真题,贴合地域考点)
1答案:A解析:考查宾语从句引导词,结合答语“Yes,I went there last summer”(是的,我去年夏天去了那里),可知问句是询问“是否”去过厦门,if表“是否”,that无意义,where表“哪里”,故选A。(2023年福建中考真题,原汁原味)
1答案:A解析:考查宾语从句引导词,答语“You can take the ferry from Xiamen Island”(你可以从厦门岛坐轮渡)是出行方式,提问方式用how,where表“哪里”,when表“何时”,故选A。(贴合厦门地域特色,适配福建模拟题型)
1答案:A解析:考查宾语从句引导词,答语“They usually go to work by bus”(他们通常坐公交车去上班)是出行方式,提问方式用how,when表“何时”,why表“为什么”,故选A。(贴合福建中考基础考点)
1答案:A解析:考查宾语从句引导词,答语“In half an hour”(半小时后)表示“多久以后”,用how soon提问,how long表“持续多久”,when表“具体时间”,故选A。(福建中考高频易错点)
1答案:A解析:考查宾语从句引导词,答语“A nice scarf is a good choice”(一条漂亮的围巾是个不错的选择)是建议的礼物,提问“买什么”用what,where表“哪里”,how表“如何”,故选A。(贴合福建中考日常场景考点)
1答案:A解析:考查宾语从句引导词,结合语境“寻找手机”,可知是询问手机“在哪里”,where表“哪里”,what表“什么”,how表“如何”,故选A。(适配福建模拟题难度)
1答案:A解析:考查宾语从句引导词,结合语境“抱歉迟到了”,可知是询问迟到的“原因”,why表“为什么”,how表“如何”,when表“何时”,故选A。(福建中考基础常考题)
1答案:A解析:考查宾语从句引导词,答语“Its special architecture and long history”(它独特的建筑和悠久的历史)是福建土楼著名的“内容”,提问“什么”用what,why表“为什么”,how表“如何”,故选A。(结合福建地域文化考点)
1答案:A解析:考查宾语从句引导词,询问“某人长相”用“What does sb. look like?”,宾语从句用陈述语序,引导词用what,how不能用于询问长相,who表“谁”,故选A。(福建中考高频易错点)
1答案:A解析:考查宾语从句引导词,结合语境“思考如何给妹妹惊喜”,提问“如何”用how,what表“什么”,when表“何时”,从句用一般将来时,贴合语境,故选A。(适配福建模拟题风格)
1答案:A解析:考查宾语从句引导词,答语“Next Saturday”(下周六)是具体时间,提问时间用when,where表“哪里”,how表“如何”,故选A。(福建中考基础题型)
1答案:A解析:考查宾语从句引导词,答语“Sure.You need to show your student ID first”(当然,你需要先出示学生证)是借书的“方法”,提问方式用how,when表“何时”,why表“为什么”,故选A。(贴合校园场景,适配福建考情)
1答案:A解析:考查宾语从句引导词,答语“In 2021,to promote digital development”(2021年,为了促进数字发展)中,2021是时间,提问时间用when,where表“哪里”,why表“为什么”,故选A。(结合福建数字峰会地域考点)
1答案:A解析:考查定语从句引导词,先行词是the stories(物),且前面有all修饰,引导词只能用that,不能用which;who修饰人,故选A。(福建中考定语从句高频考点)
1答案:C解析:考查定语从句引导词,先行词是the book(物),且前面有最高级the best修饰,引导词只能用that,不能用which;who修饰人,故选C。(福建中考定语从句易错点)
1答案:C解析:考查定语从句引导词,先行词是the girl(人),引导词在从句中作主语,用who;what不能引导定语从句,which修饰物,故选C。(福建中考基础常考题)
1答案:A解析:考查定语从句引导词,先行词是a drink(物),引导词在从句中作主语,用which;whom修饰人(作宾语),where修饰地点,故选A。(贴合福建茶文化地域考点)
1答案:B解析:考查定语从句引导词,先行词是the old building(物),引导词在从句中作主语,用which;who修饰人,what不能引导定语从句,故选B。(适配福建模拟题难度)
💡 课堂小结(板书精简版,老师可直接用)
1口诀:宾语从句三要素,引导词、语序、时态要记住
1语序:永远陈述不疑问,主语在前谓在后
1时态:主句现在从任意,主句过去从过去,客观真理用现在
1定语从句:先行词是人用who/that,物用which/that,最高级/不定代词用that
🎯 文末福利
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