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写在前面的话:
1. 2023年起，一年两考的CATTI考试改为一年一考。
2.注解:
W:表示我的译文，灰色部分表示翻译错了
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汉译英 2（341字）
第一段
①日益严重的土地荒漠化不仅导致了生态环境恶化，还降低了资源的质量和数量，影响工农业生产和人民生活。
W:Gradually severeworsening land desertification not only leads to ecological and environmental deteriority deterioration but also reduces the quality and quantity of in resources, and affects as well as affect industrial and agricultural productivity生产率，生产能力production and people's life lives.
D:3Increasing desertification has led to deteriorated ecological environment and compromised quality and quantity of resources, affecting industrial and agricultural production and people’s lives.
2 The increasingly serious issue of land desertification not only leads to environmental degradation, but also reduces the quantity and quality of resources. It disturbs agricultural and industrial production and people’s life.
1①The increasingly serious land desertification not only leads to the deterioration of the ecological environment, but also reduces the quality and quantityof resources, affecting industrial and agricultural production and people's lives,
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词汇积累：
severe/sɪˈvɪr/
adj.十分严重的，极为恶劣的；艰巨的，严峻的；（惩罚、批评）严厉的，重的；严厉的，苛刻的；不加装饰的，朴素的
deterioration/dɪˌtɪəriəˈreɪʃ(ə)n//dɪˌtɪriəˈreɪʃn/n.恶化
inferior /ɪnˈfɪəriə(r)//ɪnˈfɪriər/
adj.次的，较差的；低等的，下级的；自卑的；（法庭，特别法庭）下级的；（商品，服务）需求量在衰退期中较之繁荣期更大的，低档的；（位置）下方的，下位的，靠下的；（字母，数字，符号）下标的；低等的
n.下级，（地位或成就）低于他人者；下标字母，下标数字，下标符号
interior /ɪnˈtɪəriə(r)//ɪnˈtɪriər/
adj.内部的，里面的；国内的，内政的；内心的，本质的；内陆的，腹地的
n.内部，里面；内陆，腹地；（本国的）内政，内务；（建筑物或房间内的）内景；内心，本质
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②对民族团结和社会安定造成了严重影响，
它已成为
制约中国中西地区，特别是西北地区经济、社会发展
的重要因素。
W:It has had a serious impact on national integrity unity and social safetysecuritystability. It also has been an important factor to curbhindering China's economic and social development in the middlecentraland western areas/regions of China, especially inthenorthwestern area/region.
D:1②and having a serious impact on national unity and social stability. It has become an important factor restrictingtheeconomic and social development of central and western China, especiallythe northwestern region.
2Desertification is a severe disruption to national unity and social stability and an economic and social constraint for the development in central and western China, especially the northwestern region.
3 , and leaves a dramatic impact on ethnic unity and social stability. Indeed, it has acted as a big drag on economic and social development in western and central China, especially in the northwest.
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词汇积累：
领土完整与民族团结territorialintegrityand ethnic solidarity/ˌsɒlɪˈdærəti/
民族团结进步 ethnic unity, progress
第二段
①在中国，土地荒漠化的后果是：加剧人地矛盾，缩小人类生存空间。
W:In China, the consequences of land desertification is to boostintensify the contradictcontradiction/conflictbetween humans and land, narrow the living spaces of for humans.
D:1In China, the consequences of land desertification are as follows. First, it aggravates the contradiction between people and land and reduces the living space for humans.
2In China, growing tension between people and land and dwindling living space may come in the wake of desertification.
3In China, the consequence of desertification is a growing mismatch between population growth and land loss, along with reduced space of human existence.
词汇积累：
aggravate/ˈæɡrəveɪt/v.使加重，使恶化；惹怒，激怒
②中国每年新增人口约 1400 万，沙化土地年均增加 3436 平方公里，耕地面积逐年减少。
W:Theannualnew population ofinChina each year is about 14 million and the area of land turning to desertification increases byboost 3,436 kilo meter squaresquare kilometerson the averageeach year/each year.However, the acreage of the landing has declined year by year.
population单复数？
D:1 China's population increases by about 14 million every year, and desertified land expands by an average of 3,436 square kilometers annually. The area of cultivated land decreases year by year,
adj.有教养的，有修养的；（土地）用于耕作的；（为出售而）栽培的，培植的
v.开垦，耕作；栽培，培育；陶冶，培养（cultivate 的过去式和过去分词）
arean.地区，区域；场地，地方；领域；面积；部位；罚球区
2 Every year, the country’s population increases by about 14 million, while an average of 3,436 square kilometers of land is lost to desertification, leading to a progressive decline of arable land.
3 While China adds about 14 million people each year, it has seen an average annual increase of 3,436 square kilometers in the area of desertified land andarableland loss for consecutive years.
/ˈærəb(ə)l/adj.与种植有关的n.耕地
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③人地矛盾日益突出，大约 2.4 万村庄、乡镇遭受风沙危害。一些村庄、县城被迫多次搬迁。
W:The contradiction over Humans and land has been a significant problem. There are 2,400024,000villiages villagesand towns suffering from the danger of severe dust and sandstorms.Some villiagesvillagesand towns has have been forced to remove many times.
contradictoryadj.相互矛盾的，对立的；好反驳的，爱争辩的n.矛盾命题
removevt.移开，拿开；除去，废除；把……免职，开除；脱下，摘下；<史，南非> 依法迫迁；远离；不同于，迥异于；<旧> 搬家
n.<正式> 距离，间距；<史>（一些英国学校中的）年级
D:1and the contradiction between people and land becomes increasingly prominent. Approximately 24,000 villages and towns have suffered from strong winds and sandstorms, and some villages and counties have been forced torelocate many times.
2The tug-of-war 拔河；拉锯战between humanity and desertification is more prominent than ever before, with around 24,000 villages and towns subjected toland desertification. Residents in some villages and towns even have been forced to relocate many times.
v.（用力地）拉，拖，拽；（迅速地）穿（衣服）；用拖船拖（船）；努力做
n.拖船；猛拉，拽；一股强烈的感情；强大的吸引力；（滑翔机的）拖航飞机；（系在马鞍上支承车杠或挽绳的）圆环；苦干；竞争，较量
3In theexacerbated/ɪɡˈzæsərbeɪt/v.使恶化，使加剧relationship between people and land, approximately 24,000 villages and towns areplagued /pleɪɡ/
n.瘟疫，传染病；鼠疫（尤指腺鼠疫）；（老鼠或昆虫等肆虐造成的）灾害，祸患；普遍的祸害；烦恼事；<古>愿上天降灾难于……（a plague on）
v.困扰，折磨；烦扰，纠缠；使得灾祸
by wind and sand disasters.Some villages and county towns have been repeatedly forced to relocate.
第三段
①其次，加剧自然灾害的频率和程度，恶化生态环境，破坏人类生存条件。
W:In additionAdditionally, it deterioratesv.恶化，变坏the frequency and degreeseverity of natural disasters and eco-environment to damage the living conditions of humans.
D:1Second, it increases the frequency and severity/sɪˈverəti/of natural disasters, worsens the ecological environment and damages the living conditions of human beings. 人类：指地球上的智慧生物，包括人类的所有成员。
2 Second, desertification increases the frequency and severity of natural disasters and results in the deterioration of the environment, thus undermining the conditions for human survival.
3 Moreover, natrural disasters occur more frequently and ecological environment are deteriorating, exerting a negative impact on the living conditions of human beings.
4 Also, desertification causes more and worse natural disasters, deteriorates the ecological environment, and destroys the living conditions of mankind.n.人类；<古>男人，男子
词汇积累：
humans是human的名词复数n.[人类]人类（human 的复数形式）
②土地荒漠化是导致
中国近期沙尘暴频发，
荒漠化地区生物多样性骤减、
风蚀
及黄河中下游旱涝灾害频繁的
主要原因之一。
D:1 Land desertification is one of the main causes forthe frequent occurrence of sandstorms in China recently, the sharp decline in biodiversity in desertified areas, winderosion/ɪˈroʊʒ(ə)n/and the frequent occurrence of droughts /draʊt/and floods in themiddle and lower reaches ofthe Yellow River.
v.到达，抵达；被看见，被听到；达到（特定的水平或数量）；达到（一个特定的时间或阶段）；（经讨论或思考后）达成，实现；伸，伸手；能伸到，能够到；把……递给；（大或长等）足够达到；（用电话等）与……联系；影响，打动；（航海）横风航驶；为……提供帮助（reach out to）
n.（臂的）伸出；伸手可及的距离；可到达的距离；（权力或能力）能及的范围；边远地区；层级，层次；河段，直水道；（特定时期内）观众人数，听众人数；（航海）横风行程
2 It is partly responsible for China’s recent raging sand and dust storms,losing biodiversity and wind erosion in desertified areas, and frequent droughts and floods in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River.
3 In China, it is also one of the main reasons of frequent sandstorms over recent years, sharp decline in biodiversity and wind erosion in affected regions, and recurrent droughts and floods in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River.
4 Desertification is one of the leading cause of many disasters, including recent frequent sandstorms, a sharp decline inbiodiversity in desertified lands, wind erosion and frequent drought and flood in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River.
W:Land desertification is one of the primary causes to for the frequent occuranceoccurrenceof sandstorm, the significant decline of bio-diversity in desertificateddesertifiedareas, 风蚀wind erosion/ɪˈroʊʒ(ə)n/and frequent disaster of flooding in the medium middle/upstream and downstream in current China.
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“medium”意思是“中等的”或“媒介”，比如“medium size”（中等尺寸）、“social media”（社交媒体）。而“middle”是“中间的”，比如“middle of the road”（路中间）
n.新闻媒体，传媒（medium的复数形式）；媒体工作者；
（尤指血管壁的）中间层（复数mediaeˈmedɪə/[昆] 中型工蚁）；浊塞音；中脉
词汇积累：
上下游企业upper and lower reach enterprises/
upstream & downstreamfirm
③荒漠化地区的植被急剧减少，许多物种濒危或趋于灭绝。
W:The treevegetation coverage of desertificated areadesertifiedareashas dramatically adv.剧烈地，明显地；戏剧性地，夸张地drasticallyadv.（动作或变化）猛烈地，力度大地；极其，非常dropped so that numerous species are endangered and above on the brink of extinction.
D:1Vegetation in desertified areas has decreased sharply and many species are endangered oron thebrink 边缘ofextinction.
brick砖块
2 The declining vegetation in those areas endangers危及了 many species or puts them on the edge of extinction.
3 In these affected regions, vegetation cover is drastically reduced, and many species are endangered.
知识点:
问：are endangered（a.)还是直接endangered(v.过去式)？
答：are endangered（a.)
endangered(v.过去式)
问：dramatically、drastically区别？
答：“dramatically”强调戏剧性、夸张的变化，比如“The scene changed dramatically”（场景突然大变）。
而“drastically”指程度剧烈、彻底的变化，比如“Prices dropped drastically”（价格暴跌）
adj.极端的，激烈的
趋于：
他的观点趋于偏激。His views tend towards the extreme.
④荒漠化加剧生态环境恶化，水土流失越来越严重，
D:1 Desertification aggravatesthe deterioration /dɪˌtɪəriəˈreɪʃ(ə)n/of the ecological environment and soil erosion is becoming more and more serious.
2 Desertification also acceleratesthe deterioration process of the whole environment withsoilerosion growing severer.
词汇积累：
water and soil loss
水土流失：指由于人类活动、自然因素等原因导致土地表面的水和土壤流失的现象。
water and soil erosion
水土流失：指水流和风力作用下，土壤被破坏、搬运和堆积的过程。
water loss and soil erosion
水分流失和土壤侵蚀：指由于自然因素或人类活动导致土地表面水分流失和土壤被侵蚀的现象。
⑤中国每年输入黄河的16亿吨泥沙中，就有12亿吨来自荒漠化地区。
W:China has transported 1.6 billion 泥土 and sand into the Yellow River. Among them, there are 1.2 billion from the desertificateddesertified areas.
D:1Ofthe1.6 billion tons of sediment flowing into the Yellow River each year in China, 1.2 billion tons come from desertified areas.
/ˈsedɪmənt//ˈsedəmənt/
n.沉淀物，沉渣；（最终形成岩石层的沙、石等）沉积物
v.（液体）沉淀；沉积
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2 Of the 1.6 billion metric tons of sediment loads that the Yellow River carries every year, 1.2 billion come from these regions.
3 Of the 1.6 billion tons of sediment deposited into the Yellow River in China every year, 1.2 billion tons come from desertified areas....
4 It is said that of the 1.6 billion tonsof siltimported into the Yellow River by China every year, 1.2billion tons come from desertification areas.
/sɪlt/n.淤泥，泥沙；粉砂尘，泥沙层；（技）粉砂v.（使）淤塞
