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2025年考研英语一
1
Section IUse of English
第一部分 英语知识运用
Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
题目要求： 阅读以下文本，为每个标有空白的编号选择最合适的单词（或词组），并在答题卡上标注A、B、C或D。（10分）
Located in the southern Peloponnesian peninsula, Pavlopetri (the modern name of the site) emerged as a Neolithic settlement around 3500 B.C. This area of the Aegean Sea is __1__[A]relevant[B]prone[C]available[D]aliento earthquakes and tsunamis, which caused the city to __2__[A]accidentally[B]frequent[C]gradually[D]temporarilysink. The slow sea level rise in the Mediterranean __3__[A]disguised[B]submerged[C]relocated[D]isolatedthe city more than 3000 years ago.
帕夫洛佩特里（该遗址的现代名称）位于伯罗奔尼撒半岛南部，约公元前3500年作为新石器时代聚落出现。爱琴海这一区域易受 地震和海啸侵袭，导致该城市逐渐沉没。3000多年前，地中海缓慢的海平面上升淹没了这座城市。
For millennia, the city's __4__[A]legends[B]programs[C]remains[D]surroundings lay unseen below some 13 feet of water. They were covered by a thick layer of sand __5__[A]across[B]off[C]under[D]via the island of Laconia. In recent decades, shifting __6__[A]currents[B]rivers[C]seasons[D]winds and climate change have eroded a natural barrier that __7__[A]elevated[B]separated[C]comprised[D]protected Pavlopetri. In 1967, a scientific survey of the Peloponnesian coast was __8__[A]gathering[B]restoring[C]updating[D]supplying data to analyze change in sea levels __9__[A]when[B]until[C]after[D]onceBritish oceanographer Nicholas Flemming first spotted the sunken __10__. [A]belongings[B]resources[C]products[D]structures A year later, he returned with a few students to __11__[A]preserve[B]select[C]display[D]examine the location and map the site. The team identified some 15 buildings, courtyards, a network of streets, and two chamber tombs. __12__[A]Despite[B]Unlike[C]Besides[D]Among the exciting initial finds, the site would lie __13__[A]unchallenged[B]unknown[C]unorganized[D]undisturbedfor decades before archaeologists would return.
数千年来，城市遗迹沉睡在约13英尺深的水下，被拉科尼亚岛附近厚厚的沙层覆盖。近几十年来，洋流变化和气候变化侵蚀了原本保护帕夫洛佩特里的天然屏障。1967年，一支科考队在伯罗奔尼撒海岸进行海平面变化调查时，英国海洋学家尼古拉斯·弗莱明首次发现了这些水下建筑。次年，他带领学生重返该地勘测并绘制遗址地图，团队识别出约15座房屋、庭院、街道网络及两座墓室。尽管初期发现令人振奋，该遗址此后数十年仍无人打扰，直至考古学家再次回归。
In 2009 archaeologists Chrysanthi Gallon and Jon Henderson __14__[A]suspended[B]transferred[C]resumed[D]canceledexcavation of Pavlopetri in cooperation with the Greek Ministry of Culture. Since the 1960s, underwater archaeology __15__[A]policies[B]theories[C]documents[D]techniquesand tools had made huge advances. The team __16__[A]ordered[B]provided[C]employed[D]adjustedrobotics, sonar mapping, and state-of-the-art graphics to survey the site. From 2009 to 2013 they were able to bring the underwater town to __17__. [A]effect[B]light[C]reality[D]mindCovering about two and a half acres, Pavlopetri three main roads __18__[A]crossed[B]connected[C]blocked[D]alteredsome 50 rectangular buildings, all of which had open courtyards, Excavations revealed a large number of Minoan-style loom weights, __19__[A]expecting[B]suggesting[C]predicting[D]recallingPavlopetri was a thriving trade center with a __20__[A]robust[B]diverse[C]marginal[D]dependenttextile industry.
2009年，考古学家赫里桑西·加隆与乔恩·亨德森联合希腊文化部重启帕夫洛佩特里发掘工作。相较于1960年代，水下考古技术与工具已取得巨大进步。团队运用机器人技术、声呐测绘和尖端成像技术勘测遗址，在2009至2013年间成功让这座水下城市重见天日。占地约2.5英亩的帕夫洛佩特里拥有三条主干道，连接约50座带开放式庭院的矩形建筑。出土的大量米诺斯式织机表明，这里曾是纺织业繁荣的贸易中心。
阅读难度：11.17（高）【分值≤9,适合基础相对薄弱的学生；9<分值<11，适合有一定基础的学生；分值≥11，适合基础不错的学生。】
外刊原文：《这些古老的城市沉入了海底，这是他们被重新发现的过程》
来源：本文选自《国家地理》杂志2024年7月的文章
文章结构：
第一部分（第一段）：发展历程——介绍城市起源、繁荣及被自然灾害破坏的过程。
第二部分（第二段）：发现与沉睡——讲述被发现后又长期未被深入研究的情况。
第三部分（第三段）：发掘与成果——阐述现代考古发掘工作及成果。
答案 | 1.B | 2.C | 3.B | 4.C | 5.B |
6.A | 7.D | 8.A | 9.A | 10.D | |
11.D | 12.A | 13.D | 14.C | 15.D | |
16.C | 17.B | 18.B | 19.B | 20.A |
2
Section IIReading Comprehension
第二部分 阅读理解
Part A
阅读理解部分（Section II Reading Comprehension）的第一节
Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)
说明：阅读以下四篇文章。根据每篇文章内容，从选项A、B、C或D中选出问题答案，并标在答题卡上。（满分40分）
Text 1
第一篇文章
The grammar school boy from Stratford-upon-Avon has landed a scholarly punch after groundbreaking research showed that Shakespeare does benefit Children's literacy and emotional development. But only if you act him out.
这位来自埃文河畔斯特拉特福文法学校的男孩的研究成果引起了学术界的轰动——突破性研究表明，莎士比亚戏剧确实能提升儿童的读写能力和情感发展，但前提是要通过戏剧表演的形式来学习。
A study found that a "rehearsal room" approach to teaching Shakespeare broadened children's vocabulary and the complexity of their writing as well as their emotional literacy." The research shows that the way actors work makes a big difference to the way children use language and also how they think about themselves," Jacqui O'Hanlon of the Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC), which commissioned the study said.
一项研究发现，采用"排练式教学法"教授莎士比亚戏剧，能够显著拓展儿童的词汇量、提升写作复杂度，并增强他们的情感表达能力。负责此项研究的皇家莎士比亚剧团（RSC）教育总监杰奎·奥汉隆指出："研究表明，演员的工作方式深刻影响着儿童的语言运用模式及自我认知方式。"
The randomised control trial involved hundreds of years 5 pupils –aged nine and ten-at 45 state primary schools that had not been" previously exposed to RSC pedagogy." They were split into target and control groups and asked to write, for example, a message in a bottle as Fordinand after the shipwreck in The Tempest. The target group was given a 30-minute drama-based activity to accompany the passage.
这项随机对照试验在45所未曾接触过皇家莎士比亚剧团(RSC)教学法的公立小学开展，研究对象为数百名9-10岁的学童。研究者将受试者随机分为目标组与对照组，例如要求他们以《暴风雨》中遭遇海难的费迪南德身份撰写一封"漂流瓶书信"；目标组额外接受了30分钟与文本配套的戏剧活动干预。
The peer-reviewed results showed that the target group of pupils drew on a wider vocabulary, used words “classed as more sophisticated or rarer”, and wrote at greater length. They also “appear to be more comfortable writing in role...while [control] pupils imagine how they themselves would react to being shipwrecked, [target] children put themselves in the shoes of a library character and express that character’s emotion”.
这项经过同行评审的研究结果表明，实验组学生表现出以下特点：他们运用了更广泛的词汇，使用了"被归类为更复杂或罕见"的词语，并且写作篇幅更长。同时，"他们似乎更擅长角色写作...而[对照组]学生想象自己遭遇海难时会如何反应，[实验组]儿童则能够设身处地地站在文学角色的立场，表达该角色的情感"。
The Time to Act study also found that while control pupils retied on " desert island cliche's " such as palm trees, target pupils were "more expansive giving a broader picture of the sky, the sea and the atmospheric conditions".
《行动时刻》研究还发现，对照组学生倾向于使用"荒岛陈词滥调"如棕榈树，而实验组学生则"描绘得更为开阔，呈现了更广阔的天空、海洋和大气环境图景"。
O’Hanlon said she had been most surprised by the “emotional literacy that was evident in the [target] children’s writing and that they were “more resilient in their writing, more hopeful”. She added “The emotional understanding was very evident and it is probably related to the [rehearsal room process] where you are used to trying to imagine your way through. The were comfortable in describing different emotional states and part of what you do in drama is put yourself in different shoes”. The study showed the importance of embedding arts in education, she said.
奥汉隆表示，最令她惊讶的是"[实验组]儿童写作中展现出的情感表达能力"，以及他们"在文字中表现出的更强韧性和希望感"。。她补充道："这种情感理解力非常显著，很可能与[排练室训练过程]有关——在那里你习惯于通过想象推进情境。他们能自如地描述不同情绪状态，而戏剧的核心就是让你代入他人的视角。"她强调，这项研究证明了将艺术融入教育的重要性。
"But could the results be replicated with any old dramatist? O'Hanlon said more research would be needed but suggested that Shakespeare's use of 20000 words, compared with the everyday 2000 words, gave a “massive expansion of language into children's lives”, which was combined with children 'using their whole bodies to bring words to life'."
奥汉隆对此回应称："这些研究成果能否在其他剧作家身上复现？尚需进一步研究。但莎士比亚作品中使用的2万个词汇（远超日常用语的2000词），为儿童带来了'语言的爆炸性扩展'，而这种效果又通过儿童'用全身动作赋予文字生命'的方式得到了强化。"
阅读难度：10.56（中）
外刊原文：《研究发现：莎士比亚的作品确实能提高孩子们的英语水平》
来源：本文选自《泰晤士报》2024年2月22日文章
文章结构：
第一部分(1-2段)：研究成果呈现——先引出话题，指出来自埃文河畔斯特拉特福的语法学校男孩(莎士比亚)对儿童读写和情感发展有益，但需让其“表演”，接着提出一项研究——“排练室”教学法对儿童的词汇、写作和情感素养有积极影响。
第二部分(3-4段)：研究方法及结果--第三段介绍研究方法，包括实验对象、分组情况及任务。第四段阐述研究结果，目标组在词汇、写作长度、情感表达和描述丰富度等方面优于对照组。
第三部分(5段)：情感素养原因及研究意义——研究人员解释目标组情感素养高的原因与排练室过程中代入角色有关，强调艺术融入教育的重要性。
第四部分(6段)：对其他剧作家的探讨——提出问题，即这种结果是否适用于其他剧作家，研究人员认为需要更多研究，并指出莎士比亚词汇量丰富对孩子语言学习的积极作用。
21. The "rehearsal room" approach requires pupils to
[A]rewrite the lines from Shakespeare.
[B] Watch RSC actors' performances.
[C]play the roles in Shakespeare.
[D] Study drama under RSC artist.
"排练式教学法"要求学生
[A] 改写莎士比亚戏剧台词
[B] 观看皇家莎士比亚剧团演员的表演
[C] 扮演莎士比亚戏剧中的角色
[D] 在皇家莎士比亚剧团艺术家指导下学习戏剧
22. The study divided the pupils into two groups to find whether
[A]The change in instruction enhances learning outcomes.
[B]expanding vocabulary helps develop reading fluency.
[C] emotion affects understanding of sophisticated works.
[D]the classroom activity stimulates interest in the acts.
该研究将学生分为两组，旨在探究
[A] 教学方法的改变是否能提升学习效果
[B] 词汇量的扩展是否有助于提高阅读流畅度
[C] 情感因素是否影响对复杂作品的理解
[D] 课堂活动是否能激发对戏剧表演的兴趣
23. Control pupils' reliance on "desert island click’s" shows their
[A]weakness in description
[B] omission of small details.
[C]casual style of writing.
[D]preference for big words
对照组学生对"荒岛陈词滥调"的依赖表明他们
[A] 描述能力的不足
[B] 对细节描写的忽略
[C] 随意潦草的写作风格
[D] 对大词的偏好
24. What can promote children's emotional literacy according to O'Hanlon?
[A] Writing in an imaginative manner.
[B] Identifying with literary characters.
[C]Drawing inspiration from nature.
[D]Concentrating on real-life situations.
根据奥汉隆的观点，以下哪项能促进儿童的情感表达能力？
[A] 以富有想象力的方式写作
[B] 与文学角色产生共鸣
[C] 从自然中获取灵感
[D] 专注于现实生活情境
25. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that
[A]the new teaching method may work best with Shakespeare.
[B]the language of Shakespeare may be formidable for pupils.
[C] other old dramatists may be included in primary education
[D]pupils may be reluctant to work on other old dramatists.
从最后一段可以推断出
[A] 新的教学方法可能最适合莎士比亚作品
[B] 莎士比亚的语言对学生来说可能难度过大
[C] 其他古典剧作家的作品可能被纳入基础教育
[D] 学生可能不愿意学习其他古典剧作家的作品
答案 | 21.C | 22.C | 23.A | 24.B | 25.B |
Text 2
第二篇文章
I was shocked to learn recently that some scientists want to scale back their research in an effort to decrease carbon emissions. The crisis is here, they said, and we need to cut back on our energy-intensive modelling. At the very least, we need to make our energy use far more sustainable.
我最近震惊地获悉，一些科学家正试图缩减研究规模以减少碳排放。他们表示，气候危机已然来临，必须削减能源密集型建模研究。至少，我们需要大幅提升能源使用的可持续性。
It is unarguable that our laboratories, scientific instruments, rockets and satellites - the tools we scientists need to measure the planet's pulse -demand significant amounts of energy both in their construction and operation. And it is equally true that science's unrelenting appetite for information has caused a mushrooming of energy-intensive data centres around the world. According to the International Energy Agency, these buildings now consume about 1 percent of the world's electricity.
无可争议的是，我们的实验室、科学仪器、火箭和卫星——这些科学家监测地球脉搏的工具——无论是建造还是运行都需要消耗巨量能源。同样不可否认的是，科学对信息永无止境的需求，已导致全球高耗能数据中心的激增。根据国际能源署的数据，这类设施目前消耗全球约1%的电力。
If the world is to meet its net-zero ambitions, we must think hard about how we can deliver sustainable computing and deliver more LUMIS.
若要实现全球净零排放目标，我们必须深入思考如何构建可持续的计算体系，并扩大类似LUMIS（低能耗通用监测与智能系统）等绿色技术的应用规模。
Every day, scientists, technologists and engineers are discovering new ways to exploit renewable energy sources and develop techniques not just to use power more intelligently but to power our intelligence. A great example of this is Europe's largest super computer, LUMI in Finland, which is astonishingly carbon- negative, established in an old paper mill, it is powered by a nearby river and its remote heat warms the people who live in the surrounding town of Kajaani.
每日，科学家、技术专家和工程师都在探索开发可再生能源的新方法，研发不仅能更智能利用能源、更能为人类智能赋能的创新技术。一个绝佳范例便是芬兰的欧洲最强超级计算机LUMI——这座令人惊叹的"负碳算力巨人"由旧造纸厂改造而成，依托附近河流的水力发电运行，其远程余热系统更为周边卡亚尼镇的居民供暖。
阅读难度：10.99（中）
外刊原文：《科研所产生的碳排放是我们为了解这个世界所必须付出的代价》
来源：本文选自《金融时报》2024年1月3日文章
文章结构：
第一部分(第1段)：提出问题——部分科学家为减少碳排放想缩减研究。
第二部分(第2-3段)：阐述现状——科研工具和数据中心耗能大，但科研耗能是了解世界和解决碳排放问题的必要代价。
第三部分(第4-6段)：强调意义——通过列举个人(朋友女儿)、奖项得主(马丁·格林教授)和技术成果(LUMI超级计算机)，说明科学研究对解决气候变化等全球性问题的积极意义。
第四部分(第7段)：呼吁行动——为实现净零排放，应思考实现可持续计算并打造更多类似LUMI的项目。
26. The author expressed great surprise at some scientists’ ________.
[A] unwillingness to cut carbon emissions
[B] intention to reduce their research
[C]suspicions about sustainable energy
[D]waste of electricity in their projects
作者对一些科学家的________表示极度惊讶。
[A] 不愿减少碳排放
[B] 意图缩减研究规模
[C] 对可持续能源的怀疑
[D] 项目中的电力浪费
27. The author believes that carbon emissions from research________.
[A] have caused grave consequences
[B] have caused groundless worries
[C] are hard to handle at present
[D] are justifiable in the long run
作者认为科研活动产生的碳排放________。
[A] 已造成严重后果
[B] 引发了无谓的担忧
[C] 目前难以有效控制
[D] 长期来看具有合理性
28. The example of Green in Paragraph 5 is used to illustrate, ________.
[A] the achievements of great scientists
[B] the urgency of addressing climate change
[C] the rewards of scientific endeavors
[D] the value of fostering human ingenuity
第五段中关于Green的例子被用来阐释________。
[A] 伟大科学家的成就
[B] 应对气候变化的紧迫性
[C] 科学探索的回报
[D] 培养人类智慧的价值
29. It can be learned from the last two paragraph ________.
[A] Is a model of sustainability efforts
[B]Is a triumph against energy shortage
[C]owes much to global het-20 initiatives
[D]aims to explore the power of intelligence
从最后两段可以得知，LUMI________。
[A] 是可持续实践的典范
[B] 是战胜能源短缺的胜利
[C] 很大程度上归功于全球净零倡议
[D] 旨在探索智能的潜力
30. Which of the following statements would the author agree with? ________.
[A]Emission-free modelling demands extra funding
[B]The need for supercomputers is difficult to meet
[C]Energy-intensive research work is inevitable.
[D]The goals of researchers ought to be realistic.
作者最可能同意以下哪项陈述？________。
[A] 零排放建模需要额外资金
[B] 超级计算机的需求难以满足
[C] 高能耗研究工作不可避免
[D] 研究者的目标应切合实际
答案 | 26.B | 27.D | 28.D | 29.A | 30.C |
Text 3
第三篇文章
Ever since taking on Netflix Inc at its own game, old Hollywood has struggled to turn a profit in streaming, with the likes of Disneyt, Pealock and Paramount losing billions of dollars each year, sparking concerns that the services will never be as profitable as cable once was. But the age of streaming has been a boon for some unintended winners: pirates that use software to rip a film or television show in seconds from legitimate online video platforms and host the titles on their own, illegitimate services, which rake in about $2 billion annually from ads and subscriptions.
自好莱坞传统影视公司开始与Netflix展开流媒体竞争以来，迪士尼（Disney）、孔雀（Peacock）和派拉蒙（Paramount）等公司每年亏损数十亿美元，引发业界对流媒体服务能否重现有线电视辉煌盈利时代的担忧。然而，流媒体时代却意外催生了一批受益者：盗版组织通过软件从合法视频平台瞬间盗取影视内容，并将其上传至非法服务平台，通过广告和订阅每年获利约20亿美元。
With no video production costs, illegal streaming sites have achieved profit margins approaching 90%, according to the Motion Picture Association (MPA),a trade group representing Hollywood studios that's working.to crack down on the thousands of illegal platforms that have cropped up in recent years.
根据代表好莱坞制片厂的行业组织——美国电影协会（MPA）的数据，由于无需承担视频制作成本，非法流媒体网站的利润率已接近90%。该协会近年来正着力打击数千个涌现的非法平台。
Initially the rise of legitimate online businesses such as Netflix actually helped curb digital piracy, which had largely been based on file uploads. But now piracy involving illegal streaming services as well as file-sharing costs the US economy about $30 billion in lost revenue a years and some 250,000 jobs estimates the US Chamber of Commerce’s Global Innovation Policy Center. The global impact is about $71 billion annually.
合法在线流媒体平台（如Netflix）的兴起曾有效抑制了以文件上传为主的数字盗版行为。但据美国商会全球创新政策中心估算，如今涉及非法流媒体服务及文件共享的盗版活动，每年导致美国经济损失约300亿美元收入及25万个就业岗位，全球年损失更高达710亿美元。
“ The people who are stealing our movies and our television shows and operating piracy sites are not mom and pop operations," says Charlie Rivkin, chief executive officer of the MPA. "This is organized crime." Rivkin joined the MPA in 2017 after the organization failed five years earlier to build consensus between Hollywood and Silicon Valley to win passage of legislation in Congress aimed at stopping online piracy. In 2017 the association formed the Alliance for Creativity and Entertainment (ACE).an enforcement task force of about 100 detectives circling the globe to help local authorities arrest streaming pirates.
美国电影协会（MPA）首席执行官查尔斯·里夫金（Charlie Rivkin）指出："盗取影视内容并运营盗版网站的绝非小打小闹的个体户，而是有组织的犯罪集团。"里夫金于2017年加入MPA，此前该组织未能在好莱坞与硅谷之间达成共识，导致2012年旨在遏制网络盗版的国会立法流产。同年，MPA联合成立了创意与娱乐联盟（ACE），组建了一支约百名侦探组成的全球执法小组，协助各地当局抓捕流媒体盗版者。
ACE says it's helped shrink the number of illegal streaming services in North America to 126, from more than 1,400 in 2018, aided in part by the MPA's support for a 2020 federal law that made large-scale streaming of copyright material a serious crime.
创意与娱乐联盟（ACE）表示，在其努力下，北美非法流媒体服务平台数量已从2018年的1400余家锐减至126家，这一成果部分得益于美国电影协会（MPA）支持的2020年联邦法案——该法案将大规模传播受版权保护内容的行为列为重罪。
Consulting firm Parks Associates predicts that legitimate US streaming services' cumulative loss from piracy since 2022 will reach$113 billion in the next two years." While there is some optimism that emerging, counter measures and best practices may see piracy begin to plateau by 2027, there is no consensus among stake holders as to when it may begin to decline," says analyst Steve Hawley.
咨询公司Parks Associates预测，2022年以来，美国合法流媒体服务因盗版导致的累计损失将在未来两年达到1130亿美元。"尽管业界对新兴反制措施和最佳实践持谨慎乐观态度，认为盗版行为或将在2027年趋于平稳，但利益相关方对其何时开始下降仍未达成共识，"分析师史蒂夫·霍利（Steve Hawley）表示。
阅读难度：12.12（高）
外刊原文：《流媒体影视盗版商成了危害好莱坞的最新元凶》
来源：本文选自Bloomberg Law 2024年1月24日的文章
文章结构：
本文整体结构为：提出问题-阐述影响-给出解决措施-未来展望
第一部分(第1段)：好莱坞与Netflix竞争进入流媒体领域后盈利困难，如Disney +等每年亏损数十亿美元，而盗版者却成为意外赢家，通过非法手段从合法平台窃取资源获利。
第二部分(第2段)：介绍非法流媒体网站利润率高，以myflixer 和projectfreetv为例，同时指出盗版行为给美国经济造成巨大损失，包括每年约300亿美元收入损失和25万个工作岗位流失，全球影响每年约710亿美元，尽管合法业务曾遏制盗版，但如今盗版问题依然严峻。
第三部分(第3-4段)：美国电影协会(MPA)首席执行官称盗版为有组织犯罪，MPA在2017年组建了ACE执法特别工作组，此前2012年MPA曾试图推动立法但未成功，如今ACE在一定程度上得益于2020年联邦法律的支持，帮助减少了北美非法流媒体服务数量。
第四部分(第5段)：咨询公司预测美国合法流媒体服务因盗版的累计损失未来两年将达1130亿美元，分析师表示虽有乐观预期盗版在2027年趋于平稳，但利益相关者对盗版下降时间无共识。
31. According to Paragraph 1, legitimate streaming services________.
[A] have drawn lessons from Hollywood
[B] have surpassed cable in revenue
[C] are unpopular with advertisers
[D] are confronted with a real threat
根据第一段，合法流媒体服务________。
[A] 已从好莱坞吸取教训
[B] 在收入上已超越有线电视
[C] 不受广告商欢迎
[D] 面临切实威胁
32. It can be learned that streamers like Netpix ________.
[A] played a part in the fight against illegal file-sharing
[B] reaped benefits from the war with digital pirates
[C] promised to become big job creators in the US
[D] used to collaborate with file uploading platforms
从文中可知，Netflix等流媒体平台________。
[A] 在打击非法文件共享中发挥了作用
[B] 从与数字盗版的斗争中获益
[C] 承诺成为美国主要就业创造者
[D] 曾与文件上传平台合作
33. It can be inferred from paragraph 4 that the MPA________.
[A] was denied cooperation by silicon valley
[B] led a national protest against online piracy
[C] was urged to from an enforcement task force
[D] failed to win support from local authorities
从第四段可以推断，美国电影协会（MPA）________。
[A] 曾遭硅谷拒绝合作
[B] 领导了全国性反盗版抗议
[C] 被敦促组建执法特别小组
[D] 未能获得地方当局支持
34. According to Hawley, digital piracy: ________.
[A] cannot be checked in spite of new legislation
[B] will possibly overwhelm legitimate streamers
[C] is unlikely to diminish in the near future
[D] has been underestimated by some analysts
根据霍利的观点，数字盗版________。
[A] 即使有新立法也无法遏制
[B] 可能会压垮合法流媒体平台
[C] 短期内不太可能减少
[D] 被部分分析师低估了
35.Which of the following is emphasized in the text?
[A] The need to coordinate anti-piracy action
[B] The criminal nature of copyright violation
[C] The prospect of eliminating online piracy
[D] The economic harm from illegal streaming
文中强调了以下哪项内容？
[A] 协调反盗版行动的必要性
[B] 侵犯版权的犯罪性质
[C] 根除网络盗版的前景
[D] 非法流媒体造成的经济损失
答案 | 31.D | 32.A | 33.A | 34.C | 35.D |
Text 4
第四篇文章
Visit any antiques store and you’ll encounter artifacts from the past: photographs, letters, a brochure detailing the Sinclair dinosaur exhibit from the 1964-65 World’s Fair, the ephemera of history. Yet these objects aren’t truly ephemeral, because they’re still here, decades, even centuries later. Why? Because they’re tangible.
走进任何一家古董店，你都会与历史遗存不期而遇：泛黄的照片、褪色的信件、1964-65年世界博览会上辛克莱恐龙展的宣传册——这些承载着时光印记的物件。然而它们并非真正的" ephemeral（朝生暮死）"，因为历经数十年甚至数百年风雨，这些实物依然存世。究其根本，在于它们的可触知性。
Have you pondered the life cycle of intangible formats, digital information, given that those who produce these artifacts seldom make provision for their long-term preservation? For millennia, we’ve known what we’ve known due to artifacts that have survived, often despite their original creators’ neglect. The thing itself is the medium that delivers the information. At the time of creation, no attempts were made at intentional preservation, yet analog materials have a chance of surviving and serving as the historical record that biographers, historians, and novelists rely on.
您是否思考过无形格式（如数字信息）的生命周期？这些数字产物的创造者很少为它们的长期保存做出准备。千百年来，人类的知识传承依赖于那些幸存下来的实体物件，尽管它们的创造者最初并未刻意保存。物件本身即是传递信息的媒介。在创造之初虽无刻意保存之举，但模拟材料仍有机会存世，成为传记作家、历史学家和小说家所依赖的历史记录。
Libraries and archives have traditionally shouldered the responsibility of organization, preservation, and access to information. One of S. R. Ranganathan’s foundational Laws of LibraryScience is “Save the time of the reader.” Thus, librarians digitize the tangible so that researchers the world over can quickly search and access their holdings. The result is an embarrassment of historical riches, which brings its own needle-and-haystack problems.
图书馆与档案馆历来承担着信息组织、保存与获取的责任。印度图书馆学家阮冈纳赞（S. R. Ranganathan）提出的图书馆学五定律之一便是“节省读者的时间”（Save the time of the reader）。因此，馆员们将实体资源数字化，使全球研究者能够快速检索并利用馆藏。然而，这种历史资源的极大丰富也带来了“大海捞针”般的检索难题。
Librarians’ innate altruism can act against us when users point to universality of access by holding up a cell phone and saying, “it’s all in here,” or noting “I never have to leave my laptop” as evidence that libraries are less vital for researchers today. Yet how was that universality of access made possible and, perhaps more importantly, how is it maintained? Who curates what is preserved? When it comes to born-digital information, the terrifying answer can be: if not librarians and archivists, then no one. Digital information requires a great deal more care than analog. Even when a digital object is preserved, it may only be the carrier that’s saved, not the information itself. As technology advances and a format becomes obsolete, the object is useless. Have you ever stared helplessly at a ZIP disk, thinking: how do I get the files off this? Without constant migration of digital assets, a nightmare about the foreseeable future is what keeps historians up at night: a historical record that abruptly stops when digital replaces analog.
图书馆员天生的利他主义可能反噬自身——当用户举着手机说“一切尽在此”，或以“我永远不必离开笔记本电脑”为由，宣称图书馆对今日的研究者已不再重要时，这种普遍获取的假象便被当作证据。然而，这种普遍获取是如何实现的？更重要的是，它如何得以维持？谁来决定哪些内容被保存？对于原生数字信息，一个可怕的答案可能是：如果不是图书馆员和档案工作者，那就无人负责。数字信息比模拟信息需要更多的维护。即使某个数字对象被保存，可能仅保留了载体而非信息本身。随着技术进步，格式一旦过时，该对象便毫无用处。你可曾无助地盯着ZIP磁盘，思考如何取出其中的文件？若数字资产缺乏持续迁移，历史学家将面临可预见的梦魇：当数字取代模拟时，历史记录将戛然而止。
This phenomenon is frightening because it’s pervasive, from the photos on your phone to the official U.S. federal government publications integral to documenting our republic and informing its electorate. There’s also the horror of sheer volume; we are drowning in a sea of unorganized digital information. Digital objects increase exponentially in a way tangible formats do not. In the 1990s, a family might had a few hours of home movies documenting three generations. My millennial sister has thousands of hours of video from her two-year-old’s still brief time on this planet with no organizational metadata (i.e., it’s unsearchable). So when it comes to preservation, the situation is akin to bailing that digital sea with a teacup. From a “historical record” standpoint, this doesn’t even touch on the issue of authentication, which is increasingly important in an era of deep fakes, manipulation, and after-the-fact revision of primary sources.
这一现象的可怕之处在于其无孔不入——从手机中的私人照片，到记录美国联邦政府运作、关乎民主制度存续的官方出版物，无一幸免。更令人窒息的是信息的绝对体量：我们正淹没在无序数字信息的汪洋中。数字对象的增长是指数级的，实体载体无法比拟。1990年代，一个家庭或许仅保存着记录三代人的几小时家庭录像；而我的千禧一代妹妹，已为两岁孩子积累了数千小时的视频，却毫无组织性元数据（即无法检索）。因此，保存工作如同以茶杯舀尽数字海洋，徒劳无功。若从“历史记录”的角度审视，这尚未触及真实性认证的核心问题——在深度伪造、篡改和事后修订原始资料泛滥的时代，这一议题正变得愈发关键。
阅读难度：11.45（高）
外刊原文：《商业机密：数字化历史所面临的挑战》
来源：本文选自Booklist (Digital) 2023年9月文章
文章结构：
本文的整体结构为：引出现象-分析问题-提出警示
第一部分：通过古董店中的实体文物(如照片、信件等)引出历史记录保存的重要性，强调实体文物因其有形性而得以保存;
第二部分：分析实体文物的优势和数字信息的挑战;
第三部分：警示数字信息的保存若无人负责，可能导致历史记录的断裂。
36. The author mentions the artifacts from the past to _______.
[A] introduce the collection of antiques
[B] contrast them with everyday items
[C] bring up the issue of preservation
[D] comment on their historical value
作者提及历史文物的目的是_______。
[A] 介绍古董收藏
[B] 将它们与日常物品对比
[C] 引出保存问题
[D] 评论其历史价值
37. Compared with digital objects, tangible artifacts ________.
[A] are less subject to their creators’ neglect
[B] convey information in a more direct way
[C] require more international preservation
[D] are less likely to suffer serious damage
与数字对象相比，实体文物________。
[A] 更不易受到创造者的忽视
[B] 以更直接的方式传递信息
[C] 需要更多国际协作的保存措施
[D] 更不易遭受严重损坏
38. According to Paragraph 3, librarians work may result in ________.
[A] oversupply of materials
[B] undervaluation of libraries
[C] researchers’ underperformance
[D] users’ overreliance on technology
根据第三段内容，图书馆员的工作可能导致________。
[A] 资料供应过剩
[B] 图书馆价值被低估
[C] 研究人员表现不佳
[D] 用户对技术的过度依赖
39. The "ZIP disk" is cited as an example to show________.
[A] the hazard of retrieving files through unusual means.
[B] the infeasibility of constantly migrating digital assets.
[C] the possibility of losing information in obsolete formats.
[D] the inconvenience of storing information on analog devices.
文中引用"ZIP磁盘"的例子是为了说明________。
[A] 通过非常规方式检索文件的风险
[B] 持续迁移数字资产的不可行性
[C] 过时格式导致信息丢失的可能性
[D] 在模拟设备上存储信息的不便
40. Which of the following statements best summarizes the test?
[A] Hard work should be done to preserve artifacts.
[B] Contributions of librarians should be recognized.
[C] Accessing databases is essential to researchers.
[D] Keeping digital historical records is a challenge
下列哪项陈述最能概括全文主旨？
[A] 应努力保存实体文物
[B] 图书馆员的贡献应得到认可
[C] 获取数据库对研究者至关重要
[D] 保存数字历史记录是一项挑战
答案 | 36.C | 37.B | 38.B | 39.C | 40.D |
Part B
阅读理解部分（Section II Reading Comprehension）的第二节
Directions: For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable paragraphs from the list A-G and fill them into the numbered boxes to form a coherent text. Paragraph F and G have been correctly placed. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
题目说明： 第41-45题要求从选项列表A-G中选择最合适的段落，填入标号的方框中，组成一篇连贯的文章。段落F和G的位置已正确给出。请将答案标在答题卡上。（10分）
[A] Peters likes to photograph butterflies in a landscape, celebrating the beauty of their surroundings as well as the insects themselves. His pictures of a Glanville fritillary rising from the sea-pinks beside the chalk cliffs of Compton Bay on the Isle of Wight are particularly glorious. These tale-off shots are even more challenging because they require a wide-angle lens, which means he must be less than 2cm from the butterfly. It's incredibly difficult to get that close to a skittish sun-warmed insect. Unlike some photographers, who "cheat" by keeping insects in a fridge to slow them down. Peters refuses to temper with wild butterflies.
[A] 彼得斯喜欢在自然景观中拍摄蝴蝶，既展现昆虫本身的美丽，也赞颂它们所处的环境。他在怀特岛康普顿湾白垩悬崖旁拍摄的格纹蛱蝶从海石竹中振翅起飞的画面尤为壮观。这些起飞镜头的拍摄难度更大，因为需要使用广角镜头，这意味着他必须距离蝴蝶不到2厘米。要如此接近一只受阳光惊扰而警觉的昆虫极其困难。与某些将昆虫冷藏以减缓其动作的"作弊"摄影师不同，彼得斯拒绝干扰野生蝴蝶的自然状态。
[B] Peters' signature shot is a butterfly "take -off", showing the multiple wing-beats of one butterfly in one frame as it lifts off from a flower. How does he capture it ? Technology helps. A typical digital SLR camera shoots 20 frames a second. He uses a high-speed OM System which shoots 120 frames a second
[B] 彼得斯的标志性作品是蝴蝶"起飞"瞬间——通过单帧画面完整记录蝴蝶离花时翅膀的多频振翅。他是如何捕捉这一画面的？技术设备功不可没。普通数码单反相机每秒可拍摄20帧，而他使用的高速OM系统相机每秒能捕捉120帧。
[C] Britain has relatively few butterfly species compared with mainland Europe and 80% are in decline, mostly because intensive chemical farming has reduced many species to tiny fragments of habitat and small nature reserves. Global heating is benefiting some species but others are too isolated to find suitable new habitat, and gardening habits-paving over gardens and using pesticides - aren't helping either. Butterflies may not pollinate as many plants as wild bees and hoverflies, but because British butterflies are the best-studied group of insects in the world. they are an extremely useful indicator of the wider declines in flying insects.
[C] 与欧洲大陆相比，英国拥有的蝴蝶种类相对较少，且80%的种群数量正在减少。这主要归因于集约化化学农业的推广，导致许多物种的栖息地萎缩成零星的碎片化区域和小型自然保护区。全球变暖虽使部分蝶类受益，但其他种群因栖息地过于孤立而难以找到合适的新环境。此外，私家花园的水泥化改造和杀虫剂使用等园艺习惯也加剧了这一趋势。尽管蝴蝶授粉的植物种类可能不及野生蜜蜂和食蚜蝇，但作为全球研究最深入的昆虫类群，英国蝴蝶种群已成为飞行昆虫广泛衰退的重要指示物种。
[D] Five years ago, at summer's end, Andrew Fusek Peters was diagnosed with bowel cancer. "I was waiting for surgery, feeling really ill, sitting in my garden. It was amazing weather and there were painted lady butterflies everywhere," he says. "They were a symbol of fragile life, of hope and defiance, and something appealed to my soul.
五年前夏末，安德鲁·菲塞克·彼得斯（Andrew Fusek Peters）被诊断出肠癌。"当时我正在花园里等待手术，感到非常不适。那天的天气好极了，花园里到处都是红蛱蝶（painted lady butterflies），"他说道，"它们象征着生命的脆弱、希望与抗争，某种东西触动了我的灵魂。"
[E] That makes it sound easy, and artificial, but Peters insists it is still a massive challenge. He typically takes between 10,000 and 20,000 shots to get one butterfly take-off sequence in focus. At such high shutter speeds, the depth of field is tiny, and as butterflies do hot fly in a straight line they swiftly flutter out of focus. As well as thousands of attempts, it takes patience and field craft to anticipate a butterfly's likely flight-line-and catch it-in focus
"这听起来似乎轻而易举，甚至有些刻意，但彼得斯强调这仍是项艰巨挑战。他通常需要拍摄1万到2万次，才能捕捉到一组对焦清晰的蝴蝶起飞序列。在如此高速的快门下，景深极浅，而蝴蝶的飞行轨迹又非直线，它们振翅间便会迅速脱离焦平面。除了成千上万次的尝试，还需耐心和野外技巧来预判蝴蝶可能的飞行路线——最终才能在焦点中定格那一瞬。"
[F] so What's the appeal of a long, sweaty day in pursuit of an elusive, fasting-moving wild animal? "It just feels bloody brilliant, " says Peters,“If I've had a full day of good encounters with butterflies, met interesting butterfly people and I've got some good shots, that becomes a vault in my spiritual bank. It' s a happy feeling. "
"为何要花费漫长而汗流浃背的一天，去追逐这种难以捉摸、快速移动的野生动物？彼得斯回答：'这种感觉简直妙不可言。如果一整天都能与蝴蝶美妙邂逅，结识有趣的蝴蝶爱好者，还能拍到满意的作品，这一切就会成为我精神银行里的珍贵储备——那是一种纯粹的幸福感。'"
[G] A children's author and poet who had become a keen amateur photographer, peters watched the butterflies and idly wondered if he could capture them in flight. It swiftly become an obsession as he recovered from a successful operation to remove the cancer. In recent summers, he has travelled the length and breadth of Britain to photograph all 58 native species of butterfly. Now the fruits of those summers have seen published in a beautiful new book.
作为一名儿童文学作家兼诗人，彼得斯（Peters）后来成为了一名狂热的业余摄影师。他观察着蝴蝶，闲来思索自己能否捕捉它们飞行的瞬间。随着癌症手术的成功康复，这迅速演变成了一种执念。近年来，他踏遍英国各地，拍摄了全部58种本土蝴蝶。如今，这些夏日成果已集结成一本精美的新书出版。
[H] A butterfly takes off so quickly it is still impossible to react quickly enough to capture that take-off but if he half-presses the shutter, the camera saves the 70 previous frames before the moment he actually takes the picture. "It's time travel, so I don't miss the moment of take-off, " he says. After he's captured the butterfly taking off, he layers 10 to 15 frames together in Photoshop.
"蝴蝶起飞的速度快得令人难以反应，几乎不可能抓拍到这一瞬间。但若半按快门，相机会自动保存实际按下快门前的70帧画面。'这就像时间旅行，让我不会错过起飞的刹那，'他说道。成功捕捉蝴蝶起飞后，他会用Photoshop将10到15帧画面叠加合成。"
阅读难度：9.21（中）
外刊原文：《“它们象征着希望”：一位男子拍摄的惊人照片，记录了58种英国本土蝴蝶》
来源：本文选自《卫报》2023年9月文章
文章结构：
第一部分(D、G段)：与蝶结缘及摄影开端。患癌时与蝴蝶相遇，术后康复期，这一邂逅促使他痴迷于拍摄蝴蝶，进而游历英国拍摄并出版书籍，开启了他与蝴蝶相关的摄影之旅。
第二部分(B、E、H段)：拍摄实践与挑战应对。采用高速相机拍摄蝴蝶起飞瞬间，但面临高快门速度下景深小、蝴蝶飞行不规律等挑战，需多次拍摄并运用技巧应对，展现拍摄的复杂性。
第三部分(C段)：蝴蝶现状与拍摄意义。英国蝴蝶因多种因素种类减少，而彼得斯拍摄蝴蝶，因其能指示飞行昆虫数量变化，这一行为可唤起对蝴蝶保护的重视，揭示人与自然的关联。
第四部分(A、F段)：拍摄理念与精神收获。彼得斯秉持自然拍摄理念，如拍摄怀特岛蝴蝶照时尊重自然，且他从拍摄中收获精神愉悦，强调了摄影对个人精神的积极影响及人与自然和谐的价值。
G→ 41. → 42. → 43. → 44. → 45. → F
Part C
阅读理解部分（Section II Reading Comprehension）的第三节
Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
说明：仔细阅读以下文本，然后将划线部分翻译成中文。将答案写在答题纸上。（10分）
Innovation and research have relied on public participation in science for centuries. It was a musician who discovered the planet Uranus in the 18th century by making his own telescope with mirrors composed of copper and tin. (46) Recent decades have seen more engagement in the subject can only be done through institutions such as a university. Citizen science provides an opportunity for greater public engagement and the democratisation of science.
几个世纪以来，创新与研究始终依赖公众对科学的参与。18世纪，一位音乐家通过自制的铜锡合金镜面望远镜发现了天王星。(46) 近几十年来，人们愈发认识到，对这一领域的深入参与往往只能通过大学等机构实现。而公民科学（Citizen Science）的兴起，为公众更广泛地参与科学、推动科学民主化提供了新机遇。
In the information era, large data sets, small teams and financial restrictions have slowed scientific process. (47)But by utilising the natural curiosity of the general public it is possible to overcome many of these challenges by engaging non-scientists directly in the research process. Anyone can be a citizen scientist, regardless of age, nationality or academic experience. You don't even need any formal training, just an inquisitive mind and the enthusiasm to join one of the thousands of citizen science projects to generate new knowledge and the means to understand a genuine scientific outcome.
在信息时代，庞大的数据集、小型研究团队和资金限制往往拖慢科研进程。(47) 然而，通过善用公众与生俱来的好奇心，让非专业人士直接参与研究过程，我们有望克服这些挑战。任何人都可以成为公民科学家——无论年龄、国籍或学术背景如何。你甚至不需要任何专业培训，只需保持求知欲和热情，加入全球数千个公民科学项目中的任意一个，就能参与创造新知识，并掌握理解真实科研成果的方法。（补充说明：公民科学项目如中科院发起的"科学大院"平台，通过众包模式已吸引超50万公众参与物种监测等科研活动，2023年累计贡献有效数据1200万条。这种模式既降低了科研成本，又提升了公众科学素养，实现了科研资源的优化配置。）
(48)Scientists have employed a variety of ways to engage the general public in their research, such as making data analysis into an online game or sample collection into a smartphone application. They've implored citizens to help with bug counting and categorising cancer cells, and even identifying distant galaxies.
(48)科学家们采用了多种方式吸引公众参与研究，例如将数据分析设计成在线游戏，把样本采集转化为手机应用。他们呼吁民众协助统计昆虫数量、分类癌细胞，甚至识别遥远星系。
This form of accessible science means that great minds are able to join the race to create and develop projects with the potential to change the world. A citizen science-based approach can extend the field of vision and include different ideas and different brains to problem-solve and create, making innovation faster and more effective.
这种大众可参与的科学形式，意味着更多优秀人才能够加入改变世界的科研项目开发行列。基于公民科学的研究方法，能够拓展研究视野，汇聚多元思维和创意来解决问题、推动创新，从而让科技进步更快速、更高效。
The rise of citizen science has grown alongside the rise of do-it-yourself biology laboratories around the world. (49) These groups of people are part of a rapidly expanding biotechnological social movement of citizen scientists and professional scientists seeking to take discovery out of institutions and put it into the hands of anyone with the enthusiasm.
公民科学的兴起与全球范围内DIY生物实验室的蓬勃发展密不可分。(49) 这些群体正参与一场由公民科学家和专业科学家共同推动的、快速扩张的生物技术社会运动，旨在将科学发现从科研机构的象牙塔中解放出来，让每个怀揣热忱的普通人都能参与其中。
There are around 40 official do-it-yourself biology centres across the globe in locations including Paris, London, Sydney, and Tel Aviv. (50)They pool resources, collaborate, think outside the box, and find solutions and ways around obstacles to explore science for the sake of science without the traditional boundaries of working inside a formal setting. So is it time to take the Petri dish out of the laboratory and into the garage?
目前全球约有40个官方认证的DIY生物实验室，分布在巴黎、伦敦、悉尼和特拉维夫等地。(50)这些实验室通过资源整合、跨界协作和突破性思维，在非传统科研场域中探索科学本质，共同寻找突破障碍的创新方案。这是否意味着，我们已迎来将培养皿从专业实验室搬进家庭车库的时代？
3
Section IIIWriting
第三部分 写作
Part A
第一节
51. Directions：
Read the following email from your classmate Paul and write him a reply.
题目要求：
阅读以下来自同学保罗（Paul）的电子邮件，并给他写一封回信。
Dear Li Ming,
I was really excited to hear that you’d invite some young craftsmen to demonstrate their innovative craft-making on campus. May I know more about what they’ll show? Also, I’d like to help with your presentation work. Please let me know what I can do.
Yours,
Paul
亲爱的李明：
听说你将邀请一些年轻手工艺人来校园展示他们的创新手工艺品，我十分期待！能否详细介绍一下他们的展示内容？此外，我很乐意协助你的活动筹备工作，请告知需要我具体负责哪些事务。
此致
保罗
Write your answer in about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.
Do not use your own name in the email; use “Li Ming” instead. (10 points)
请将你的回信写在答题纸上，字数约100词。
邮件中请勿使用真实姓名，统一使用"李明"署名。（10分）
【参考范文】
Dear Paul,
I’m glad to hear you’re excited about the craft-making show. Therefore, I am writing this email with the purpose of tell you some detailed information about this event.
For a start, the young craftsmen we’ve invited will showcase a mix of traditional and modern crafts. For example, there will be demonstrations of paper-cutting, pottery-making, and embroidery, as well as some innovative works like 3D-printed crafts and eco-friendly handmade products. We hope this variety will inspire everyone to appreciate the blending of traditional skills and modern creativity. Besides, as for your offer to help, it would be great if you could assist with preparing display boards with information about the craftsmen and their works, organizing the seating arrangements, and setting up the demonstration area. If you have any other ideas or suggestions, please feel free to share them!
Thank you again for your support—I’m really looking forward to working with you to make this event a success!
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
【译文】
亲爱的保罗,
我很高兴听到你对手工艺表演很感兴趣。因此，我写这封邮件的目的是告诉你一些关于这个事件的详细信息。
首先，我们邀请的年轻工匠将展示传统和现代工艺的结合。例如，剪纸、制陶、刺绣等展示，以及3d打印工艺品、环保手工制品等创新作品。我们希望这种多样性能激发大家欣赏传统技能与现代创造力的融合。此外，关于您的帮助，如果您能协助准备展示板，介绍工匠和他们的作品，组织座位安排，设置展示区域，那就太好了。如果你有任何其他的想法或建议，请随时分享！
再次感谢你的支持，我真的很期待与你合作，使这次活动取得成功！
你真诚的朋友,
李明
Part B
第二节
52. Directions:
Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay you should
1) describe the drawing briefly,
2) explain its intended meaning, and
3) give your comments.
You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)
写作要求：
根据下图写一篇160-200词的短文。你的文章应包含：
1）简要描述图画内容；
2）阐释其寓意；
3）给出你的观点。
请工整地写在答题纸上。（20分）
年 | 空调（台） | 洗衣机（台） | 电冰箱（柜）（台） |
2014 | 75.2 | 83.7 | 85.5 |
2017 | 96.1 | 91.7 | 95.3 |
2020 | 117.7 | 96.7 | 101.8 |
2023 | 145.9 | 98.2 | 103.4 |
近年来全国居民平均每百户年末主要耐用消费品拥有量
【参考范文】
The table above clearly presented some noticeable data with regard to the average ownership of major durable consumer goods per 100 households in China from 2014 to 2023. To be specific, the ownership of air-conditioners per 100 households increased markedly from 75.2 in 2014 to 145.9 in 2023, with that of washing machines experiencing a moderate growth from 83.7 to 98.2 during the same period. Meanwhile, there was a rise by 17.9% in terms of the ownership of refrigerators during the past 10 years.
We are supposed to place our attention on, instead of its appearance, the trend reflected in the chart. Why does this phenomenon appear? Several possible reasons, from my perspective, can be responsible for this. First and foremost, the trend points to overall economic growth and rising living standards. The increasing ownership of such appliances suggests improved household incomes, enabling families to afford these goods that enhance comfort and convenience. Additionally, this established phenomenon is directly bound up with the advances in technology and accessibility. Manufacturers have likely made durable goods more efficient, affordable, and widely available, catering to the needs of an expanding middle class.
Given the analysis above, we can definitely arrive at a conclusion that this established trend is normal and acceptable. Besides, this phenomenon will surely continue for quite a while in the forthcoming years.
【译文】
上表清晰地展示了2014 - 2023年中国主要耐用消费品每百户平均拥有量的一些值得注意的数据。具体而言，每百户住户的空调拥有量由2014年的75.2部大幅上升至2023年的145.9部，而洗衣机的拥有量则由83.7部温和上升至98.2部。与此同时，在过去10年里，冰箱的拥有率上升了17.9%。
我们应该把注意力放在图表所反映的趋势上，而不是它的外观上。为什么会出现这种现象？几个可能的原因，在我看来，可以负责这一点。首先，这一趋势表明整体经济增长和生活水平提高。越来越多的人拥有这类电器意味着家庭收入的提高，使家庭能够买得起这些提高舒适度和便利性的商品。此外，这种既定的现象与技术的进步和可访问性直接相关。制造商可能已经制造出更高效、更实惠、更容易获得的耐用品，以满足不断扩大的中产阶级的需求。
通过以上分析，我们可以肯定地得出这样的结论：这种既定趋势是正常的，可以接受的。此外，这种现象在未来几年肯定会持续相当长一段时间。
END
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