考研
英语
【长难句每日打卡】day 91
2022-2-ReadingPartA-T2-1-3
文章主题：《美国掀起“不退休”潮流》
Even more surprising is that more than half of “unretirees” — those who plan to work in retirement or went back to work after retiring — said they would be employed in their later years even if they had enough money to settle down, the survey showed.
词汇：
【Step 1】找谓语
Even more surprising is that more than half of “unretirees” — those who plan to work in retirement or went back to work after retiring — said they would be employed in their later years even if they had enough money to settle down, the survey showed.·动词 is 时态：一般现在时
·动词 plan<时态：一般现在时> or went back<时态：一般过去时>
·动词 said 时态：一般过去时
·动词 would be employed 时态：一般过去将来时+语态：被动语态
·动词 had 时态：一般过去时
·动词 showed 时态：一般过去时
【Step 2】断句
Even more surprising is[that more than half of “unretirees” — those <who plan to work in retirement or went back to work after retiring>— said <they would be employed in their later years |even if they had enough money to settle down|>], the survey showed.
解析：本句的主句是the survey showed，其前面所有内容<即even more surprising...to settle down>都是showed的宾语，即宾语从句，也就是调查显示的结果；
在该句中还包含以下几个从句：1.that引导的主语从句；2.who引导的定语从句；3.省略连接词的宾语从句；4.even if引导的让步状语从句。
that引导的主语从句：
Even more surprising is[that more than half of “unretirees” —those...— said <...>]
本句话的谓语动词是is，那么按常理来讲，在句首|谓语前的就应该是主语，可是此句处于句首|谓语前的部分是一个形容词，即Even more surprising；
我们都知道形容词是不能作主语的<补充作主语的常见结构：名词、代词、to do sth、doing sth、从句>；
故此处应是出现了表语的倒装现象，即把主系表写成了表系主，因此本句真正的主语是谓语动词后面的that从句，那么that从句即为主语从句。
who引导的定语从句：
省略连接词的宾语从句：
said<they would be employed in their later years |...|>
even if引导的让步状语从句：
they would be employed in their later years |even if they had enough money to settle down|
重点成分标注：
主语：在句首|谓语前
宾语：在动词|介词后
表语：在系动词后
主语：蓝色；谓语：红色；表语：绿色；宾语：紫色；宾补：深蓝
主句
宾语从句
Even more surprising is[...]
that引导的主语从句：
[that more than half of “unretirees” —those...—said<...>]
其中，
1.that只起到连接主从句的作用，不在从句中充当成分；
2.双破折号部分为插入语，those..是对unretirees进行的补充解释说明。
who引导的定语从句：
省略连接词的宾语从句：
<theywould be employedin their later years |...|>
其中，
1.in their later years——介宾结构作时间状语，表示would be employed的时间。
even if引导的让步状语从句：
|even iftheyhad enough money to settle down|
【Step 3】翻译
Even more surprising is[that more than half of “unretirees” — those <who plan to work in retirement or went back to work after retiring >— said <they would be employed in their later years |even if they had enough money to settle down|>], the survey showed.
宾语从句
Even more surprising is[...]
翻译：甚至更令人惊讶的是...
that引导的主语从句：
[that more than half of “unretirees” —those...—said<...>]
翻译：超过一半的“不退休者”——那些人...——说...
who引导的定语从句：
翻译：那些人计划在退休后工作，或者在退休后返回工作。
翻译解释：此处涉及定语从句的翻译：定语从句词数超过8个词通常采取后置译法，即单独成句+重复先行词。
even if引导的让步状语从句：
they would be employed in their later years |even if they had enough money to settle down|
主句
【Step 4】整合译文
【Step 5】润色译文
Even more surprising is[that more than half of “unretirees” — those <who plan to work in retirement or went back to work after retiring>— said <they would be employed in their later years |even if they had enough money to settle down|>], the survey showed.
翻译解释：
1.最终在调整译文时，根据语义连贯性，灵活调整了“调查显示”四个字的位置；
2.要注意plan to work in retirement和went back to work after retiring这两个部分的时态：
plan to work in retirement反映出有一部分人尚未退休，这只是他们退休后的打算；went back to work after retiring利用过去时，表示这部分人已经退休且也已经再就业。
补充：in retirement和after retiring的区别：了解即可！
·after retiring侧重于动作和时间点，指退休后做了什么事，如文中的“退休后重返就业”；
·in retirement侧重于状态，指退休后，想维持怎样的状态或生活方式，如文中的“打算再就业”。
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END
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