四级阅读真题精讲 | 人类与自然的联系

2024年12月四级·第一套·仔细阅读 Passage One 答案速查：46-50 CABCD

1. 一、文章主题概述

本文选自2024年12月大学英语四级考试第一套试卷的仔细阅读Passage One，主题围绕**“人与自然联系的弱化”**展开，探讨了现代人逐渐远离自然的现象及其负面影响，并提出了通过种植蔬果来重新建立人与自然联系的解决方案。

这篇文章是四级阅读中典型的**"社会现象分析+建议"类文章**，结构清晰：提出问题→分析问题→解决问题。掌握这类文章的行文逻辑，有助于快速定位答案。

2. 二、原文重现（基于真题还原）

The weakening of the human connection to nature might be good for economic growth but is bad for people.

Questions 46-50 are based on the following passage.

The weakening of the human connection to nature might be good for economic growth but is bad for people. Scholars have documented that people in modern societies have become increasingly detached from the natural world. Popular culture, such as movies, television shows and advertisements, increasingly reflects urban life and has little reference to the natural world.

Research has shown that disconnection from nature is harmful. People who spend less time in nature are more likely to suffer from depression and anxiety. They also tend to be less creative and have difficulty concentrating.

The author proposes that people should reconnect with nature through “the right to grow.” This concept suggests that everyone should have the right to grow their own food, even in urban areas. Vegetable planting has long been used to increase food supply and improve urban landscape. Historically, during both World Wars, governments encouraged people to plant vegetables in their gardens to supplement food supplies.

Publicly accessible fruit and vegetable gardens can do more than just provide food — they can enhance people’s community spirit. When people work together in community gardens, they build relationships with their neighbors and develop a sense of belonging.

3. 三、核心词汇精讲

3.1 🔑 高频核心词

3.2 🔗 派生词与搭配

• detached from → 与……分离（常考搭配）
• suffer from → 遭受……（疾病/痛苦）
• tend to → 倾向于（高频词组）
• have difficulty (in) doing → 做某事有困难
• more than just → 不仅仅是
• community spirit → 社区精神/社区凝聚力

4. 四、长难句精析

4.1 📌 长难句 1

“Scholars have documented that people in modern societies have become increasingly detached from the natural world.”

句子结构： 主语(Scholars) + 谓语(have documented) + that宾语从句

难点分析：

• increasingly detached 是副词+过去分词构成的复合形容词，表示"日益脱离的"
• document 此处作动词，意为"记录、证明"，非常见含义
• detached from 是固定搭配

中文翻译： 学者们已记录下证据，表明现代社会中的人们正日益与自然界脱节。

4.2 📌 长难句 2

“Publicly accessible fruit and vegetable gardens can do more than just provide food — they can enhance people’s community spirit.”

句子结构： 破折号连接两个并列分句

难点分析：

• publicly accessible = 公众可进入的（副词+形容词构成的复合词）
• more than just = 不仅仅是（强调后面还有更多功能）
• 破折号后补充说明"更多功能"具体是什么

中文翻译： 公众可进入的果蔬园能做的远不止提供食物——它们还能增强人们的社区精神。

4.3 📌 长难句 3

“Vegetable planting has long been used to increase food supply and improve urban landscape.”

句子结构： 主语(Vegetable planting) + 被动语态(has been used) + 不定式目的状语

难点分析：

• has long been used → 现在完成时的被动语态，强调"长期以来一直被使用"
• 两个不定式 to increase...and improve... 并列，说明种植蔬菜的双重目的
• urban landscape → 城市景观（常考词组）

中文翻译： 种植蔬菜长期以来一直被用来增加粮食供应和改善城市景观。

5. 五、题目精讲

5.1 Q46. What does the author want to emphasise in the first paragraph?

答案：C) It is unwise to weaken the human connection to nature. （削弱人与自然的联系是不明智的。）

解题思路：

• 题型： 主旨大意题 → 关注首段核心观点
• 定位： 第一句话直接点明 “The weakening of the human connection to nature might be good for economic growth but is bad for people.”
• 关键：but is bad for people 转折之后是重点，作者强调削弱人与自然联系对人类有害
• 排除： A、B 未提及经济优先；D 是无关信息

5.2 Q47. What did researchers find about popular culture?

答案：A) It is increasingly detached from the natural world. （它正日益脱离自然界。）

解题思路：

• 题型： 细节题 → 精准定位 + 同义替换
• 定位： “Popular culture…increasingly reflects urban life and has little reference to the natural world.”
• 同义替换：has little reference to ≈ detached from（几乎不涉及 ≈ 脱离）
• 关键：increasingly 是答案中的原词复现

5.3 Q48. What does the author propose people do?

答案：B) Reconnect with nature through the right to grow. （通过种植的权利重新与自然建立联系。）

解题思路：

• 题型： 细节建议题 → 关注 propose/suggest/advise 等词
• 定位： “The author proposes that people should reconnect with nature through ‘the right to grow.’”
• 解题技巧： 题干问作者建议，直接找 propose 后面的内容，答案几乎是对原文的复述
• 干扰项排除： A（搬到农村）过度推断；C（减少经济活动）无中生有；D（多看电影）与文意相反

5.4 Q49. What do we learn from the passage about vegetable planting?

答案：C) It has long been used to increase food supply and improve urban landscape. （它长期以来一直被用来增加粮食供应和改善城市景观。）

解题思路：

• 题型： 细节推断题
• 定位： “Vegetable planting has long been used to increase food supply and improve urban landscape.”
• 解题技巧： 这是一道原文原句题，答案几乎完全对应原文
• 注意： 四级阅读中，若某个选项与原文几乎一模一样，往往是正确答案

5.5 Q50. What can publicly accessible fruit and vegetable gardens do apart from their practical functions?

答案：D) Enhance people’s community spirit. （增强人们的社区精神。）

解题思路：

• 题型： 细节题 → 注意题干中的 apart from
• 定位： “Publicly accessible fruit and vegetable gardens can do more than just provide food — they can enhance people’s community spirit.”
• 关键：more than just = apart from，题干问的是"除了实际功能（提供食物）之外"
• 答案： 破折号之后的内容 → enhance community spirit

6. 六、答题技巧总结

6.1 🎯 本文用到的核心技巧

6.2 💡 备考建议

2. 先读题后读文：带着问题去读文章，效率更高
3. 注意转折词：but, however, yet 后面往往是考点
4. 关注首尾段：四级阅读的主旨通常在首段或尾段
5. 积累同义替换：这是四级阅读考察的核心能力
6. 善用排除法：无法确定时，先排除明显错误的选项

📖 持续更新四六级备考干货，关注不迷路！

本文基于2024年12月大学英语四级考试真题整理，仅供学习参考。