2025年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国I卷）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One August afternoon,I sat in my kitchen staring at a glass vase that hadn’t seen daylight since my wedding.
My husband and I had just sold our house and we were busy 41.______ the beloved home our family had spent 23 years filling up.We had decided on key items for the 42.______ we were moving to in town,donated what we could,and rented a place to 43.______ our supposedly important objects.That left a house still 44.______ with things that, while not particularly
45.______,didn’t belong in a landfill(垃圾填埋场).I took a picture of the vase and posted it online,for $10.A couple of messages came in,one wanting additional 46.______,another asking for a price cut.As our 47.______day drew near,I settled on a new price($0)and reposted it.The 48.______:“I hate this vase.Maybe you won’t.”In an instant,a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase.
49.______,I posted more.My daily posts and the 50.______ I received became a precious ray of light in the chaos of my house.Each exchange provided a chance to 51.______ the landfill and to please another person I might not otherwise have 52.______.
I sit in my apartment today,loving each of the 53.______ that share our small space.I take
54.______ in knowing that,somewhere nearby,someone is 55.______ something that couldn’t come with us.
41.A.painting over B.looking around C.emptying out D.pulling down
42.A.hotel B.office C.cottage D.apartment
43.A.store B.display C.sell D.repair
44.A.covered B.decorated C.stuffed D.equipped
45.A.conventional B.valuable C.complicated D.tolerable
46.A.fees B.photos C.receipts D.models
47.A.move B.pay C.market D.work
48.A.warning B.requestC.description D.reply
49.A.Confused B.Interested C.Disappointed D.Encouraged
50.A.visits B.reports C.advice D.money
51.A.remove B.spare C.find D.check
52.A.investigated B.recognized C.encountered D.recommended
53.A.giveaways B.posts C.contributions D.belongings
54.A.joyB.part C.care D.time
55.A.anticipating B.appreciating C.delivering D.withdrawing
文章讲述了作者通过在网上出售不再需要的物品，与买家进行交流和互动，从而获得了积极的体验和情感价值。
【逐题解析】
41. C 根据空前“My husband and I had just sold our house”和下句“We had decided on key items for the _____ we were moving to in town, donated what we could, and rented a place to _____ our supposedly important objects.”（我们已经决定了搬进城里公寓的关键物品，捐赠了我们能捐赠的东西，并租了一个地方来存放我们认为重要的物品。）可知，作者正在清空房子里的物品。故选C。
42. D 根据空后的“we were moving to in town”及最后一段第一句中的“apartment”可知，此处是说作者和丈夫决定了要搬到城里的公寓的主要物品。故选D。
43. A 根据语境可知，作者租了一个地方来存放物品。故选A。
44. C 上文提到，作者和丈夫决定了要搬到城里的公寓的主要物品，把能捐的都捐了，还租了一个地方存放他们认为所谓认为重要的物品。结合空前的“still”可知，即使这样，作者家里还是塞满了东西。故选C。
45. B 根据空前的“while”及空后的“didn’t belong in a landfill”可知，这些东西虽然不是特别值钱，但也不应该丢去垃圾填埋场。故选B。
46. B 根据“I took a picture of the vase and posted it online,for $10.”（我给花瓶拍了张照片，并在网上以10美元的价格发布。）和空前的“one wanting additional”可知，有人想要额外的照片。故选B。
47.A根据上文可知，作者和丈夫卖掉了房子，结合空后的“drew near”可知，此处是说搬家的日子越来越近了。故选A。
48. C 根据空前的“reposted it”及空后的“I hate this vase. Maybe you won’t.”可知，这显然不是一个回复，而是一种描述，描述了花瓶的情况以及卖家对它的看法。故选C。
49. D 根据空后“I posted more”可知，作者受到了鼓励，继续发布更多物品。故选D。
50. A 根据上文的“My daily posts”可知，作者指的是他收到的访问量。故选A。
51. B 根据上文的“didn’t belong in a landfill”及空前的“Each exchange”可知，此处是说通过交换物品来节省垃圾填埋场的空间。故选B。
52. C 根据空前“to please another person I might not otherwise have”可知，作者指的是他可能不会遇到的人。故选C。
53. D 根据“I sit in my apartment today, loving each of the _____ that share our small space.”（今天我坐在我的公寓里，爱着我们狭小空间里每一件共享的物品。）可知，作者爱的是他的物品。故选D。
54. A 根据上文的“precious”及“loving”可知，此处是说作者从这个过程中获得了喜悦。故选A。
55. B 根据上文的“I sit...loving each...that share our small space”可知，此处是说在附近的某个地方，有人正在欣赏某件作者和丈夫无法带走的物品。故选B。
【考查要点】
基础知识：词汇、语法、阅读理解能力。
学科能力：信息提取、推理判断能力。
核心素养：语言表达能力、情感态度价值观。
价值引领：引导学生珍惜物品，培养积极的生活态度。
2025年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国II卷）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Evelyn Donohue is a 65-year-old grandma. She only started to41.______ seven years ago after having a42.______call. She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues, which
43.______ led her to getting surgery. After that experience, she knew that she needed to make a 44.______. Determined to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a 45.______ lifestyle, before discovering a 46.______ for weightlifting.
Since setting out on the journey, the 47.______ lover has not only managed to 48.______ an impressive set of muscles,but also a huge following on social media.
The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no
49.______ others can’t look this good. She said it was all down to some key aspects.
“Hold on: Consider failure as a 50.______ to success and never give up. Stick to your plan,” shesaid.“51.______ others: Lift others up on your journey. Success is sweeter when 52.______. ”She previously explained that “you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise... the 53.______ is to feel good, not look good.”
Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the 54.______ wrong in the best possible way and has indeed become an 55.______for many social media users.
41. A. write B. travel C. exercise D. recover
42. A. goodwill B. timeout C. long-distance D. wake-up
43. A. normally B. ultimately C. suddenly D. automatically
44. A. change B. fortune C. wish D. deal
45. A. risky B. traditional C. comfortable D. healthy
46. A. demand B. secret C. passion D. cure
47. A. peace B. fitness C. fun D. nature
48. A. grow B. control C. activate D. relax
49. A. need B. choice C. reason D. difference
50. A. green light B. road block C. passing mark D. stepping stone
51. A. Help B. Consult C. Follow D. Forgive
52. A. accepted B. shared C. expected D. celebrated
53. A. goal B. case C. duty D. cost
54. A. instructors B. admirers C. beginners D. doubters
55. A. authority B. excuse C. inspiration D. option
本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过65岁祖母Evelyn Donohue的健身逆袭故事，传达“年龄不是障碍，坚持与健康生活方式能改变人生”的核心思想，并强调健身的真正目标是“自我感觉良好”（feel good）而非外在形象（look good）。
41.C考查动词辨析。根据后文的“Ms Donohue began to work out and ... before discovering a ____ for weightlifting.”可知，Ms Donohue只是在7年前开始锻炼。write“写作”；travel“旅行”；exercise“锻炼”； recover“康复”。故选C。
42.D考查名词和形容词辨析。根据空后的“She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues”和“she needed to make a ..,”可知，Ms Donohue一直饱受饮食失调和健康问题的困扰后，她需要做出改变。因此，她在经历了觉醒呼唤后，开始了锻炼。goodwill意为“友善，善意”；timeout意为“暂停”；long-distance意为“长途的，长距离的”。wake-up call意为“觉醒呼唤”。故选D。
43. B考查副词辨析。根据上下文可知，Evelyn经历健康问题后最终接受了手术，“ultimately”（最终）最为合适。normally“正常地”；ultimately“最终”；suddenly“突然地”；automatically“自动地”。故选B。
44. A考查名词辨析。根据空后的“turn her life around”（改变生活）可知，Ms Donohue知道自己需要做出改变。change“改变”；fortune“财富”；wish“愿望”；deal“交易”。故选A。
45.D考查形容词辨析。根据空前的“Ms Donohue began to work out”可知，Ms Donohue开始了健康的生活方式。risky“冒险的”；traditional“传统的”；comfortable“舒适的”；healthy“健康的”。故选D。
46. C考查名词辨析。根据下文“the ____ lover has not only managed to ____ an impressive set of muscles, but also a huge following on social media”可知，社交媒体分享印证了她对健身的热爱，所以空处是她发现了对举重的热情。demand“需求”；secret“秘密”；passion“热情”；cure“疗法”。故选C。
47. B考查名词辨析。全文围绕健身（fitness）展开，且根据上下文，Evelyn是健身爱好者，空处应填健身。peace“和平”；fitness“健身”；fun“乐趣”；nature“自然”。故选B。
48. A考查动词辨析。根据后文的“but also a huge following on social media.”可知，Evelyn在社交媒体上已有一群追随者，这说明她健身成功，空处应填她成功长出了一副肌肉。grow“生长”；control“控制”；activate“激活”；relax“放松”。故选A。
49. C考查名词辨析。根据前文的“The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content”可推知，这里是他人没有理由不能做到。need“需要”；choice“选择”；reason“理由”；difference“差异”。故选C。
50. D考查词组辨析。根据后文的“and never give up.”可知，Evelyn是指将失败看作是通向成功的垫脚石。green light“绿灯”；road block“障碍”；passing mark“及格”；stepping stone“垫脚石”。故选D。
51. A 考查动词辨析。根据下文的“Lift others up on your journey”可知，Evelyn指在前进的路上提携他人就是要帮助其它人。help“帮助”；consult“咨询”；follow“跟随”；forgive“原谅”。故选A。
52. B考查动词辨析。根据前文“Success is sweeter”和她在社交媒体上分享她的健身情况可知，这里是指分享才使成功更甜蜜。accepted“接受”；shared“分享”；expected“预期”；celebrated“庆祝”。故选B。
53. A考查名词辨析。根据前文“you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise ...”可知，不需要有一个完美的身体来锻炼，她的目标是“goal”（目标）是让自己感觉好，而非外观。goal“目标”；case“案例”；duty“责任”；cost“代价”。故选A。
54. D考查名词辨析。根据前文中的“Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the...”可知，她过去曾被嘲笑年龄太大以至于不能锻炼，但她用事实证明了怀疑者是错误的。instructors“教练”；admirers“仰慕者”；beginners“新手”；doubters“怀疑者”。故选D。
55. C考查名词辨析。根据前文的“but she has proved the ____ wrong in the best possible way and has indeed become an ...”可知，她证明怀疑者是错的，并且成为了许多人社交媒体上的“inspiration”（灵感来源）。authority“权威”；excuse“借口”；inspiration“灵感”；option“选择”。故选C。
【考查要点】
基础知识：日常生活中与健康、运动、社交媒体等相关主题的语篇知识和语言知识。
学科能力：阅读理解能力、信息提取能力。
核心素养：坚持和积极向上的核心价值观。
价值引领：传递了积极的生活态度。
2024年1月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江卷）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳
选项。
While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in the northwestern China, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful
41.______ with a local that all travelers long for. A young Chinese man 42.______ me on the train. My
43.______ friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the 44.______ to practice my Chinese.
Over several hours he would tell me about how he had 45.______a two-year professional school to quickly find a job 46.______ highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps most
47, however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye he would 48.______ a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American 49.______ as a whole. “And what do you all learn about Russian authors?” I 50.______ him asking at one point.
It would have been easy to 51.______ my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, 52.______, and admirable person prevented me doing so. In the course of a couple of hours, he 53.______ me just how much one can gain from 54.______ with an open mind, and a willingness to 55.______ with locals from all walks of life.
41. A. experiment B. encounter C. competition D. appointment
42. A. treated B. saved C. lectured D. approached
43. A. trueB. so-called C. new D. long-lost
44. A. chance B. advice C. trouble D. right
45. A. visited B. financedC. attended D. founded
46. A. building B. sweeping C. checking D. guarding
47. A. typical B. obvious C. natural D. remarkable
48. A. publish B. quote С. copy D. download
49. A. writers B. historians C. workers D. students
50. A. anticipate B. imagine C. recall D. catch
51. A. look into B. rely on C. go over D. deal with
52. A. well-behaved B. multi-skilled C. warm-hearted D. self-educated
53. A. asked B. warned C. showed D. promised
54. A. traveling B. reading C. searching D. teaching
55. A. cooperate B. side C. negotiate D. engage
本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者在沿着中国西北部塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘行驶20个小时的火车旅程中与一位当地人相遇的经历。
41. B 考查名词辨析。句意：我在中国西北部的塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘坐了20个小时的火车，其间我与一个当地人有了一种谦卑、有教育意义的，最重要的是，美妙的邂逅，这是所有旅行者都渴望的。根据空前的“taking a 20-hour train”以及空后的“with a local that all travelers long for”可知，作者乘坐火车时与一位当地人“相遇”。encounter“（意外的）相遇”。
42.D考查动词辨析。句意：一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向我走来。根据“A young Chinese man _____ me on the train.”和下文的“Over several hours he would tell me”可知，在火车上，一名年轻的中国男子向作者“走来”。approach“接近，靠近（某人或某物）”。
43. C考查形容词辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文。根据上下文语境可知，这名年轻的中国男子是作者的“新”朋友。new“新的”。
44. A 考查名词辨析。句意同上。根据空前的“My _____friend spoke virtually no English”以及空后的“practice my Chinese”可知，作者的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以作者抓住此次“机会”练习汉语。chance“机会；机遇”。
45.C考查动词辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何就读了一个为期两年的职业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。根据空后的“a two-year professional school to quickly find a job”可知，那名男子曾经“就读”了两年的职业学校。attend“经常去，定期去（学校、教堂等）”。
46.A考查动词辨析。句意同上。根据第三段中的“my assumptions about this highway builder”可知，那名年轻男子想找到一份“建造”公路的工作维持生计。build“建造，建筑，开发”。
47.D考查形容词辨析。句意：然而，也许最值得注意的是这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习。根据空后的“the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor”以及常识可推知，一个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后还能花几个小时学习，是“令人惊讶的”一件事。remarkable“令人惊讶的；非凡的；引人注目的”。
48.B考查动词辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用爱默生翻译的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学的整体影响。根据空后的“a translated Emerson passage”可知，这里指那名男子不假思索地“引用”爱默生翻译的一段话。not bat an eye“不露声色；面不改色；眼睛都不眨一下”；quote“引用，引述（别人的原话）”。
49.A考查名词辨析。句意同上。根据句中的“Emerson”以及常识可知，此处指美国“作家”对文学的影响。writer“作家”。
50.C考查动词辨析。句意：“你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？”我记得他曾经问过。根据空前的“And what do you all learn about Russian authors?”以及空后的“him asking at one point”可知，作者在“回忆”那名年轻男子提过的问题。recall“记起；回忆；想起”。
51.B考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于这位从未离开过家乡几百英里的公路建设者，我很容易凭空想象。根据空后的“my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed”可知，那名年轻男子从来没有离开过离家几百英里的地方，因此作者很容易“依靠”自己的假设对他进行判断。rely on“依靠”。
52.D考查形容词辨析。句意：但这位见多识广、自学成才、令人钦佩的人阻止了我这么做。根据第二段中的“the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor”可知，那名男子是“自学”的。self-educated“自学的；自我教育的”。
53.C考查动词辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。通读全文可知，那名男子向作者“展示”了一个人能够从旅行中获得很多东西。show“展示”。
54.A考查动词辨析。句意同上。根据第一段的内容“While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in the northwestern China, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful _____ with a local that all travelers long for.”可推知，作者从“旅行”中学到很多知识。travel“旅行”。
55.D考查动词辨析。句意同上。根据空后的“with locals from all walks of life”可知，这里指和各行各业的当地人“打交道”。engage with...“与……接触，与……建立密切关系”。
2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国甲卷）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One day, we had a family dinner. While the adults were busy with their serious talk outside, I was left alone in the 41.______ to help my grandmother wash dishes.42.______my grandmother would tell me stories about her childhood.
Born just before WWII,my grandmother43.______ an entirely different childhood lifestyle from mine. She did not have a chance to go to44.______. Like in typical families, where boys were
45 much more than girls, my grandma had to stay at home to do46.______. The only opportunity(机会) she could seize to47.______ was when her brother was having Chinese
48.______withthe family tutor. She would sit quietly at the far end of the long dinner table, listening 49.______. This training taught her to read and write her Chinese upside down— a skill that has turned out to be quite 50.______, especially whenever we share the newspaper. On most weekends, my grandmother, a young girl then, and her brother would go to the 51.______. There, they would walk through deep water, sit down cross-legged underwater and hold their 52.______ while they watched all action going on around them. This is something I 53.______— her ability to open her54underwater and still sit comfortably on the seabed.
My childhood is quite55.______compared with hers. I am56.______ that I did not need to
57.______the hardships like she did. I’ve never faced the problem of 58.______.I guess our different childhood background is what makes my grandmother such an amazing person to 59.______ to:her stories always make my history textbooks 60.______.
41.A. sitting room B. kitchen C. yard D. dining hall
42.A.As always B.By the way C.For example D. Here and now
43.A.adjusted B. promoted C. achieved D.experienced
44.A.work B.school C. court D.press
45.A. favored B. tolerated C. trusted D.acknowledged
46. A. gardening B. homework C. business D.housework
47. A. exercise B. study C. explore D.teach
48.A.food B. guests C. lessons D.tea
49.A. closely B. directly C. nervously D.freely
50.A.professional B. awkward C.simple D. practical
51.A.market B.mountain C. beach D. class
52.A.secret B. breath C. view D.tongue
53.A.admire B. notice C. adopt D.value
54.A.hands B.mouth C.eyes D.arms
55.A. difficult B. complex C. happy D.similar
56. A. grateful B. surprised C. convinced D.regretful
57. A.reflect upon B. go through C. ask about D.prepare for
58. A. unemployment B. health C. education D.communication
59. A. attend B. refer C. lead D.talk
60.A. come true B.come round C.come out D.come alive
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者与奶奶在厨房一起洗碗时，奶奶给作者讲述她童年经历的故事。文章通过对奶奶童年的描述，展示了奶奶与作者成长环境的巨大差异，并表达了作者对奶奶的钦佩和感激之情。
41. B 考查名词（短语）辨析。根据空后的“help my grandmother wash dishes”及常识可推知，作者是在厨房（kitchen）帮助奶奶洗碗。sitting room“客厅”；kitchen“厨房”；yard“院子”；dining hall“餐厅”。故选B。
42. A 考查短语辨析。根据空后的“my grandmother would tell me stories about her childhood”可推知，此处指作者的奶奶经常给作者讲故事，这次一如既往地（As always）给作者讲她童年的故事。as always“像往常一样”；by the way“顺便说一句”；for example“例如”；here and now“现在”。故选A。
43. D 考查动词辨析。根据空前“Born just before WWII”及空后的“an entirely different childhood lifestyle from mine”可推知，作者的奶奶经历了（experienced）与作者完全不同的童年生活。adjust“调整”；promote“提升”；achieve“取得”；experience“经历”。故选D。
44. B 考查名词辨析。根据下文的“my grandma had to stay at home”可推知，作者的奶奶童年时没有上学（go to school）的机会。work“工作”；school“学校”；court“法院”；
press“出版社”。故选B。
45. A 考查动词辨析。根据常识可知，在祖辈生活的年代，男孩往往比女孩受到更多的偏爱（favored）。favor“偏爱”；tolerate“容忍”；trust“信任”；acknowledge“承认”。故选A。
46. D 考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“Like in typical families, where boys were much more than girls, my grandma had to stay at home”及常识可推知，奶奶当时需要留在家里做家务（housework）。gardening“园艺”；homework“家庭作业”；business“生意”；housework“家务”。故选D。
47. B 考查动词辨析。根据上下文语境可知，奶奶童年时没有上学的机会，因此，她唯一能学习（study）的机会是通过旁听她哥哥的课。exercise“锻炼”；study“学习”；explore“探索”；teach“教”。故选B。
48. C 考查名词辨析。根据空前的“having Chinese”和空后的“withthe family tutor”可知，这里指的是奶奶的哥哥和家庭教师一起上语文课（lessons）。food“食物”；guest“客人”；lesson“课”；tea“茶”。故选C。
49. A 考查副词辨析。根据上文的“The only opportunity(机会) she could seize towas when her brother was having Chinesewiththe family tutor.”可推知，奶奶的学习机会十分难得，因此奶奶会静静地坐在餐桌的远端仔细地（closely）听。closely“仔细地；紧密地”；directly“直接地”；nervously“紧张地”；freely“自由地”。故选A。
50. D 考查形容词辨析。根据空前的“This training taught her to read and write her Chinese upside down”和空后的“especially whenever we share the newspaper”可推知，这项技能在他们分享报纸时显得非常实用（practical）。professional“专业的”；awkward“尴尬的”；simple“简单的”；practical“实用的”。故选D。
51. C 考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“There, they would walk through deep water, sit down cross-legged underwater”可推知，大部分的周末，奶奶会和她的哥哥一起去海滩（beach）。market“市场”；mountain“山”；beach“海滩”；class“课堂”。故选C。
52. B 考查名词辨析。根据上下文语境可知，这里指他们在水下憋气，因此是屏住呼吸（breath）。secret“秘密”；breath“呼吸”；view“视野”；tongue“舌头”。故选B。
53. A 考查动词辨析。根据上下文语境可知，这里指作者钦佩（admire）奶奶能在水下睁开眼睛并舒适地坐在海床上的能力。admire“钦佩”；notice“注意”；adopt“采用”；value“重视”。故选A。
54. C 考查名词辨析。根据上文的“they would ... sit down cross-legged underwater... they watched all action going on around them”可知，奶奶能够在水下睁开眼睛（eyes）。hand“手”；mouth“嘴”；eye“眼睛”；arm“胳膊”。故选C。
55. C考查形容词辨析。根据上文的内容以及下文的“I did not need tothe hardships like she did. I’ve never faced the problem of”可知，作者的童年和奶奶的童年相比是幸福的（happy）。difficult“困难的”；complex“复杂的”；happy“快乐的；幸福的”；similar“相似的”。故选C。
56. A 考查形容词辨析。根据语境可推知，这里指作者感激（grateful）自己不需要像奶奶那样经历磨难。grateful“感激的”；surprised“惊讶的”；convinced“确信的”；regretful“遗憾的”。故选A。
57. B 考查动词短语辨析。根据语境可推知，这里指作者不需要像奶奶那样经历（go through）磨难。reflect upon“反思”；go through“经历”；ask about“询问”；prepare for“准备”。故选B。
58. C 考查名词辨析。根据上文提到的奶奶没有上学的机会，可推知这里指作者从未面临过无法接受教育（education）的问题。unemployment“失业”；health“健康”；education“教育”；communication“交流”。故选C。
59. D 考查动词辨析。通读全文可知，作者的奶奶经常给作者讲故事，由此可推知，作者认为奶奶是一个很棒的谈话（talk）对象。attend“参加”；refer“提及”；lead“引导”；talk“谈论”。故选D。
60. D 考查动词短语辨析。通读全文可知，作者的奶奶总是给作者讲她那个年代的故事，这让作者对历史的了解更加丰富了。也就是说，奶奶的故事让作者的历史课本变得生动起来（come alive）了。come true“成真”；come round“苏醒”；come out“出现”；come alive“变得生动”。故选D。
2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标II卷）
读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago, I didn’t think too long. I likedtraveling in France, but when it came to picking my favorite spot to 41.______,Italy was theclear winner.
During my first visit to Italy,I 42.______to ask for directions or order in a restaurant. Butevery time I tried to 43.______ a sentence of Italian together, the locals smiled at me and 44.______ my language skills. That encouragement helped me to get through the language 45.______.After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered how 46.______ Italians are.Neighborswill bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to 47.______me to close thewindow in my car when rain is coming. It’s these small 48.______ of kindness that make a newcountry feel like home.
As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my49.______ quite like Italy. Each town has its own traditional 50.______,and every family keeps a recipepassed from one generation to another. Families 51.______ for big meals on Sundays,birthdays,and whatever other excuses they can 52.______.These meals are always 53.______ by laughterand joy. Whatever 54.______ life in Italy might have, the problems are 55.______ once you sitdown to a big meal with friends and family.
41. A. study B. rent C. visit D. settle
42. A. planned B. struggled C. refused D. happened
43. A. string B. hang C. mix D. match
44. A. improved B. assessed C. admired D. praised
45. A. course B. barrier C. area D. test
46. A. open-minded B. strong-willed C. warm-hearted D. well-informed
47. A. remind B. allow C. persuade D. order
48. A. tricks B. promises C. acts D. duties
49. A. ambitionB. success C. appetite D. growth
50. A. costume B. dishC. symbol D. tale
51. A. gather B. cheer C. leave D. wait
52. A. put up with B. stand up for C. come up with D. make up for
53. A. signaled B. confirmed C. represented D. accompanied
54. A. disadvantages B. meanings C. surprises D. opportunities
55. A. created B. forgotten C. understood D. identified
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者选择定居意大利的原因。
41.D考查动词辨析。根据第二段中的“After I made Italy my permanent home”可知，我定居在了意大利，由此可推知，这里是指当涉及选择“定居”场所的时候。study“学习”；rent“租”；visit“参观；拜访”；settle“定居”。故选D。
42.B考查动词辨析。根据空前的“During my first visit to Italy”可知，作者在描述自己第一次去意大利的情形。根据常识可推知，第一次去一个陌生的国家，问路吃饭应是很吃力的。下文用but进行转折，表达了意大利人对作者的友好，由此也可以推知，该处应是在表达作者的吃力。plan“计划”；struggle“挣扎”；refuse“拒绝”；happen“发生；碰巧”。struggle to do sth意为“吃力地做某事”。故选B。
43.A考查动词辨析。根据上下文语境和“tried”可推知，作者意大利语并不熟练，由此可推知，这里是指作者努力“拼凑”出一句话。string“把（单词或短语）连成句子”；hang“悬挂”；mix“混合”；match“配对；匹配”。故选A。
44.D考查动词辨析。根据空前的“smiled”以及空后的“That encouragement helped me”可推知，虽然作者的意大利语说得蹩脚，但是意大利人还是会“夸奖”作者的语言技能。improve“提高”；assess“分析”；admire“钦佩”；praise“夸奖；表扬”。故选D。
45.B考查名词辨析。根据语境可推知，这里是说意大利人的鼓励帮助作者跨过了语言“障碍”。course“课程”；barrier“障碍”；area“区域”；test“测试”。故选B。
46.C考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的“Neighborswill bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to me to close thewindow in my car when rain is coming. It’s these small of kindness that make a newcountry feel like home.”可知，意大利人是“温暖热心的”人。open-minded“思想开放的；无偏见的”；strong-willed“意志坚强的”；warm-hearted“热心的”；well-informed“见多识广的；知识渊博的”。故选C。
47.A考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“to close thewindow in my car when rain is coming”可知，这里是指意大利人还在下雨的时候“提醒”作者关窗户。remind“提醒”；allow“允许”；persuade“说服”；order“命令”。故选A。
48.C考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，这里是指意大利人这些小小的善举，使作者有了家的感觉。trick“花招；诡计”；promise“承诺”；act“行为”；duty“责任；职责”。act of kindness意为“善举”。故选C。
49.C考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach”可知，作者是一个美食爱好者，因此这里是指没有什么地方能像意大利一样激起作者的“食欲”。ambition“抱负；志向”；success“成功”；appetite“食欲；胃口”；growth“成长”。故选C。
50.B考查名词辨析。根据上文提到的作者对于美食的热爱以及下文的“every family keeps a recipepassed from one generation to another”可推知，这里是指每个小镇都有自己的传统“菜肴”。costume“服装”；dish“菜肴”；symbol“符号；象征”；tale“故事”。故选B。
51.A考查动词辨析。根据下文的“for big meals on Sundays,birthdays,and whatever other excuses”及“you sitdown to a big meal with friends and family”可推知，意大利人热爱聚餐，他们会抓住各种机会，想出各种借口去“聚会”。gather“聚集；集合”；cheer“欢呼；加油”；leave“离开”；wait“等待”。故选A。
52.C考查动词短语辨析。根据语境可知，这里是指意大利人热爱聚餐，因此会“提出”一切能想到的理由来聚会。put up with“忍受”；stand up for“支持；维护”；come up with“想到，提出（计划、想法等）”；make up for“弥补；补偿”。故选C。
53.D考查动词辨析。这里是指意大利人聚餐总是“伴随”着欢声笑语。signal“表示；表明”；confirm“确认；证实”；represent“代表”；accompany“伴随”。故选D。
54. A 考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“problems”可推知，这里是表示：无论意大利的生活有什么“缺点”，一旦你与朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐，这些问题就会被“遗忘”。disadvantage“缺点；不利因素；不便之处”；meaning“意义”；surprise“惊喜”；opportunity“机会”。故选A。
55.B考查动词辨析。解析见上题。create“创造；创作”；forget“忘记”；understand“理解”；identify“识别；发现”。故选B。
2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标I卷）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
I’ve been motivated — and demotivated — by other folks’ achievements all my life.
When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend 41.______ a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running42.______, but then two things happened. First, a girl I met oneday told me she was
43.______ for a “super”, referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then,the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles. To be honest, I 44.______ it! Between thegirl making my 45.______ seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that theonly 46.______ I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!
So I47.______ cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I 48.______ of entering cycle racesuntil I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I 49.______ her bikeand went for a ride. The 50.______: The roads there went through large valleys where I’d beriding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never faced such 51.______. That day, I got 52.______ byabout 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenlyriding my bike didn’t seem quite as 53.______.
I’ve 54.______ a lot since then. I’ve come to accept that whatever 55.______ I set for myself,they just have to be my own.
41. A. knew B. held C. won D. quit
42. A. regularly B. silently C. proudly D. recently
43. A. asking B. looking C. waiting D. training
44. A. made B. believed C. hated D. deserved
45. A. advantage B. achievement C. contribution D. influence
46. A. way B. risk C. place D. reason
47. A. gave up B. went on C. turned to D. dealt with
48. A. heard B. dreamed C. complained D. approved
49. A. painted B. borrowed C. bought D. parked
50. A. problem B. secret C. principle D. advice
51. A. dangers B. events C. opponents D. challenges
52. A. passed B. convinced C. admired D. stopped
53. A. reliable B. convenient C. familiar D. appealing
54. A. traveled B. matured C. missed D. worried
55. A. limits B. dates C. goals D. tests
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者被他人的成就激励，开始跑马拉松，但因感到自己的努力相形见绌而气馁，放弃跑马拉松。而后作者尝试骑行，又因一次骑行中道路艰难，被许多当地骑行者超越，失去了对骑行的兴趣。最终作者认识到要设定自我驱动的目标。
41. C 根据下文作者受到激励开始跑步可知，一位邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。know“知道；了解”；hold“召开；举行”；win“赢”；quit“停止；放弃”。故选C。
42. A 根据语境可知，作者受到了激励开始定期跑步，下文中的“First”“Then, the next day”也是提示。regularly“定期地；有规律地”；silently“默默地”；proudly“骄傲地；自豪地”；recently“最近”。故选A。
43. D 根据下文中“referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon”可知，“super”指的是52.4英里的双程马拉松。再根据语境及常识可知，作者遇见的女孩正在为“超级马拉松”训练。ask“询问”；look“寻找”；wait“等待”；train“训练”。故选D。
44. C 根据下文中的“the pure boredom of jogging”及“theonly I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me”可推知，作者讨厌长跑。make“使成功”；believe“相信”；hate“讨厌”；deserve“值得”。故选C。
45. B 根据上文中的“a 52.4-mile double marathon”及下文中的“Then,the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles.”可知，遇见那个女孩的第二天，作者跑出了自己的最远距离，但与那个女孩相比，作者觉得自己的成就看起来很微不足道。advantage“优势”；achievement“成就”；contribution“贡献”；influence“影响”。故选B。
46. D 根据上文中的“Between thegirl making my seem small and the pure boredom of jogging”及下文中的“if a big dog was running after me”可知，作者决定放弃跑马拉松了，除非大狗追他/她，否则他/她再也没有理由跑步了。way“方式；手段”；risk“风险”；place“位置；地点”；reason“原因；理由”。故选D。
47. C 根据上文内容及下文中的“I got a good bike and rode a lot.”可知，作者转向骑自行车了。give up“放弃”；go on“继续”；turn to“转向”；deal with“处理”。故选C。
48. B 根据语境可知，作者梦想着参加自行车比赛。hear“听说”；dream“梦想”；complain“抱怨”；approve“赞成；批准”。故选B。
49. B 根据语境可知，作者去圣地亚哥拜访自己的妹妹，当她有一天去工作的时候，作者借了她的自行车去骑行。paint“涂漆；用颜料画”；borrow“借”；buy“买”；park“停车”。故选B。
50. A 根据下文“The roads there went through large valleys where I’d beriding uphill for miles at a time.”可知，作者遇到了困难或问题。problem“难题；困难”；secret“秘密”；principle“原则”；advice“建议”。故选A。
51. D 作者骑车穿越大山谷，需要不断上坡。根据上下文语境可知，作者从没面对过这样的挑战。danger“危险”；event“事件”；opponent“对手”；challenge“挑战”。故选D。
52. A 根据下文“byabout 100 ‘local’ bikers who were used to such roads”可知，作者被大约100名“本地”骑行者超过了。pass“超过”；convince“说服”；admire“钦佩”；stop“停止”。故选A。
53.D 上文提到，作者被很多骑行者超过了。因此，该处指作者回到家后，突然感觉骑自行车不再那么吸引人了。reliable“可靠的”；convenient“方便的”；familiar“熟悉的”；appealing“吸引人的”。故选D。
54. B 根据上文提到的作者跑步和骑行的经历可知，作者在不停地发掘自己真正的喜好，再根据下文中的“I’ve come to accept”可推知，该处指作者从那时起成熟了很多。travel“旅行”；mature“成熟”；miss“错过”；worry“担心”。故选B。
55. C 通读全文可知，文章描述了作者如何被他人的成就激励，又因感到自己的努力相形见绌而气馁，最终认识到设定目标应该是自我驱动的。limit“限制”；date“日期”；goal意为“目标”；test“测试”。故选C。
2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国甲卷）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Many years ago, Ibought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer. The first time we 41.______ there, we heard the chug-chug-chug of a motorbike 42.______ its way down the hill toward us. Itwas a 43.______ called Mario, coming to 44.______ usa box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine. Itwas a very nice 45.______ for him to make. But when we looked at the tomatoes, we were 46.______ because they were so misshapen: not at all like the nice, round,
47.______things you get in a supermarket. And the wine was cloudy, in a funny old bottle with no label(标签) on it. These can’tbe any 48.______, wethought. But we were 49.______ his kindness, so we 50 them.
What we discovered is that it’s 51.______ to judge what you eat only by its 52.______. Those tomatoes had 53.______ that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when Iwas a child. Nowadays supermarket tomatoes 54.______ perfect but taste of water. Nobody’sgoing to have a 55.______ memory of those. It’s a surprise they haven’t managed to grow square ones so that they can 56.______ them easily. Mario’s winemay have been cloudy and come out of an old bottle, but it was 57.______.
It’s good to eat things at the correct time, when they’re 58.______, and as close as possible to wherethey were 59.______.What Mario had 60.______ us was the taste of the Garfagnana.
41. A. waited B. met C. camped D. stayed
42. A. making B. searching C. squeezing D. feeling
43. A. customer B. neighbor C. relative D. passenger
44. A. lend B. send C. bring D. show
45. A. choice B. comment C. promise D. gesture
46. A. worried B. moved C. thrilled D. bored
47. A. simple B. real C. shiny D. fun
48. A. more B. good C. new D. easy
49. A. sympathetic to B. thankful for C. cautious about D. interested in
50. A. tried B. sold C. returned D. mixed
51. A. unnecessary B. uncertain C. unwise D. unusual
52. A. appearance B. quality C. origin D. price
53. A. size B. shape C. color D. taste
54. A. smell B. look C. become D. work
55. A. happy B. vivid C. short D. vague
56. A. clean B. check C. count D. pack
57. A. perfect B. useful C. convenient D. familiar
58. A. on view B. on sale C. in season D. in need
59. A. finished B. stored C. found D. grown
60. A. cooked B. given C. bought D. told
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了我和家人第一次去多年前在加尔法尼亚纳买的房子里度假，邻居送来西红柿和一瓶酒。我们最初因食物外观不佳，对食物感到担忧。但在品尝食物之后，我们明白了不应以外表判断食物的道理。我们很高兴品尝到了加尔法尼亚纳当地当季的食物味道。
41.D考查动词辨析。根据上文“Ibought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer”可知，此处指我们第一次住进这个房子。stay意为“停留，逗留；留宿，暂住”。故选D。
42.A考查动词辨析。此处指邻居骑着摩托车下山朝我们家来。“make one’s way”是固定搭配，意为“前进，行进”。故选A。
43.B考查名词辨析。根据下文“Itwas a very nice for him to make.”及全文内容可推知，Mario是我们的邻居。neighbor意为“邻居”。故选B。
44.C考查动词辨析。根据下文“a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine”及“his kindness”可知，Mario给我们带来了西红柿和一瓶酒。bring意为“带来”。故选C。
45.D考查名词辨析。根据上文邻居给我们送来西红柿和一瓶酒可知，此处指邻居向我们示好，“gesture”意为“姿态，表示”。故选D。
46.A考查形容词辨析。根据下文“because they were so misshapen”可知，这些西红柿外观不佳，此处指我们看着这些西红柿感到担忧。worried意为“担心的，担忧的”。故选A。
47.C考查形容词辨析。根据“the nice, round, things you get in a supermarket”可知，该空与“nice”、“round”并列，指超市的西红柿看起来都是又圆又好看，光鲜亮丽的。shiny意为“发光的，有光泽的”。故选C。
48.B考查形容词辨析。根据上文的“because they were so misshapen: not at all like the nice, round, things you get in a supermarket. And the wine was cloudy, in a funny old bottle with no label(标签) on it.”可知，我们认为西红柿和酒可能不是很好。good意为“好的”。故选B。
49.B考查形容词短语辨析。根据常识及上下文可知，邻居送我们礼物，我们很感谢他的好意。thankful for意为“对……表示感谢”。故选B。
50.A考查动词辨析。根据下文“What we discovered is that”及“reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when Iwas a child”可知，我们尝了邻居送的食物。try意为“尝试；品尝”。故选A。
51.C考查形容词辨析。根据下文“reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when Iwas a child”可知，我们品尝食物后，明白了之前的看法是不明智的。unwise意为“不明智的”。故选C。
52.A考查名词辨析。根据上文“they were so misshapen”及“cloudy, in a funny old bottle with no label(标签) on it”等对食物外观的描写可知，此处指我们明白了通过外观判断食物是不明智的。appearance意为“外表；外观”。故选A。
53.D考查名词辨析。根据下文“reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow”及“taste of water”可知，此处指西红柿的味道。taste意为“味道”。故选D。
54.B考查动词辨析。根据上文“not at all like the nice, round, things you get in a supermarket”可知，此处指超市的西红柿看起来完美无瑕，但尝起来味淡如水。look意为“看起来”。故选B。
55.A考查形容词辨析。根据上文“Nowadays supermarket tomatoes perfect but taste of water.”可知，此处指超市西红柿好看不好吃，没有人会对此有开心的回忆。happy意为“开心的”。故选A。
56.D考查动词辨析。根据上文“grow square ones so that they can”可推知，方形的西红柿更容易打包装箱。本句通过反讽语气吐槽现代农业讲究效率，不讲究味道。pack意为“打包”。故选D。
57.A考查形容词辨析。根据上文“Mario’swine may have been cloudy and come out of an old bottle, but”及语境可知，邻居的酒看起来不怎么样，但是味道一流。perfect意为“完美的”。故选A。
58.C考查介词短语辨析。根据上文“It’s good to eat things at the correct time”可知，此处指吃当季的食物是最好的。in season意为“当令的，当季的”。故选C。
59.D考查动词辨析。根据上文“as close as possible to wherethey were”可知，此处为总结，在最接近食物产地的地方，吃食物是最好的。grow意为“种植”。故选D。
60.B考查动词辨析。根据上文可知，此处指Mario给我们的不仅是食物，也是Garfagnana这个城市真正的味道。give意为“给予；赠送”。故选B。
2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国乙卷）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
To become the Olympic champion in the individual (个人) all-around event, Gabby Douglas had to leave everything she 41.______ best. She had to 42.______ her bedroom in Virginia. She had to say 43.______ to her two dogs and to the beach, where she loved to 44.______ waves on her board. But it was 45.______ to take the leap (飞跃), however 46.______ it would be. Even at 14, Douglas knew that. So she 47.______ about 1,200 miles away from home, to 48.______ with a coach from China. She lived with a family she had never 49.______ and everything was new to her.
As it turned out, Douglas did 50what she needed to do to become Olympic champion when she 51.______ two Russians. The Chinese coach 52.______ Douglas into one of the best gymnasts in the 53.______, helping her skyrocket from an 54.______ member of the national team to the top of the sport. By 55.______ the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so. She 56.______ the competition from beginning to end. She said she had felt 57.______ all along that she would win.
Not so long ago, Martha Karolyi, the coordinator (联络人) of the women’s national team, did not think Douglas had what it58.______ to be an Olympian. As time went by, she thought
59.______ that she could make the London Games— and win.
“I’m going to inspire so many people,” she said.“I’m ready to 60.______.” And shine she did.
41. A. tried B. thought C. judged D. knew
42. A. take up B. pack up C. clean up D. do up
43. A. goodbye B. hello C. thanks D. no
44. A. cause B. observe C. ride D. strike
45.A. common B. time C. fun D. tough
46. A. breathtaking B. heartbreaking C. eye-catching D. head-spinning
47. A. dropped out B. moved on C. pulled over D. went off
48. A. reason B. talk C. compete D. train
49. A. met B. helped C. understood D. needed
50. A. approximately B. gradually C. exactly D. possibly
51.A. defeated B. pleased C. respected D. assisted
52.A. forced B. transformed C. persuaded D. put
53. A. world B. city C. team D. state
54. A. amateur B. elected C. average D. enthusiastic
55. A. clarifying B. defending C. winning D. demanding
56. A. followed B. organized C. watched D. led
57. A. confident B. nervous C. excited D. uneasy
58. A. viewed B. appeared C. mattered D. took
59. A. now and then B. more and more C. far and wide D. on and on
60. A. shine B. fly C. dance D. score
【答案解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了伦敦奥运会女子体操个人全能项目冠军的美国女孩Gabby Douglas背井离乡，在中国教练的训练下，经过辛勤的付出，从一名普通的体操运动员成长为奥运冠军的故事。
41. D 考查动词辨析。根据空前的“To become the Olympic champion in the individual (个人) all-around event, Gabby Douglas had to leave everything”以及下文的“1,200 miles away from home”及“everything was new to her”可知，为了在全能个人项目中成为奥运冠军，Gabby Douglas不得不离开她最熟悉的一切。故选D。
42. B 考查动词短语辨析。根据空前的“Gabby Douglas had to leave everything she _____ best”及空后的“her bedroom in Virginia”和“1,200 miles away from home”可知，Gabby Douglas需要离家前往远在千里之外的城市，所以她不得不打包行李，收拾东西。pack up意为“整理，收拾行李”。故选B。
43. A 考查名词辨析。根据前文的“Gabby Douglas had to leave everything she _____ best”可知，Gabby Douglas不得不和她的两只狗和海滩告别。故选A。
44. C 考查动词辨析。根据空前的“She had to say_____to her two dogs and to the beach”以及空后的“waves on her board”可知，她喜欢在海滩冲浪。ride(the) waves意为“冲浪”。故选C。
45. B 考查名词辨析。根据空后的“to take the leap (飞跃), however _____ it would be”以及“Even at 14, Douglas knew that.”可知，Gabby Douglas在14岁就知道是时候迈出这一步来实现人生的飞跃了。It’s time to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“是时候做某事了”，符合语境。故选B。
46. B考查形容词辨析。根据空前的“Gabby Douglas had to leave everything she _____ best”以及空处“however_____it would be”可知，Gabby Douglas要离开自己所熟悉的一切，这无疑是令人伤心的。故选B。
47. D考查动词短语辨析。根据空前的“To become the Olympic champion in the individual (个人) all-around event, Gabby Douglas had to leave everything”以及空后的“about 1,200 miles away from home, to _____with a coach from China”可知，为了成为奥运冠军，Gabby Douglas不得不离家千里。go off意为“离开（尤指去做某事）”。故选D。
48. D 考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“with a coach from China”以及“The Chinese coach...member of the national team to the top of the sport.”可推知，她跟着一位中国教练进行训练。故选D。
49. A 考查动词辨析。根据空前的“she _____about 1,200 miles away from home”以及空后的“and everything was new to her”可知，她住在一个她从未见过的家庭，一切对她来说都是新的。故选A。
50. C 考查副词辨析。根据空后的“what she needed to do to become Olympic champion”以及下文中的“The Chinese coach ... she became the first black woman to do so.”可知，她后来取得了非凡的成绩，这证明她背井离乡刻苦训练正是成为奥运冠军所需要做的事。exactly“恰好，正好”。故选C。
51. A 考查动词辨析。根据空前的“Douglas did _____what she needed to do to become Olympic champion”以及空后的“The Chinese coach ... she became the first black woman to do so.”可知，她击败了两个俄罗斯人。defeat“击败；战胜”。故选A。
52. B 考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“helping her skyrocket from an _____member of the national team to the top of the sport”可知，中国教练彻底改变了Gabby Douglas。transform“使改变”。故选B。
53. A考查名词辨析。根据空前的“Douglas did _____what she needed to do to become Olympic champion”以及空后的“member of the national team to the top of the sport”可知，Gabby Douglas最终成为世界上最优秀的体操运动员之一。故选A。
54. C考查形容词辨析。根据空前的“helping her skyrocket from an”以及空后的“member of the national team to the top of the sport”可知，她成功地从国家队里一名普通的队员变成世界顶级体操运动员。average意为“正常的；普通的”，符合语境。故选C。
55. C 考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“she became the first black woman to do so”可知，她赢得奥运会全能冠军。故选C。
56. D 考查动词辨析。根据空后的“the competition from beginning to end. She said she had felt _____ all along that she would win”可知，她自始至终领先于竞争对手。lead意为“（比赛中）领先”。故选D。
57. A 考查形容词辨析。根据空前的“She _____the competition from beginning to end”以及空后的“all along that she would win”可知，她一直有信心会赢得比赛。故选A。
58. D 考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“The Chinese coach... member of the national team to the top of the sport.”可知，Douglas以前只是国家队里的一名普通队员。再根据下文中的“As time went by, she thought _____that she could make the London Games — and win.”可知，随着时间的推移，女子国家队联络人（Martha Karolyi）认为Douglas有机会参加伦敦奥运会并获胜。由此推知，此处表示“就在不久前，女子国家队联络人Martha Karolyi还认为Douglas不具备成为奥运选手所具备的条件”。have what it takes意为“（非正式）有所需的素质”。故选D。
59. B 考查固定短语辨析。根据上文中的“Not so long ago, Martha Karolyi, the coordinator (联络人) of the women’s national team, did not think Douglas had what it_____ to be an Olympian.”以及空后的“that she could make the London Games — and win”可知，女子国家队联络人（Martha Karolyi）一开始不看好Gabby Douglas，但随着时间的推移越来越看好她了。more and more意为“越来越”，符合语境。故选B。
60. A 考查动词辨析。根据空前的“I’m ready to”以及空后的“And shine she did.”可知，她说：“我准备好发光了。”而她确实做到了。shine意为“发光”，符合语境。故选A。
2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标I卷）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have 41.______ the course earlier than she did. Her 42.______ came because she was carrying a 43.______ across the finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her
44.______ when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She 45.______ to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with 46.______. She couldn’t. Bailey then 47.______ to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get 48 attention.
Once there, Lenoue was 49.______ and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme 50.______ to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help.
As for Bailey, she is more 51.______ about why her act is considered a big 52.______. “She was just crying. I couldn’t 53.______ her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”
Although the two young women were strangers before the 54.______, they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the 55.______ of human kindness won the day.
41. A. designed B.followed C.changed D.finished
42. A. delay B.chance C.trouble D.excuse
43. A. judge B.volunteer C.classmate D.competitor
44. A. race B.school C.town D.training
45. A. agreed B.returned C.stopped D.promised
46. A. courage B.aid C.patience D.advice
47. A. went away B.stood up C.stepped aside D.bent down
48. A. medical B.public C.constant D.equal
49. A. interrupted B.assessed C.identified D.appreciated
50. A. hunger B.pain C.cold D.tiredness
51. A. worried B.ashamedC.confusedD.discouraged
52. A. gameB.problem C.lesson D.deal
53. A. leave B.cure C.bother D.understand
54. A. ride B.test C.meet D.show
55. A. secret B.display C.benefit D.exchange
【答案解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛中，Melanie Bailey背着另一个受伤的参赛者Danielle Lenoue过终点线并接受医疗救助的故事。
41. D 考查动词辨析。根据第二段中的“carried her all the way to the finish line”可知，Bailey在比赛中背着另一名受伤的参赛者，所以完成比赛晚了，因此该句表示“Melanie Bailey本应该更早完成比赛”。故选D。
42. A考查名词辨析。根据空前的“Melanie Bailey should have...earlier than she did”可知，Melanie Bailey到达终点的时间比预期的晚，即她的比赛受到了耽搁。此处在解释她到得晚的原因。delay意为“延迟；耽搁”。故选A。
43. D考查名词辨析。根据第二段中的“to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue”及“carried her all the way to the finish line”可知，Melanie Bailey是背着另一名参赛者冲过终点线。故选D。
44. A考查名词辨析。根据第一段中的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，Melanie Bailey正在参加越野赛跑比赛，此处是说她已经跑完了超过三分之二的赛程。故选A。
45. C考查动词辨析。根据上文可知，Melanie Bailey正在比赛，根据空后的“to help her fellow runner”可知，她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。stopto do sth.意为“停下来去做某事”，符合语境。故选C。
46. B考查名词辨析。根据空前的“Bailey took her arm”可知，此处表示Bailey扶着她的胳膊，看她是否能在她的帮助下向前走。aid意为“帮助”。故选B。
47. D考查动词词组辨析。根据空后的“let Lenoue climb onto her back”可知，Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上。bend down意为“弯下腰”。故选D。
48. A考查形容词辨析。根据上文中的“began crying in pain”以及下文中的“Oncethere, Lenoue was ____ and later taken to a hospital...”可知，Bailey送Danielle Lenoue去接受治疗。medical attention意为“医疗处理”，符合语境。故选A。
49. B考查动词辨析。根据空后的“later taken to a hospital”可知，Danielle Lenoue是先接受了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受了（身体状况的）评估。assess意为“评估”。故选B。
50. B考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“began crying in pain”可知，如果没有Bailey的帮助，Lenoue可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达救助站。故选B。
51. C考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的“why her act is considered...”可知，此处Bailey对于后面这件事的原因感到困惑。confused意为“困惑的”。故选C。
52. D考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，她并不认为自己的行为有多么了不起。a big deal意为“非常重要的事”，符合语境。故选D。
53. A考查动词辨析。根据空前的“She was just crying”以及上文提到Bailey一路背着Lenoue走到终点线可知，Bailey看见Lenoue痛苦地哭泣，她觉得自己不能丢下她不管。leave意为“离开，丢下”。故选A。
54. C考查名词辨析。根据第一段中的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”及空前的“the two young women were strangers before”可知，这两名年轻女子在比赛之前是陌生人。meet在此处为熟词生义，意为“比赛”，符合语境。故选C。
55. B考查名词辨析。根据上文可知，Bailey背着另一个受伤的参赛者过终点线，去让她接受医疗救助，这展示了人类的善良。display意为“展示”，符合语境。故选B。
2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标II卷）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳
选项。
In April last year, I saw a post on the PNP(Pilots N Paws) website from a family in Topeka. They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight 41.______. They could not afford to pay for 42.______ for their dog, Tiffy, and 43 wanted to take her with them.
It just 44.______ that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who 45.______ to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. What I was to do was fly to Topeka to 46.______ Tiffy.
When I met Tiffy’s owners, they seemed very 47.______. George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was 48.______ for him, having to leave his dog to a 49.______ and trust that everything would 50.______.
After some goodbyes, I asked George and his wife to help me 51.______ Tiffy into the plane. I promised to take care of Tiffy and 52.______ them as soon as we got to Kansas City.
The flight was 53.______, and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she 54.______ with Karen and made it back to George in Virginia within a few days. He was so 55.______ and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures. It felt great to know that I had helped bring this family together again.
41. A. turn B. budget C. schedule D. connection
42. A. food B. shelter C. medicine D. transportation
43. A. desperately B. temporarily C. secretly D. originally
44. A. appeared B. proved C. happened D. showed
45. A. waited B. offered C. hurried D. failed
46. A. see off B. look for C. hand over D. pick up
47. A. confused B. nervous C. annoyed D. curious
48. A. hard B. fine C. common D. lucky
49. A. coworker B. passenger C. stranger D. neighbor
50. A. speed up B. work outC. come back D. take off
51. A. feed B. follow C. change D. load
52. A. call B. join C. leave D. serve
53. A. unnecessary B. unexpected C. unavoidable D. uneventful
54. A. returned B. fought C. flew D. agreed
55. A. thankful B. generous C. proud D. sympathetic
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过参与PNP（Pilots N Paws）项目，帮助一只名叫Tiffy的狗从托皮卡飞往弗吉尼亚，与主人团聚的故事。作者详细描述了他们的相遇、飞行和后续的交流，展现了他为助人团聚所付出的努力，使读者感受到了爱心和温暖。
41. B考查名词辨析。根据设空后的提示信息“They could not afford to”可知，此处是指他们的预算非常紧张。budget意为“预算”，符合语境。故选B。
42. D考查名词辨析。根据上文的“They had to move to Virginia”可知，此处指他们无法支付他们的狗Tiffy的运输费。transportation意为“运输，运送”，符合语境。故选D。
43. A考查副词辨析。根据上文语境可知，此处指Tiffy的主人迫切想带她和他们一起去弗吉尼亚。desperately意为“迫切地”；temporarily意为“暂时地”；secretly意为“秘密地”；originally意为“起初”。故选A。
44. C考查动词辨析。根据设空后的“I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot”，并结合文章开头的“I saw a post on the PNP(Pilots N Paws) website”可推知，此处指作者碰巧正在和另一位飞行员Karen计划另一次PNP飞行。appear意为“出现”；prove意为“证明”；happen意为“碰巧”；show意为“显示”。故选C。
45. B考查动词辨析。根据上下文语境可知，此处指Karen自愿带Tiffy从堪萨斯城到弗吉尼亚。offer意为“主动提供，自愿给予”，符合语境。故选B。
46. D考查动词短语辨析。上文提到Tiffy是在托皮卡市，Karen自愿将Tiffy从堪萨斯城送到弗吉尼亚。根据语境可知，此处指作者要做的是“乘飞机到托皮卡（Topeka）去接Tiffy”。see off意为“送别”；look for意为“寻找”；hand over意为“交出”；pick up意为“接人”。故选D。
47. B考查形容词辨析。根据设空后的“George, the husband, was trying to be calm”可推知，当作者遇到Tiffy的主人时，他们似乎很紧张。confused意为“困惑的”；nervous意为“紧张的”；annoyed意为“恼火的”；curious意为“好奇的”。故选B。
48. A考查形容词辨析。根据语境和常识可知，对于George来说，把他的狗留给一个陌生人是很难的。hard意为“困难的”，符合语境。故选A。
49. C考查名词辨析。对于George来说，把他的狗留给一个陌生人并相信一切都会顺利，这是很难的。stranger意为“陌生人”，符合语境。故选C。
50. B考查动词短语辨析。对于George来说，把他的狗留给一个陌生人并相信一切都会顺利，这是很难的。speed up意为“加速”；work out意为“解决；进展顺利”；come back意为“回来”；take off意为“起飞”。故选B。
51. D考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指在告别后，作者请George和他的妻子帮忙把Tiffy装进飞机。load意为“装载”，符合语境。故选D。
52. A考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指作者答应照顾Tiffy，并在到达堪萨斯城后立即打电话给他们。call意为“打电话”；join意为“加入”；leave意为“离开”；serve意为“服务”。故选A。
53. D考查形容词辨析。根据设空后的“Tiffy was a great passenger”及下文的“made it back to George in Virginia”可知，这次飞行很平静，很顺利。unnecessary意为“不必要的”；unexpected意为“意想不到的”；unavoidable意为“无法避免的”；uneventful意为“平静的”。故选D。
54. C考查动词辨析。根据上文“Karen自愿带Tiffy从堪萨斯城到弗吉尼亚”的语境可知，此处指第二天，Tiffy和Karen一起乘飞机。fly意为“飞行，航行”，符合语境。故选C。
55. A考查形容词辨析。结合作者帮George一家运送狗这件事可知，George非常感激。thankful意为“感激的”；generous意为“慷慨的”；proud意为“骄傲的”；sympathetic意为“同情的”。故选A。
