一、什么是定语从句
定语从句：修饰名词/代词的从句，放在被修饰词后面。
被修饰的词叫先行词；引导从句的词叫关系词（关系代词/关系副词）。
结构：先行词 + 关系词 + 从句
例句：
The girl who is reading is my sister.
先行词：the girl；从句修饰女孩
二、中考必考关系代词（5个）
who、whom、whose、which、that
1. who
指代人，在从句中作主语/宾语
例：I know the boy who can play basketball.（作主语）
2. whom
指代人，只作宾语，口语常用who代替
例：The man whom we met is a teacher.（作宾语）
3. which
指代物/动物，作主语、宾语
例：The book which is on the desk is mine.
4. whose
表所属，谁的；人/物都能用
结构：whose + 名词
例：This is the student whose father is a doctor.
5. that
中考最常考！既可指人，也可指物，可代替who/which
例：
The bike that he bought is new.（指物）
The woman that helped me is kind.（指人）
三、关系副词（中考常考3个）
when(时间)、where(地点)、why(原因)
• when：先行词表时间，从句不缺主宾
I still remember the day when we met.
• where：先行词表地点，从句不缺主宾
This is the school where I study.
• why：先行词是reason，表原因
I know the reason why he was late.
四、中考必背：只能用that，不能用which的情况
1. 先行词有最高级、序数词修饰
2. 先行词有all, little, much, everything, nothing等不定代词
3. 先行词被the only, the very修饰
4. 先行词既有人又有物
口诀：序最唯物不定代，人和物都只用that
五、只能用which，不能用that的情况
1. 介词后面
This is the room in which I live.
2. 逗号后面（非限制性定语从句）
He has a new car, which is very expensive.
六、关系词省略规则
关系代词在从句中作宾语时，可以省略；
作主语时绝对不能省！
例：
The movie (that/which) we watched is great.（作宾语，可省）
The movie that is on show is great.（作主语，不可省）
七、中考易错点：主谓一致
定语从句的谓语单复数看先行词
1. He is the only one of the students who has passed the exam.
（先行词the only one，单数）
2. He is one of the students who have passed the exam.
（先行词students，复数）
八、一句话做题口诀
先找先行词，再看人或物；
主宾用代who which that，
时间when地点where原因why；
介后逗号用which，序最不定只用that。
下面给你配一些中考定语从句
专项练习题+答案
中考定语从句 填空专项练习
（无选项，夯实基础）
请用 who, whom, whose, which, that, when, where, why 填空，每空一词。
1. The boy ______ plays football is my brother.
2. This is the bike ______ I bought last week.
3. I still remember the day ______ I first came to this school.
4. This is the classroom ______ we study every day.
5. Tell me the reason ______ you are late again.
6. All ______ you said is true.
7. He is the best student ______ I have ever known.
8. The girl ______ hair is long is my deskmate.
9. The man ______ we visited yesterday is a famous doctor.
10. This is the only book ______ I want to read.
11. I like songs ______ are quiet and gentle.
12. We talked about the teachers and schools ______ we had known.
13. This is the room in ______ I was born.
14. The person ______ helps others is always popular.
15. I will never forget the days ______ we lived together.
单项选择
1. The girl ___ is singing on the stage is my classmate.
A. which B. who C. what D. whose
2. This is the pen ___ I bought yesterday.
A. that B. what C. when D. where
3. I will never forget the day ___ I joined the club.
A. which B. when C. where D. why
4. This is the park ___ we often take a walk.
A. when B. that C. where D. which
5. The reason ___ he was late is that he missed the bus.
A. why B. that C. which D. what
6. All ___ we need is more time.
A. which B. that C. what D. who
7. He is the most honest boy ___ I have ever met.
A. which B. who C. that D. whom
8. The book ___ cover is blue is mine.
A. whose B. that C. which D. what
9. This is the man ___ we met at the party last night.
A. what B. whom C. which D. whose
10. There are many students ___ play basketball on the playground.
A. who B. which C. where D. when
11. This is the only house ___ I like very much.
A. which B. that C. what D. when
12. I like the movies ___ have happy endings.
A. which B. when C. where D. why
13. The man ___ car is black is my uncle.
A. who B. which C. whose D. that
14. We talked about the people and things ___ we remembered in our school.
A. which B. that C. who D. what
15. This is the room in ___ I lived for five years.
A. that B. which C. where D. when
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参考答案
1. who / that
2. which / that
3. when
4. where
5. why
6. that
7. that
8. whose
9. whom / who / that
10. that
11. which / that
12. that
13. which
14. who / that
15. when
单选题答案+详细解析
1. B
先行词the girl指人，从句缺主语，用who。
2. A
先行词the pen指物，可用that/which，选项只有that。
3. B
先行词表时间the day，从句不缺主宾，用when。
4. C
先行词表地点the park，从句不缺主宾，用where。
5. A
先行词reason表原因，固定用why。
6. B
先行词有不定代词All，只能用that。
7. C
先行词有最高级the most honest，只能用that。
8. A
表“……的”，用whose + 名词cover。
9. B
先行词指人，从句作宾语，用whom。
10. A
先行词students指人，从句缺主语，用who。
11. B
先行词有the only修饰，只能用that。
12. A
先行词movies指物，从句缺主语，用which/that。
13. C
表示“某人的车”，用whose。
14. B
先行词既有人又有物，只能用that。
15. B
介词in后面，只能用which，不能用that。
