上周 UNIT 1 生态与濒危物种(这里)的答案已发布,做完的同学记得去核对(还没做的点这里)。
南昌自从迈入五月后,樟树和柚子树的香味在各个小区和街道蔓延开来,整座城市都浸泡在这种迷人的香气里。

植物没有腿,不能像动物一样迁徙避寒,但它们有自己的生存智慧:通过光周期判断季节、用气孔调节水分、甚至改变叶片结构来应对干旱。这些看似简单的机制,在托福考试中却是高频考点。
做题说明
建议计时练习,单篇用时控制在1.5-2分钟
每个空格后的括号数字 = 该单词的总字母数(例:popul _ _ _ _ _ (10) → 一个10个字母的单词)
⚠️ 真实考试中没有括号和数字提示,而是用下划线数量来提示缺失的字母数量,这里为方便编辑做了替代处理
答案+词汇精讲放在文末
练习目的
速度训练
单独计时这一大题,目标是又快又稳,为后面的选择题节省时间。
拼写+变体检测
单纯背单词无法实时检测拼写和词形变化(如三单、过去式、复数),做真题能立刻暴露这些盲区。
真题复现率极高
这一大题经常考同一篇文章的变体,甚至同一个单词(比如encompass目前已考到不下三次)。多做真题 = 在这一板块多拿基础分。
真题时间
6.
The reaction of plants and animals to sunlight and seasonal changes, known as photoperiodism or seasonality, is vital to many biological and behavioral processes. Photoperiods, toge_ _ _ _(8) with tempe_ _ _ _(11) changes, imp___(6) seasonal migr_ _ ___(9), mating rit_ ___(7), and hiber_ _ _ _ __(11). In ma__(4) birds, hor_ _ ___(7) levels incr_ _ ___(8) in spr_ _ _(6), which leads to an increase in singing frequency in males and mating behaviors. Photoperiodism allows plants and animals to respond to changes in the environment associated with changing seasons and varying day length.
7.
Plants have tiny holes called stomata on their leaves and stems that allow them to take in carbon dioxide from the air and release oxygen into the air. How_ _ _(7), stomata c_ _(3) also l_ _(3) water vapor esc_ _ _(6), which cau_ _(6) problems i_(2) dry enviro_ _ _ _ _(12). To man_ __(6) this, dur_ __(6) hot per_ _ _ _(7) when water loss is especially severe, some plants close their stomata temporarily. Another special adaptation is thick, waxy coatings on plant leaves that help conserve water.
8.

Crop rotation is a farming technique that involves growing a series of different types of crops in the same area across a sequence of seasons. Different crops use different nutrients from the soil, so rotating them prevents the soil from becoming depleted. Th_(4) method he_(5) to red_(6) pests a _ _(3) diseases; i_(2) also decr_ _ _ _(9) the ne_ _(4) for chem_ _ _(8) fertilizers, prom_ _ _ _ _(9) sustainable agric_ _ _ _ _ _(10). Farmers use this practice to improve crop yields and maintain healthy soil.
9.
Glaciers play a crucial role in Earth’s climate and ecosystems. They store about 70% of the planet’s freshwater and help regulate global temperatures by reflecting sunlight. As they move, glaciers shape lands_ _ _ _(10), carving va_ _ _(7) and transp_ _(9) sediment. Th_ _(3) seasonal me_ _ _ _ _(7) feeds ri_ _(6) and la_ _ _(5), supporting agri_ _ _ _ _(12) and wild_ _ _ _(8). Glaciers se_ _ _(5) as indicators of climate change-rapid melting signals shifts in global temperatures. Studying glaciers helps scientists understand past climate patterns and predict future environmental impacts, making them vital to global research.
10.

(答案在文末,翻页小心)
考点梳理
植物对环境的适应机制(stomata, photoperiodism, adaptation) 农业技术与可持续发展(decompose, crop rotation, fertilizer, sustainable agriculture) 生态系统中的作用(vegetation, biodiversity, ecosystem, nutrient cycle) 气候变化的影响(glacier melting, freshwater, climate patterns)
词根词缀
前缀:photo-(光)、bio-(生命)、agri-(农业)、de- (向下/分解)
后缀:-ism(现象/主义)、-ation(名词)、-al(形容词)、-ing(动名词)
词根:migr(迁移)、hiber(冬眠)、temper(温度)、cycl-(循环)
temperature/ˈtemprətʃə(r)/ n. 温度(中间的字母 e 容易漏掉,注意 tem-per-a-ture 的结构)
migration/maɪˈɡreɪʃn/ n. 迁徙(注意动词是 migrate,名词变结尾为 -ation)
hibernation/ˌhaɪbəˈneɪʃn/ n. 冬眠(11个字母,注意 hiber- 开头,不要拼成 hyper-)
environments/ɪnˈvaɪrənmənts/ n. 环境(注意中间的 n 不要漏掉;填空题中常以复数形式出现)
decreases/dɪˈkriːsɪz/ v. 减少(三单形式结尾是 -ses,容易少写一个 s)
chemical/ˈkemɪkl/ adj. 化学的(注意 ch 发 /k/ 的音)
agriculture/ˈæɡrɪkʌltʃə(r)/ n. 农业(注意是 agri- 而不是 agro-)
landscapes/ˈlændskeɪps/ n. 地貌;风景(复数形式,注意 -scape 的拼写)
agriculture/ˈæɡrɪkʌltʃə(r)/ n. 农业(再次考到)
glaciers/ˈɡlæsiəz/ n. 冰川(注意 -cier 的拼写,发音容易导致拼写错误)
photosynthesis/ˌfəʊtəʊˈsɪnθəsɪs/ n. 光合作用(超级难词:photo- [光] + synthesis [合成],注意 -syn- 的拼写)
decomposing/ˌdiːkəmˈpəʊzɪŋ/ v. 分解(现在分词去掉结尾的 e 加 -ing)
essential/ɪˈsenʃl/ adj. 极其重要的(注意 -tial 结尾,与Unit 1中的 crucial [-cial] 形成对比记忆)
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