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连词虽小作用大,句子之间全靠它。
并列转折与因果,选对连词分数拿。
一、先讲清楚:什么是连词
连词是连接单词、短语或句子的词语。中考英语中,连词主要分两大类:
· 并列连词:连接地位相同的成分。常见的有 and(和,而且),but(但是),or(或者;否则),so(所以),for(因为,表推测原因),yet(然而)。
· 从属连词:连接主句和从句。常见的有 because(因为),although / though(虽然),if(如果),unless(除非),when(当……时),while(而;当……时),as soon as(一……就),until(直到),before(在……之前),after(在……之后),since(自从;既然),so that(以便)。
另外,连接代词和连接副词(what,how,which,who,why,where,when,that)在宾语从句、主语从句和表语从句中频繁出现,河北中考常常将它们放在连词考点中一并考查。
二、前测:热身填空(共8空)
读下面短文,根据语境填上恰当的连词(每空一词)。
I woke up late this morning, (1) ________ I didn’t have time for breakfast. I ran to the bus stop, (2) ________ the bus had already left. “(3) ________ I don’t hurry to school, I will be late for the first class,” I thought. Just then, my friend Li Ming rode by on his bike. He stopped and asked me, “(4) ________ are you so worried?” I told him what happened. He said, “Get on my bike. I will take you.” (5) ________ we were riding, he talked about the coming math exam. “(6) ________ you go over your mistakes carefully, you will pass it easily,” he said. We arrived at school just before the bell rang. (7) ________ I was still a little hungry, I felt very lucky. That day I truly understood (8) ________ a true friend means.
三、备考指导:最常考、最实用的连词
1. 初中阶段必须掌握的连词(全)
并列连词(6个)
· and —— 和,而且(表顺承或并列)
· but —— 但是(表转折)
· or —— 或者;否则(表选择或警告)
· so —— 所以(表结果)
· for —— 因为(表补充原因,较正式)
· yet —— 然而(表转折,语气强)
从属连词(12个)
· because —— 因为(表直接原因,不与so同用)
· although / though —— 虽然(表让步,不与but同用)
· if —— 如果(条件)
· unless —— 除非;如果不(等于if not)
· when —— 当……时(可指时间点或时间段)
· while —— 当……时;而(侧重持续动作或对比)
· as soon as —— 一……就……
· until / till —— 直到……才(常与not连用)
· before —— 在……之前
· after —— 在……之后
· since —— 自从;既然(时间或原因)
· so that —— 以便,为了(表目的)
连接代词和连接副词(9个)
· what —— 什么;所……的(引导名词性从句)
· how —— 怎样;多么(引导从句)
· which —— 哪一个(引导从句)
· who —— 谁(引导从句)
· whom —— 谁(宾格,引导从句)
· whose —— 谁的(引导从句)
· why —— 为什么(引导从句)
· where —— 哪里(引导从句)
· that —— 无实义(引导名词性从句或定语从句)
以上共27个连词及相关词,覆盖河北中考常考范围。教师无需全部讲解,可优先标注加粗的12个高频词。
2. 四大必考连词句型
句型一:并列结构
A, and B(递进);A, but B(转折);A, or B(否则);A, so B(结果)
例:Study hard, or you will fail the exam.
例:He is very tired, but he keeps working.
句型二:原因与结果
... because ...(不能说 because ... so ...)
例:I was late because I missed the early bus.
注意:for 也可表原因,但通常放在后半句,如 It must be raining, for the ground is wet.
句型三:条件与让步
if ...(如果);unless ...(除非);although ...(虽然)
注意:although 和 but 不能同时出现在一个句子里。
例:If you ask him for help, he will come.
例:Unless it rains, we will go hiking.
句型四:时间状语从句(主将从现)
when / as soon as / until + 一般现在时,主句用一般将来时
例:I will tell him the news as soon as he comes back.
例:She didn't leave until the rain stopped.
3. 考场三个易错点
· 混用 because 和 so:Because he was ill, so he didn't come. ❌ 应去掉 so,或去掉 Because。
· 混用 although 和 but:Although he is young, but he knows a lot. ❌ 应去掉 but。
· 否定句中的并列:I don't like apples and bananas. ❌ 应把 and 改成 or —— I don't like apples or bananas. ✅
四、后测:实战短文填空(共8空)
读下面短文,根据语境填入恰当的连词(每空一词)。
Last weekend, our class went on a trip to the Science Museum. (1) ________ we arrived, the guide showed us a robot. The robot could talk and dance, (2) ________ it couldn't sing. My classmate Zhang Wei asked the guide, “Excuse me, (3) ________ does the robot understand our questions?” The guide smiled and said, “It can, (4) ________ you speak clearly and slowly.” Then we went into a 3D cinema. I forgot to bring my 3D glasses, (5) ________ I couldn't see the movie clearly. Zhang Wei shared his with me and said, “(6) ________ you need anything, just let me know.” I was deeply moved. (7) ________ the trip lasted only three hours, I learned a lot about (8) ________ science makes our life easier.
五、参考答案
前测答案
1. so 2. but 3. If 4. Why 5. As / When / While 6. If 7. Though / Although 8. what
后测答案
1. When 2. but 3. how 4. if 5. so 6. If 7. Although / Though 8. how
连词选对,句子生辉。
中考多练,笔下生威。
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