【北京高考CD篇攻坚】2023北京真题D篇详解----人工生命

四季读书网 2026-04-30 11:23:05 3 0

解题关键

31题：理解But even this dismissal suggests something: perhaps, just like life itself throughout the universe, the rise of ALife will prove unavoidable.但即便我们这样轻看它，依然能得出一个结论：或许，就像宇宙中无处不在的生命本身一样，人工生命的兴起，终将是一件无法阻挡的事。

33题：理解Artificial intelligence may be considered ALife's cousin in that researchers in both fields are enamored by a concept called open-ended evolution.人工智能可以被看作人工生命的“表亲”，因为两个领域的研究者都对“开放式演化”这一概念感兴趣。

34题：理解But even this dismissal suggests something: perhaps, just like life itself throughout the universe, the rise of ALife will prove unavoidable.但即便我们这样轻看它，依然能得出一个结论：或许，就像宇宙中无处不在的生命本身一样，人工生命的兴起，终将是一件无法阻挡的事。

长难句拆解

1. Many of these practitioners, so-called ALifers, think【that somehow making life is the surest way to really understand (what life is)】.

句子骨架：Many of these practitioners ... think that ...

（主：Many of these practitioners；谓：think；宾语从句：that ...）

- 插入语 so-called ALifers 补充说明主语

- 宾语从句内部骨架：making life is the surest way ...- 主语：动名词短语 making life

- 表语：the surest way

- 后置定语：to really understand what life is ，其中又嵌套宾语从句 what life is

- 中文：许多这类从业者（所谓的“人工生命研究者”）认为，以某种方式创造生命，才是真正理解生命本质的最可靠途径。

2. Artificial intelligence may be considered ALife’s cousin【in that researchers in both fields are enamored by a concept (called open-ended evolution)】.

句子骨架：Artificial intelligence may be considered ALife’s cousin ...（主：Artificial intelligence；谓：may be considered；补：ALife’s cousin）

- in that 引导原因状语从句，表“因为/由于”

- 从句骨架：researchers ... are enamored by a concept ...- 后置定语 called open-ended evolution 修饰 concept

- 中文：人工智能可以被视作人工生命的“表亲”，因为两个领域的研究者都痴迷于一个名为“开放式演化”的概念。

3. Its muddled progression is a striking parallel to the evolutionary struggles【that have shaped Earth biosphere】.

句子骨架：Its muddled progression is a striking parallel ...

（主：Its muddled progression；系：is；表：a striking parallel）

- 后置定语 to the evolutionary struggles 修饰 parallel

- 定语从句 that have shaped Earth biosphere 修饰 struggles

- 中文：它这种混乱的发展过程，与塑造了地球生物圈的演化斗争惊人地相似。

原文

What is life? Like most great questions, this one is easy to ask but difficult to answer. The reason is simple: we know of just one type of life and it's challenging to do science with a sample size of one. The field of artificial life — called ALife for short — is the systematic attempt to spell out life's fundamental principles. Many of these practitioners, so-called ALifers, think that somehow making life is the surest way to really understand what life is.

So far no one has convincingly made artificial life. This track record makes ALife a ripe target for criticism, such as declarations of the field's doubtful scientific value. Alan Smith, a complexity scientist, is tired of such complaints. Asking about "the point" of ALife might be, well, missing the point entirely, he says. "The existence of a living system is not about the use of anything," Alan says. "Some people ask me, 'So what's the worth of artificial life?' Do you ever think, 'What is the worth of your grandmother?''

As much as many ALifers hate emphasising their research's applications, the attempts to create artificial life could have practical payoffs. Artificial intelligence may be considered ALife's cousin in that researchers in both fields are enamored by a concept called open-ended evolution (演化). This is the capacity for a system to create essentially endless complexity, to be a sort of "novelty generator'. The only system known to exhibit this is Earth's biosphere. If the field of ALife manages to reproduce life's endless "creativity" in some virtual model, those same principles could give rise to truly inventive machines.

Compared with the developments of AI, advances in ALife are harder to recognise. One reason is that ALife is a field in which the central concept — life itself — is undefined. The lack of agreement among ALifers doesn't help either. The result is a diverse line of projects that each advance along their unique paths. For better or worse, ALife mirrors the very subject it studies. Its muddled (混乱的) progression is a striking parallel (平行线) to the evolutionary struggles that have shaped Earth biosphere.

Undefined and uncontrolled, ALife drives its followers to repurpose old ideas and generated novelty. It may be, of course, that these characteristics aren't in any way surprising or singular. They may apply universally to all acts of evolution. Ultimately ALife may be nothing special. But even this dismissal suggests something: perhaps, just like life itself throughout the universe, the rise of ALife will prove unavoidable.

31.Regarding Alan Smith's defence of ALife, the author is ________.

A. supportive

B. puzzled

C. unconcerned

D. doubtful

32.What does the word "enamored"underlined in Paragraph 3 most probably mean?

A. Shocked.

B. Protected.

C. Attracted.

D. Challenged.

33.What can we learn from this passage?

A. ALife holds the key to human future.

B. ALife and AI share a common feature.

C. AI mirrors the developments of ALife.

D. AI speeds up the process of human evolution.

34.Which would be the best title for the passage?

A. Life Is Undefined. Can AI Be a Way Out?

B. Life Evolves. Can AI Help ALife Evolve, Too?

C. Life Is Undefined. Can ALife Be Defined One Day?

D. Life Evolves. Can Attempts to Create ALife Evolve, Too?

生命是什么？和绝大多数宏大的问题一样，这个问题问起来简单，回答起来却无比困难。原因很简单：人类目前已知的生命只有一种，仅凭这一个样本开展科学研究，本身就极具挑战。人工生命领域（简称ALife），就是系统性梳理生命底层根本原理的学科。投身该领域的许多研究者——也就是所谓的"人工生命研究者'——认为，以人工方式创造生命，是真正弄懂生命本质的最可靠途径。

迄今为止，还没有人成功创造出令人信服的人工生命。这样的发展现状，让人工生命领域饱受诟病，很多人宣称这一学科的科学价值值得怀疑。复杂性科学家艾伦·史密斯早已厌倦这类非议。他表示，纠结人工生命"有什么用'，本身就完全偏离了核心本质。他指出："生命系统的存在，本身无关任何实用价值。有人问我'人工生命的价值是什么？'，那你会去思考'你祖母的价值是什么吗？''

尽管很多人工生命研究者不愿过度强调这项研究的实用用途，但创造人工生命的尝试，确实能带来实际收益。人工智能可以视作人工生命的"近亲'：两个领域的研究者，都深深痴迷于一个叫做"开放式演化'的概念。开放式演化，指一个系统能够衍生出近乎无限的复杂性，成为源源不断的"新生事物发生器'。目前已知具备这一特性的系统，只有地球生物圈。如果人工生命领域能在虚拟模型中复刻生命这种无穷的"创造能力'，这套相同的原理，就有可能催生出真正具备自主创造力的智能机器。

和人工智能的发展相比，人工生命领域的进步更难被察觉。其中一个原因是：人工生命的核心概念——"生命'本身，至今没有明确的定义。该领域的研究者们对此也没有统一共识，这也让进展更加艰难。最终就形成了大量各不相同的研究项目，各自沿着专属的路径推进。无论好坏，人工生命本身，正复刻着它所研究的生命本身。它混乱模糊的发展轨迹，和塑造了地球生物圈的漫长演化挣扎过程，形成了惊人的呼应。

没有明确定义、也不受完全掌控的人工生命，推动着从业者们重新解读旧思想、不断创造全新事物。当然，这些特质或许并不稀奇、也并非人工生命独有，而是适用于世间一切演化行为。说到底，人工生命或许本就没有什么特殊之处。但即便我们这样轻看它，依然能得出一个结论：或许，就像宇宙中无处不在的生命本身一样，人工生命的兴起，终将是一件无法阻挡的事。

31.对于艾伦·史密斯为人工生命所作的辩护，作者的态度是______

A. 支持的

B. 困惑的

C. 漠不关心的

D. 怀疑的

32.第3段划线单词"enamored'最有可能的含义是？

A. 震惊的

B. 被保护的

C. 被吸引的、痴迷的

D. 受到挑战的

33.我们可以从这篇文章中得知以下哪一项？

A. 人工生命掌握着人类的未来

B. 人工生命与人工智能拥有共同特点

C. 人工智能复刻了人工生命的发展

D. 人工智能加快了人类演化的进程

34.下列哪一项最适合作为本文的最佳标题？

A. 生命尚无定义，人工智能会是破局之道吗？

B. 生命在不断演化，人工智能也能助力人工生命演化吗？

C. 生命尚无定义，人工生命终有一日能被定义清楚吗？

D. 生命在不断演化，创造人工生命的尝试也会持续演进吗？

高频单词

- artificial：形容词，人工的；人造的

- evolution：名词，演化；进化

- evolve：动词，演化；进化；发展

- complexity：名词，复杂性；复杂事物

- undefined：形容词，未定义的；不明确的

- attempts：名词/动词复数，尝试；试图

- principle：名词，原则；原理

- criticism：名词，批评；批判

- mirrors：动词/名词复数，反映；镜子

- existence：名词，存在；生存

- applications：名词复数，应用；用途

- practical：形容词，实际的；实用的

- virtual：形容词，虚拟的

- model：名词/动词，模型；模拟

- inventive：形容词，有创造力的；发明的

- uncontrolled：形容词，不受控制的；无约束的

- novelty：名词，新奇事物；新颖性

- parallel：名词/形容词，平行线；平行的

- struggle：名词/动词，斗争；挣扎

- universal：形容词，普遍的；通用的

- ultimately：副词，最终；归根结底

- unavoidable：形容词，不可避免的

高频短语

- artificial life：人工生命

- open-ended evolution：开放式演化

- fundamental principles：基本原理；根本原则

- living system：生命系统

- practical payoffs：实际收益；实用价值

- Earth's biosphere：地球生物圈

- give rise to：引发；产生

- central concept：核心概念

- lack of agreement：缺乏共识；意见不一

- evolutionary struggles：演化中的挣扎/斗争

- repurpose old ideas：改造旧想法；重新利用旧观点

- acts of evolution：演化行为；进化活动

- the rise of ALife：人工生命的兴起

- spell out life's principles：阐明生命的原理

- enamored by a concept：被一个概念所吸引/着迷

- mirrors the very subject：反映其研究对象本身

- endless complexity：无限复杂性

- novelty generator：新奇事物生成器

- advances in ALife：人工生命领域的进展

- for better or worse：无论好坏；不管怎样

声明：部分内容借助AI生成

本文地址： https://sjds.net/667495.html

文章来源：四季读书网