【真题相关】近五年高考英语真题中熟词生义专项训练（上）

一、动词类

1.address熟义：n.地址；演讲例句：I wrote down his home address. 

我记下了他的家庭住址。

The people who put the signs in their yards created a real homeowners association to address climate change in their communities.生义：v. _____________________句子翻译：_______________________________ 

2.strike熟义：v.打击；罢工例句：The workers decided to strike for better working conditions. 

工人们决定罢工，以争取更好的工作条件。

They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn’t strike them as important.生义：v. _____________________句子翻译：_______________________________ 

3.shape熟义：n.形状；v.塑造例句：The artist is shaping the clay into the shape of a bird. 

这位艺术家正把黏土塑造成鸟的形状。

The economic policy will shape the development of small businesses in rural areas.生义：v._____________________句子翻译：_______________________________ 

4.ship熟义：n.船例句：A large ship sailed across the sea to the nearby country. 

一艘大船驶过大海，前往邻国。

The online store is shipping out 1,200 orders of the new product every day.生义：v._____________________句子翻译：_______________________________ 

5.translate熟义：v.翻译例句：She can translate English novels into Chinese fluently. 

她能流利地把英文小说翻译成中文。

The team hopes that their research achievements can translate into practical solutions for environmental protection.生义：v. _____________________句子翻译：_______________________________ 

6.practice熟义：v.练习例句：He practices playing the piano for two hours every day. 

他每天练习弹钢琴两小时。

Jacqueline Felice de Almania highlights the suspicion that women practicing medicine faced.生义：v._____________________句子翻译：_______________________________ 

7.tailor熟义：n.裁缝；v.定制服装例句：The tailor tailored a suit according to my measurements. 

裁缝根据我的尺寸定制了一套西装。

The training program is tailor-made to improve students’ practical language skills.生义：v. _____________________句子翻译：_______________________________ 

8.reject熟义：v.拒绝例句：He rejected her invitation to the party politely. 

他礼貌地拒绝了她的派对邀请。

The factory rejected the sweet potatoes that didn’t meet the quality standards.生义：v. _____________________句子翻译：_______________________________ 

9.document熟义：n.文件例句：You need to prepare all the necessary documents for the interview. 

你需要为面试准备好所有必要的文件。

Scientists are working to document the species on Earth before they go extinct.生义：v. _____________________句子翻译：_______________________________ 

10.engineer熟义：n.工程师例句：The engineer designed a new bridge over the river. 

这位工程师设计了一座跨河新桥。

Researchers are trying to engineer plants to replace the functions of damaged ecosystems.生义：v._____________________句子翻译：_______________________________ 

11.farm熟义：n.农场例句：His family runs a big farm in the countryside. 

他家在乡下经营着一个大农场。

Local villagers make a living by farming sheep on the hillside.生义：v. _____________________句子翻译：_______________________________ 

12.house熟义：n.房子例句：They bought a new house with a small garden last year. 

他们去年买了一栋带小花园的新房子。

The new community center will house the ever-increasing elderly population in the area.生义：v._____________________句子翻译：_______________________________ 

13.leaf熟义：n.树叶例句：The wind blew the dry leaves off the trees. 

风把枯叶从树上吹落。

As I leafed through the novel, a piece of paper fell out from between the pages.生义：v. _____________________句子翻译：_______________________________ 

14.run熟义：v.跑例句：She runs three kilometers every morning to keep fit. 

她每天早上跑三公里来保持健康。

In doing so, I’ll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter.生义：v. _____________________句子翻译：_______________________________ 

15.harvest熟义：n.收获例句：We are looking forward to a good harvest this autumn. 

我们期待今年秋天有个好收成。

Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbages sound like tough work for middle and high school kids.生义：v. _____________________句子翻译：_______________________________ 

16.launch熟义：v.发射例句：The country successfully launched a new satellite into space. 

这个国家成功将一颗新卫星发射升空。

The organization launched a campaign to raise awareness of plastic pollution.生义：v._____________________句子翻译：_______________________________ 

17.bond熟义：n.纽带例句：Shared hobbies form a strong bond between the two friends. 

共同的爱好在这两位朋友之间形成了牢固的纽带。

I try to bond with my children by reading stories together every night.生义：v._____________________句子翻译：_______________________________ 

18.tap熟义：n.水龙头例句：Please turn off the tap when you finish washing your hands. 

洗完手后请关掉水龙头。

Countries around the world are trying to tap new energy sources to reduce carbon emissions.生义：v._____________________句子翻译：_______________________________ 

19.pose熟义：n.姿势例句：She struck a beautiful pose for the photographer.

她为摄影师摆出了一个优美的姿势。

The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks to ones that require mental abstraction.生义：v. _____________________句子翻译：_______________________________ 

20.enter熟义：v.进入例句：He entered the room quietly without making any noise. 

他悄悄地走进房间，没有发出一点声音。

I dreamed of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister.生义：v._____________________句子翻译：_______________________________ 

21.promise熟义：v.承诺例句：He promised to help me with my English homework this weekend. 

他承诺这周末帮我辅导英语作业。

With environmentalist Eanna Lamhna as the guide, this walk promises to be an informative tour.生义：v. _____________________句子翻译：_______________________________ 

22.introduce熟义：v.介绍例句：Let me introduce my new colleague to all of you. 

让我给大家介绍一下我的新同事。

This informative walk led by Richard Smyth introduces you to the basic principles of photography in the wild.生义：v. _____________________句子翻译：_______________________________ 

【参考答案】

一、动词类

1.The people who put the signs in their yards created a real homeowners association to address climate change in their communities.生义：v.处理；解决句子翻译：在院子里张贴标语的人们成立了一个正式的房主协会，以解决其社区的气候变化问题。

2.They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn’t strike them as important.生义：v.给……印象；让……觉得句子翻译：他们本可以写上好几页阐述电脑的必要性，但写作本身，根本没让他们觉得有多重要。

3.The economic policy will shape the development of small businesses in rural areas.生义：v.影响；决定句子翻译：这项经济政策将影响农村地区小微企业的发展。

4.The online store is shipping out 1,200 orders of the new product every day.生义：v.发送；寄出句子翻译：这家网店每天发送1200份新产品订单。

5.The team hopes that their research achievements can translate into practical solutions for environmental protection.生义：v.转化；转变句子翻译：该团队希望他们的研究成果能转化为环保领域的实用解决方案。

6.Jacqueline Felice de Almania highlights the suspicion that women practicing medicine faced.生义：v.从事（职业）句子翻译：杰奎琳・费利斯・德・阿尔马尼亚强调了从事医学工作的女性所面临的质疑。

7.The training program is tailor-made to improve students’ practical language skills.生义：v.专门设计句子翻译：该培训项目是专门为提升学生实用语言能力设计的。

8.The factory rejected the sweet potatoes that didn’t meet the quality standards.生义：v.剔除；拒收句子翻译：工厂剔除了未达到质量标准的红薯。

9.Scientists are working to document the species on Earth before they go extinct.生义：v.记录；记载句子翻译：科学家们正致力于在地球上的物种灭绝前记录它们的信息。

10.Researchers are trying to engineer plants to replace the functions of damaged ecosystems.生义：v.设计；改造句子翻译：研究人员正试图改造植物，以替代受损生态系统的功能。

11.Local villagers make a living by farming sheep on the hillside.生义：v.饲养；养殖句子翻译：当地村民靠在山坡上养羊为生。

12.The new community center will house the ever-increasing elderly population in the area.生义：v.为……提供住所句子翻译：这座新社区中心将为该地区不断增加的老年人口提供居住场所。

13.As I leafed through the novel, a piece of paper fell out from between the pages.生义：v.翻阅句子翻译：我翻阅这本小说时，一张纸从书页间掉了出来。

14.In doing so, I’ll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter.生义：v.进行；开展句子翻译：在此过程中，我会借鉴2018年开展的一项实验——当时有1600多人同意进行数字清理。

15.Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbages sound like tough work for middle and high school kids.生义：v.收割；采摘句子翻译：翻土、除草和收割卷心菜，对初高中学生来说似乎是繁重的工作。

16.The organization launched a campaign to raise awareness of plastic pollution.生义：v.发起；创办句子翻译：该组织发起了一项活动，以提高人们对塑料污染的认识。

17.I try to bond with my children by reading stories together every night.生义：v.建立联系句子翻译：我尝试通过每晚一起读故事与孩子们建立情感联系。

18.Countries around the world are trying to tap new energy sources to reduce carbon emissions.生义：v.开发；利用句子翻译：世界各国正努力开发新能源，以减少碳排放。

19.The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks to ones that require mental abstraction.生义：v.提出句子翻译：当实验者从提出简单任务转向需要抽象思维的任务时，纸质阅读的优势尤为突出。

20.I dreamed of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister.生义：v.报名参加句子翻译：我一直梦想着报名参加自行车比赛，直到我飞往圣地亚哥看望姐姐。

21.With environmentalist Eanna Lamhna as the guide, this walk promises to be an informative tour.生义：v.有……的希望；有……的可能句子翻译：由环保人士伊安娜・拉姆纳担任向导，这次徒步旅行有望成为一次增长见闻的旅程。

22.This informative walk led by Richard Smyth introduces you to the basic principles of photography in the wild.生义：v.使初次了解/尝试句子翻译：由理查德・史密斯带领的这次知识型徒步旅行，能让你初次了解野外摄影的基本原理。