*并列连词:连接两个平等的句子成分,常见的有and/but/or/so等,表并列、转折、选择、因果关系例:I like reading, ____ my sister likes dancing.(填but,表转折)*从属连词:引导从句(宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句等),常见的有that/which/who/if/when/because/though等,表时间、原因、条件、让步等逻辑例:He didn’t go to school ____ he was ill.(填because,表原因)
3. 介词:固定搭配与本意用法
介词固定搭配:高频考点,需要日常积累,比如look forward to/ be good at/ in the morning/ on weekends等
名词所有格:表所属关系,单数名词加’s,复数名词以s结尾的加’,不以s结尾的加’s,比如Tom’s book/ the teachers’ office
例:There are many ____ (student) in the classroom.(填students,many后接复数名词)
2. 动词:非谓语与时态语态两大核心
*非谓语动词(to do/doing/done):to do:表目的、将来,用于want/hope/decide等动词后doing:表主动、进行,用于enjoy/like/practice等动词后,或介词后done:表被动、完成,用于被动语态或过去分词作定语/状语例:He wants ____ (be) a teacher in the future.(填to be,want后接to do)*谓语动词时态与被动语态:根据时间标志词判断时态(一般现在/过去/将来时、现在完成时等),主语和动词是被动关系时,要用be done结构例:The tree ____ (plant) by my father last year.(填was planted,过去时被动语态)
例:Today is my ____ (twelve) birthday.(填twelfth,序数词表顺序)
5. 代词:跨界考点,两类考法
很多同学之前会误以为代词只属于虚词,其实在语法填空中,代词同时属于给词考点和不给词考点:*给词考点(代词变形):题目给出代词原形,需要变形,核心是代词格和类型转换代词格:主格(I/he/she)作主语,宾格(me/him/her)作宾语代词类型:形容词性物主代词(my/his/her)修饰名词,名词性物主代词(mine/his/hers)直接作句子成分,反身代词(myself/himself/herself)表“自身”例:I often help ____ (I) mother with housework.(填my,形容词性物主代词修饰名词mother)例:The book is ____ (I).(填mine,名词性物主代词作表语)*不给词考点(代词指代):题目不给出代词原形,需要根据上下文判断指代对象,比如it/they/them等,表人或事物的指代例:My sister is a student. ____ likes reading very much.(填She,指代my sister)