2017年
初赛 汉译英
清华大学的学生创客们：
“五四”青年节前，收到你们的来信，被你们的活力所感染，更为你们的创新精神所打动。创客将奇思妙想转化成现实产品，这与刻在你们校园日晷上“行胜于言”的校风相得益彰。毫无疑问，学习是学生第一位的任务。我希望当代大学生要有钻研学问的精进态度，学好基础知识，提高基础本领，筑实基础研究，在学习中不仅要向书本学习，也要向实践学习。与此同时，也应鼓励勇于打破常规创新创业的开拓精神。
“大众创业、万众创新”，核心在于激发人的创造力，尤其在于激发青年的创造力。青年愿创业，社会才生机盎然；青年争创新，国家就朝气蓬勃。
我很欣赏你们信中所说的，在创客的时代，创造不再是少数人的专业，而是多数人的机会。政府将会出台更多的积极政策，为“众创空间”清障搭台，为创客们施展才华、实现人生价值提供更加广阔的舞台。
希望你们不断丰富创客文化，把创客种子在更大范围播撒开来。有机会我会去清华大学看望你们的创客团队。向老师和同学们问好！
初赛 英译汉
For most ordinary Chinese, the end of the Great Qing probably changed very little about their lives in the short term. One woman who experienced the revolution as a factory laborer in Shandong later recalled that the reality of the transition for her was simply the unit of currency: after the revolution the money was denominated in silver dollars and cents rather than Qing copper cash, but the buying power of her wages remained unaffected. For others, however—elite males, in particular— this was a cultural event of profound and disturbing significance. An occasional scholar committed suicide as a quixotic act of loyalism to the de- parted dynasty, and well into the 1920s pockets of men throughout the new nation refused to cut their queues and adopt modern hairstyles, out of a mix of deference to the Qing and filiality to fathers and grandfathers who had proudly worn their hair this way. More broadly, the end of the Qing brought with it a crisis of masculinity that manifested itself in a mannered nostalgia for such mundane, morbidly erotic, and now politically incorrect vestiges of the old culture as the female bound foot.
The Great Qing empire was something qualitatively different from the successive Chinese or alien conquest dynasties that had preceded it. As a multinational, universal empire of a distinctively early modern Eurasian type, it had with astonishing success expanded the geographic scope of “China” and incorporated non-Han peoples such as Mongols, Jurchens, Tibetans, Inner Asian Muslims, and others into a new kind of transcendent political entity. Gradually, Han Chinese literati came to accept this new definition of China and to identify it as their fatherland.But when a new kind of social Darwinist nationalism appeared on the scene in the late nineteenth century, arguing that the proper basis of a nation-state was a racial or ethnic homeland, this seemed to imply that the fledgling Republic of China was the proprietary domain of the Han Chinese alone.
决赛 汉译英
行业代表倡议，旅游从业人员要遵守契约精神，维护市场秩序，服务大众旅游，用真心、专心和匠心，关切游客的需求；要把游客当成家人，随时了解游客最需要什么，要像关心家人一样关心游客；要恪守自己的职业理想，为世界传播知识和文化，为游客创造快乐和幸福；要恪守待客之道，文明规范经营，用优美的景色、整洁的环境、完善的设施和体贴的服务，给游客提供难忘的体验；要谨慎驾驶、坚持原则，让游客安全地回家；要继续秉承快速反应、贴心服务的理念，全力保障游客和旅游经营者的合法权益。
游客代表倡议，广大旅游者要恪守公德，讲究礼仪，摒弃不良习惯，注意言谈举止，爱护环境和公共设施，尊重民族民俗和传统，保护生态和文物古迹，践行文明旅游公约，用脚步丈量世界，播撒文明。
决赛 英译汉
Things are not just inert objects that simply do what we make them do. They carry meanings, meanings sometimes so powerful that they over- whelm their use entirely. The double life of things is most easily spotted at the upper end of consumption. The court, for instance, had to be filled with objects of the finest quality, not because an expensive elegant stool was more useful than a cheap sturdy one, but because it was doing more work than supporting the rear end of the person sitting on it. It was what it was because it had to publicize the wealth and elegance that the court was expected to embody.
The Yuan and Ming courts were accordingly major consumers of luxury objects: paintings to be hung on walls, furniture to be sat on, place settings ordered from the porcelain kilns in Jingdezhen, silks to dress themselves and their families, elegantly bound books to read and to present to loyal subordinates. The scale of courtly consumption was vast. An entire apparatus of state workshops, some of them within the precincts of the palace itself, some in key manufacturing cities such as Suzhou and Hangzhou, came into being to manufacture the luxury objects the court commanded. Popular taste followed suit, of course. People outside the imperial family eyed these luxuries for themselves and connived to consume them, though they could only do so within some very particular rules—such as making sure that whenever you bought something with a dragon on it, that dragon’s feet sported only four claws instead of five. Recall that the discovery of bowls decorated with dragons counted against the Jesuits.
Taste was not a one-way conveyor belt extending from the court to society. Some people might wish to imitate the emperor by acquiring the objects he consumed, or more likely knock-offs of the real things, but to men of discrimination, this was a losing game. Better to set your own standards—and this is what the gentry did, developing styles that ac- corded with their own consumption preferences. These hinged not on what was costly and conspicuous (though it was always nice to be noticed, especially when you had paid a lot for the thing being consumed) but on what was elegant. Elegance was a tough criterion to master, tough enough to stump the nouveaux riches. It could even be tough enough to put emperors at a disadvantage, which was the point. What did an emperor have except Heaven’s mandate, a security apparatus, and an apparently endless supply of cash? Without his Confucian tutors, he could have no knowledge of the subjects of which men of good taste should be in full command: antiquities, painting, calligraphy, books, even comportment. Khubilai and Zhu Yuanzhang did not trouble themselves about mastering such arcana. Their descendants, many of whom came to the throne as children, did no better. They had tutors in such matters, but they listened to them half-heartedly. Compared to their Song predecessors, the thirty Yuan and Ming emperors stand out for their utter lack of cultural attainments. The exception is the Xuande emperor (r. 1426– 1435), grandson of Yongle and great-grandson of the founder—the rare case of an emperor sufficiently absorbed in the culture of elegance to achieve real skill as a painter. But he is the only one.
In an economy based as much on taste as on money, the emperor as wealthy consumer had to cede place to the gentry connoisseur as elegant consumer. Emperors merely possessed things, whereas connoisseurs used them to express the highest ideas of their culture: thoughtful contemplation, aesthetic discernment, and good taste. The two practices of consumption—the conspicuous and the elegant—influenced each other, but largely went on in separate social realms. Thus, while Zhu Yuanzhang was furnishing his palace in Nanjing, a wealthy collector by the name of Cao Zhao was in the same city compiling a guide to collecting elegant artifacts. Essential Criteria for Discriminating Antiquities (Gewu yaolun), which taught gentry readers how to identify objects worth collecting and to appreciate them without being tainted by the urge to possess them.4 The emperor would not have been interested. Still, whether merely acquisitive or deeply cultural, consumption had the powerful effect of stimulating the creation of an extraordinary oeuvre of art and artifacts that defines what most people think of as “Ming.”
初赛 汉译英
中国移动支付发展引领世界
大约在1500年前，中国发明了纸币。公元7世纪，唐代商人开始用纸制收据来结算，将金属硬币交予他人保管。到了10世纪，宋朝朝廷开始发行纸币。这一次，又是中国给世界带来了货币革新。中国在移动支付市场上发展迅猛，很可能会成为全球第一个建成“无现金社会”的国家。
中国在新经济和尖端技术上取得的成功让中国人有理由感到骄傲。中国的移动支付技术领先美国和欧洲，在迈向“无现金社会”的进展速度也超过西方多数发达经济体。中国消费者已习惯使用手机为小商品付款，支付宝和微信支付已经成为了中国创新的标志。
发展中国家的消费者和企业都希望实现无线金支付的情况下，手机二维码正在击败苹果支付和其他品牌的支付服务。中国为这种转型提供了一个有效的模式，而且很可能会被效仿。
移动支付等无现金支付方式在中国发展得如火如荼。它得益于三方面的发展，一是包括第三方支付在内的移动互联网技术的进步；二是年轻消费群体的移动支付习惯；三则与中国的城市化进程有关。城市人口相对密集，因此面对面的交易也相对多。在这个过程中，移动支付提供了很大的便利，同时这也有助于减少出现假钞的情况。
移动支付的兴起则大致经过了三个阶段。首先是通过扫描二维码来支付的方式改变了部分人的消费习惯。接着有越来越多的线下商家接受这种支付方式。再者是阿里巴巴和腾讯两大巨头在场景应用方面做了很多铺垫，包括购物，公共出行交通和水电煤支付等。
在很多领域，移动支付都产生了深刻的影响。最显著的是移动支付方便了居民的消费，无论是出门打车还是市场买菜都可以不带现金。在促进消费的同时，它还可以提高财产安全。有人开玩笑说，手机整天拿在手里的话，小偷也可能没钱可偷。此外，人们很多金融服务通过手机就可以实现了，去银行的需求也就越来越少，这对国内现有的金融行业，特别是银行业会产生深远的影响。
在世界范围内，中国移动支付的发展处于领先地位，其规模和程度都很大，比西方国家发展得更迅速、使用频次更多、深度更广。这其中既有历史原因也有自己的独特优势。
传统上，中国的金融服务发展得比较慢，很多人没有信用卡或者没能得到相关的金融或理财服务，移动支付就弥补了这部分人群的金融需求。发达国家则是由于借记卡和信用卡支付系统比较完善，在移动支付方面的需求就比较少。
对其他金融体系发展较为滞后的发展中国家来说，中国移动支付的发展具有一定借鉴性，其低成本和便利性可以惠及当地民众，刺激经济增长。但是它存在一定的门槛。中国在无线网络等基建设施方面的前期投入比较大，建设得也比较好，因此能支持人们这种消费和支付行为。另外，中国人的工作和生活节奏比较快，对便捷或效率就有比较大的追求。当然，移动支付也可能存在一定的问题和风险，例如移动支付的数据安全以及支付系统的稳定性需要引起足够的重视。
总体来说，移动支付等无现金支付是一个健康的趋势。展望未来，中国移动支付的发展有两个趋势。一是在无现金支付的过程中，人们对于移动互联技术的要求越来越高。二是会有越来越多的商家和商业环境会来使用这种支付方式，并从国内扩展到国外。在海外华人比较多的地方和一些旅游场所，会有越来越多的人使用支付宝和微信支付等支付方式。这也是推动中国移动互联技术在全球布局的过程。
初赛 英译汉
The Business of Planting Trees
A Growing Investment Opportunity
Approximately 41 million trees are cut down every day—far faster than we are currently replanting them. The consequences of deforestation and other types of land degradation are severe, exacerbating climate change, biodiversity loss, and declines in ecosystem services that hundreds of millions of people depend on.
In response, governments around the world have committed to restore 160 million hectares—an area larger than South Africa. But it will take more than government action to execute on these commitments; the private sector has an important role to play, too.
In fact, these commitments are spurring increased demand for companies that can deliver large projects cost-effectively—restoring degraded land has the potential to become a big business opportunity, on top of providing much needed climate mitigation and other ecosystem benefits. Established companies and entrepreneurs alike are finding new ways to make money from sustainably managed forests and farms.
Some are responding to governmental incentives; others are responding directly to the market, restoring land to generate new products and services, or to differentiate their offerings from the competition. Some entrepreneurs are betting that a huge new business opportunity for natural carbon capture and sequestration will emerge as more governments charge a fee for emissions driving climate change. New research by The Nature Conservancy, World Resources Institute and other partners shows that restoration and other land management improvements could provide more than a third of the emissions reductions necessary to keep global warming under 2°C.
Yet hurdles remain, and one of the biggest is funding. Many investors still know little about restoration opportunities. This report is intended to bridge that information gap; it includes case studies of 14 innovative enterprises across eight countries. They cover a fascinating range of activities, from drones that shoot seeds into hardened soils to genetic research on tree species threatened with extinction.
The restoration economy is at the take-off stage. New business models are emerging, technology is advancing and governments are showing political will. This is great news for investors looking for the next growth opportunity. And this is good news for the planet, since restoring land can provide clean water, improve livelihoods and enhance biodiversity—all while pulling back to the earth excess atmospheric carbon that would otherwise be heating the planet.
Opportunities have never been greater—and the task has never been more urgent. As an ancient Chinese proverb says, “The best time to plant a tree was 20 years ago. The next best time is now.”
决赛 汉译英
What is an "Inclusive Green Economy"?
An Inclusive Green Economy (IGE) has evolved from earlier work on Green Economy. In its simplest expression, such an economy is low carbon, efficient and clean in production, but also inclusive in consumption and outcomes, based on sharing, circularity, collaboration, solidarity, resilience, opportunity, and interdependence. It is focused on expanding options and choices for national economies, using targeted and appropriate fiscal and social protection policies, and backed up by strong institutions that are specifically geared to safeguarding social and ecological floors. And it recognizes that there are many and diverse pathways to environmental sustainability.
Our approach speaks to the multiple benefits – economic, health, security, social and environmental – that such an approach can bring to nations, mindful of the different challenges faced by states along the development continuum, be they developed, developing, emerging, or in conflict. It argues for policies that are nuanced, context-dependent, and modulated. An integrated approach can help states understand how to maximize, prioritize, and sequence the different benefits to human well-being that can be derived from a healthy environment. At the end of the day, an inclusive green economy must provide not only for jobs and income, but for our health, our environment, and our future. This is our common challenge: creating the conditions for enhanced prosperity and growing social equity, within the contours of a finite and fragile planet.
An Inclusive Green Economy is an alternative to today's dominant economic model, which generates widespread environmental and health risks, encourages wasteful consumption and production, drives ecological and resource scarcities and results in inequality. It is an opportunity to advance both sustainability and social equity as functions of a stable and prosperous financial system within the contours of a finite and fragile planet.It is a pathway towards achieving the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, eradicating poverty while safeguarding the ecological thresholds, which underpin human health, well-being, and development.
决赛 英译汉
几千余年前，正是在丝绸之路上，西汉张骞两次从陆路出使西域，中国船队在海上远达印度和斯里兰卡；唐代对外通使交好的国家达70多个，来自各国的使臣、商人、留学生云集长安；15世纪初，航海家郑和七下西洋，到达东南亚诸多国家，远抵非洲东海岸肯尼亚，留下了中国同沿途各国人民友好交往的佳话。
几千余年后，正是在丝绸之路上，世界其他文明与中华文明交流互鉴。源自中国本土的儒学，早已走向世界，成为人类文明的一部分。佛教传入中国后，同儒家文化和道家文化融合发展，形成了具有中国特色的佛教文化和理论。中国的造纸术、火药、印刷术、指南针四大发明带动了整个世界的革故鼎新，直接推动了欧洲的文艺复兴。中国哲学、文学、医药、丝绸、瓷器、茶叶等传入西方，渗入西方民众日常生活之中。
在这种意义上，中国不仅仅只是一个国家或是民族国家，她更是一种文明，一种独特而深邃的文明。中华文明曾长期处于世界领先地位，是世界主流文化之一，对包括西方文化在内的其他地区文化曾产生过重要影响，排他性最小，包容性又最强，为整个世界克服困难、生生不息提供了强大精神支撑。
初赛 汉译英
付费就能得到知识吗？
很多知识付费软件鼓励你晒出自己的学习时间，帮你排名，1000小时以上的学习，多少书籍的阅读给了你心理上的满足感。但这些指标其实是你的付出，不代表你的收获。信息与知识，一是零散的内容，一是结构化的有使用价值的体系。如何有效利用知识付费内容获取知识不是获取信息，希望以下内容可以帮助到你。
首先，问出一个好问题和找到一个答案，哪个更重要？问出一系列好问题就是获得知识的开始。一种知识能够起到作用一定是建立在现有的认识体系和现有的知识之上的，一种知识要想转化为能力需要不断去实践，这种实践可以是将知识付诸行动，例如学习了英语课程是需要去和外国人交流。没有实践环节知识不能转化为一种能力。
其次，真正有用的不是知识，是解答问题的能力，而探索能力和答案是否正确没有太大关系。好的老师鼓励好的问题，问题本身体现了学生对专项内容的理解及思考的深度。在今天这个社会飞速变化的时代，很多问题没有答案，或者说没有标准答案。如何高效获得信息，将信息整理加工成一种对可能性的预判是真正的能力所在。
最后，无疑知识付费的年代提供了大量可以学习提升的机会，需要根据个人的兴趣，搭建一个知识体系，这才是每个人需要持之以恒坚持的事。
初赛 英译汉
The Global Fertility Gap
Far from having too many children, many women in developing countries, like their peers in the rich world, are actually having too few: that is, fewer children than they’d like to have.
This claim may seem strange: we’re used to hearing about the problem of excessively high fertility in Africa, or the unmet need for contraception. But while unintended or undesired pregnancies are indeed concerningly high in many developing countries, where contraceptive access could be improved, that’s only part of the story. At the same time, total fertility has often plummeted rapidly, even falling below desired fertility.
This claim has been nearly impossible to prove in the past for the simple reason that data on desired or ideal fertility has been hard to come by. None of the major international databases on fertility include any systematic, worldwide collection of data on fertility preferences. In layman’s terms, nobody has been systematically recording how many children women around the world actually want to have. This is shocking since women’s childbearing desires and ideals are widely recognized to have a big influence on fertility behaviors , and because governments and NGOs spend tens of billions of dollars every year on family planning programs domestically and abroad. But alas, around the world, policies intended to enhance reproductive rights and enable family planning are often enacted without any consideration of what women actually say they desire.
I have compiled a database from numerous sources on the average number of children a woman of childbearing age in a given country says is ideal to have. The exact question varies somewhat across time and country, but I have tried to focus on personal ideals to the extent possible. I generally prefer questions like, “If you had enough resources for it, how many children would be ideal for you, personally, to have?” Where questions about personal ideals aren’t available, I include general ideals. I do not include questions about intentions to maintain comparability. Overall, I have 727 data points, covering 141 countries, derived from 86 sources, reported in 63 different years, ranging from 1936 to 2018. That may sound like a lot, but the World Bank’s database on fertility has over 11,000 data points. In other words, even with numerous sources, I can only produce a very small database of fertility preferences compared to databases on actual fertility.
决赛 汉译英
避免技术异化教育
有了互联网技术，将它充分且有效地运用于教学是理所当然的。但任何技术都是把双刃剑，直播课堂也不例外。
放在教育均衡的视野下，互联网技术可以通过更大范围的信息传播，使得原本不均衡的两地教育变得更均衡，让更多的人享受更加优质的教育资源；同时，如果这种技术使用的方向或者目的发生了偏差，就很可能在客观上压抑了相对落后地区教师的自主教学和成长，一段时间后反而可能拉大了两地的教育差距。
正因如此，对互联网、大数据、人工智能在教育上的运用，都要不仅仅看到好处、看到进步，同样需要思考它可能带来的负效应，防患于未然，因为教育关乎人的命运、关乎社会进步，容不得随意“试错”。
应该看到，教育本身的内在逻辑远比互联网和人工智能复杂。互联网是教育的手段和工具，这决定了“互联网+教育”时，只能遵从教育的规律，而不是互联网的规律。远程教学也好，大数据分析也好，技术手段最终都要服务于教育的本质。
在教育领域使用现代信息技术时，尤其要注意遵循人的成长规律，尊重天性，教学相长，让学生的能力得到更多元的发展，成为更好的自己，创造更美好的社会。
决赛 英译汉
Rejection Makes Your Life Better
As an extension of our positivity/consumer culture, many of us have been“indoctrinated” with the belief that we should try to be as inherently accepting and affirmative as possible. This is a cornerstone of many of the so-called positive thinking books: open yourself up to opportunities, be accepting, say yes to everything and everyone, and so on.
But we need to reject something. Otherwise, we stand for nothing. If nothing is better or more desirable than anything else, then we are empty and our life is meaningless. We are without values and therefore live our life without any purpose.
The avoidance of rejection (both giving and receiving it) is often sold to us as a way to make ourselves feel better. But avoiding rejection gives us short-term pleasure by making us rudderless and directionless in the long term.
To truly appreciate something, you must confine yourself to it. There's a certain level of joy and meaning that you reach in life only when you've spent decades investing in a single relationship, a single craft, a single career. And you cannot achieve those decades of investment without rejecting the alternatives.
The act of choosing a value for yourself requires rejecting alternative values. If I choose to make my marriage the most important part of my life, that means I'm (probably) choosing not to make cocaine-fueled hooker orgies an important part of my life. If I'm choosing to judge myself based on my ability to have open and accepting friendships, that means I'm rejecting trashing my friends behind their backs. These are all healthy decisions, yet they require rejection at every turn.
The point is this: we all must give a fuck about something, in order to value something. And to value something, we must reject what is not that something. To value X, we must reject non-X.
That rejection is an inherent and necessary part of maintaining our values, and therefore our identity. We are defined by what we choose to reject. And if we reject nothing (perhaps in fear of being rejected by something ourselves), we essentially have no identity at all.
The desire to avoid rejection at all costs, to avoid confrontation and conflict, the desire to attempt to accept everything equally and to make everything cohere and harmonize, is a deep and subtle form of entitlement. Entitled people, because they feel as though they deserve to feel great all the time, avoid rejecting anything because doing so might make them or someone else feel bad. And because they refuse to reject anything, they live a valueless, pleasure-driven, and self-absorbed life. All they give a fuck about is sustaining the high a little bit longer, to avoid the inevitable failures of their life, to pretend the suffering away.
Rejection is an important and crucial life skill.
初赛 汉译英
2020年春天，新冠肺炎疫情改写了世界历史。疫情给人类生命安全和身体健康带来巨大威胁，给全球公共卫生安全带来巨大挑战。
病毒是人类共同的敌人。今天的全球疫情防控，已经是一场维护全球公共卫生安全之战、维护人类健康福祉之战、维护世界发展繁荣之战。疫情在全球蔓延以来，中国始终秉持人类命运共同体理念，同各国分享防控有益做法，开展药物和疫苗联合研发，并向出现疫情的国家提供力所能及的援助。
病毒没有国界。没有什么比全球公共卫生危机更能印证人类命运相联、休戚与共的客观现实，也没有什么比全球合作抗疫更能凸显构建人类命运共同体的迫切。以团结取代分歧，以理性消除偏见，以行动代替犹豫，各国应携手抗疫，共克时艰。唯有如此，世界才能走出疫情的至暗时刻，迎来风雨之后的阳光。
初赛 英译汉
①Humans have a strange knack of finding a solution to every problem. Sometimes they don't hit upon the right solution very quickly, but mostly they do. Creating a vaccine for COVID-19 is no easy feat, but people have been successfully addressing several other problems that suddenly appeared in the wake of the pandemic.
②As lock downs were imposed by different countries to contain the spread of the novel corona virus, education became one of the worst hit social sectors. Millions of students have been left unable to attend their schools, colleges and universities after restrictions on movement were put in place.
③COVID-19 may turn out to be a game-changer for the education sector, and especially for poorer nations with limited resources and an inability to construct traditional infrastructure for education. They can now embark on mass-level education programs by using free online resources.
④However, there are also certain challenges to this rise in virtual education, the most important of which is affordability. Other key questions include addressing how many people can buy gadgets and access online resources. The issue of poverty is therefore a big hurdle for millions of people across the globe in accessing online education.
⑤Another challenge is a lack of well-trained personnel. In less developed countries, teachers may not be tech-savvy enough to exploit the latest online materials and so they should be first trained in order to leverage this opportunity.
⑥Governments and education authorities may also face problems as they are accustomed to the traditional system and convincing them to move to online platforms will be a daunting task
⑦The current trend of online teaching is a good start in addressing some of the most pressing problems for students in the short term, but fully utilizing it in the long term will require more coordinated and focused efforts.
决赛 汉译英
志愿服务的参与程度，彰显着一个社会的文明素养；千千万万志愿者，展现着泱泱大国的文明形象。志愿者们身体力行，让爱心在行动中播撒，让正能量在传播中延续，吸引带动更多人参与其中，形成人人为我、我为人人的良好社会风尚。
那些原本是老师、公司职员、快递员、水电工、学生的人，在新冠肺炎疫情防控阻击战中有了一个共同的名字——“志愿者”；他们原本都是普通市民，却化身为信息员、采购员、宣传员；他们利用休息时间，成为了照顾邻居孩子的“临时妈妈”、纾解情绪的“知心姐姐”。从城市到乡村，从线上到线下，一个个“红马甲”在疫情面前站出来、在关键时刻顶上去，在各个岗位上发光发热，成为防控一线不可或缺的力量。
事实上，除了注册志愿者，还有很多自发参与抗疫的无名英雄，他们向邻居伸出援手，在街道助人为乐，在本职工作之外作出贡献。即便是举手之劳同样值得点赞，他们的默默付出同样值得铭记。
“聚是一团火，散是满天星。”无论在什么岗位上，志愿服务的经历都将成为他们宝贵的人生财富，那种奉献、友爱、互助、进步的精神都将成为凝聚人心的融融暖意，那种同舟共济、众志成城的合力都将成为国家和社会勇毅前行的坚实支撑。
决赛 英译汉
How The Downturn Affects Students
Students are traditionally low on funds, but how will the recession affect their immediate futures? A report out last week suggests badly, with a fall in graduate vacancies. David① meets the next generation reconsidering their career options.
There is a chill wind blowing through the campus of Keele university② these days and it's nothing to do with the weather. Students fear the recession and the downturn in graduate recruitment, may mean their studies lead them nowhere, but a dole queue. Students' Union president already has her degree, and will give up her union post this summer, but she's not looking forward to launching herself onto the jobs market.
The fact that, you are graduating today and tomorrow, you might not be able to get a job, is a very very scary prospect, I think it also has an impact on the students that have just graduated from high school, or leaving at 16, and they're thinking “Is it worth coming to university, is it worth getting a degree？”
In the campus, student life goes on as it always has. But these undergraduates know the bubble of academia will not protect them from the recession for long.
Particularly over Christmas and Easter when you're only home for months, no one's got any jobs to give out for a few weeks.
My dad works for Halifax and Bank of Scotland③ which obviously he knows, has just gone under,so that's a fact that means he is gonna be made redundance by probably at least an hour, and he was one of the main offers of money for helping with bills and he's used to paying my tuition fees.
As the recession deepens, some students find themselves with a dilemma: do they stay at university, continue their studies, and hope the graduate job market improves by the time they leave, or do they bailout now and take a job, any job, so they don't get left on the employment shelf.
Keele’s performance in the graduate jobs market has been good so far. The latest figures available show 95% of students leaving do get a job, but that was before the economy fell off a cliff , and the university is working hard to equip its students with the skills to compete in an ever gloomier employment field.
I think the important thing for us is actually to give them tools and ability to actually respond to the environment, I think our students are well enough, aware of the external circumstances.
It's been a long time since the degree guaranteed a job when you left university. But never in the living memory of these students have their job prospects looked so bleak.
初赛 汉译英
传统的清明节除了祭祖外，还有许多风俗，如踏青、插柳、放风筝、荡秋千、踢毽子等。十几年来，经过悉心浇灌和涵养，这些原本日渐枯萎的文化活动又勃兴起来，呈现出新的形式以适应现代社会需求。比如“踏春”变成了春游，“插柳”转化为植树造林。被立为国家法定假日后，清明节还承载了人们购物、休闲、旅游等多种需求。小长假催生出更多消费需求和商机，为多个行业带来经济增长。这种“假日现象”是清明节在当代最大的变化。
在浩瀚的历史长河中，一个节日的形成是时间和人们双向互动的结果。作为中国重要的传统节日，清明节蕴含着华夏文明的文化基因。在城市化、市场化、国际化不断发展，现代生活与传统节日不断碰撞与冲突的当下，清明节的文化复归告诉我们，唯有不断丰富发展，才能更好地保护传承传统节日、守护民族精神家园。
初赛 英译汉
We are living during the biggest ever work experiment which has pushed us 10 years into the future in the span of just one. It is incredible what can be done when we have no choice. Many of those who doubted people could work from home have eaten their words as we all have gotten used to zoom calls, set up home offices, and worked out how to balance work and personal time. If we examine what this may look like in the short and long term, it is interesting to see some of the opportunities and challenges that lie before us.
Before 2020, we never really thought about how work has always been. We simply accepted everyone had to arrive to work at the same time and that we could end up sitting beside the same person for five years without any knowledge of who they might be. We shared a restroom, accepted the room temperature even if it did not suit us personally, few got a corner office or even a room with a view and many might even have had to accept pets in the office whether they wanted to or not. In March 2020, the shift happened, and overnight it was expected of everyone to work from home and the initial mood was overwhelmingly positive. No more commutes, more time with the family, and a belief that we would be much more productive, but how much did this align with reality?
The positives associated with remote working was the feeling that we suddenly had more time freed up; ample proof that things could be run without everyone having to be physically present in the office; a decrease in bureaucracy with even the most stubborn Luddites accepting email over snail mail. It gave us a rare glimpse into people's homes which helped us see our colleagues more as a person in their entirety and not just their work persona. It has certainly helped those with lives that just did not suit rigid clocking-in environments and that glower from the manager should one arrive even three minutes late.
决赛 汉译英
新职业提供更多人生出彩机会
新职业不会凭空出现，而是应时而生。新职业不断涌现，折射出的是社会变迁和时代发展。近年来，互联网、云计算、大数据、人工智能等与实体经济深度融合，人们对美好生活的向往越来越广泛丰富。透过新职业，可以感受科技革命大潮涌动、生活品质显著提升，更能看到一个充满生机与活力的中国。
新职业为个人成长出彩提供更多可能。除了不同以往的工作体验，新职业还意味着更广阔的就业空间、更多元的职业转型机会。三百六十行，行行出状元。在机遇面前，谁能率先把握住，谁就有可能成为弄潮儿。当今职业选择呈现多元化、个性化趋势，越来越多的年轻人摒弃传统的择业观，大胆尝试新生事物，勇于应对变化挑战，通过掌握新技能、学习新本领，使个人价值得到充分发挥，拓宽自己的人生舞台。
新职业为经济社会发展增添更多动力。一个新职业接续而生的社会，其经济脉动必然强劲有力。细数近年诞生的新职业，不难发现，其主要集中于高新技术产业、新兴产业和现代服务业领域，许多还与数字经济紧密关联。而以上领域，恰恰是中国经济提质升级的新动能所在。一系列新职业迅速壮大，支撑起一批批新产业、新业态、新模式的蓬勃发展，推动着经济社会迈向高质量发展。
决赛 汉译英
What does the future of work look like?
Well, this is only the beginning and there will be a lot of growing pains, but the reality is we will need a blend of working in offices and from home. We fail sometimes to see the work that happens when we connect with others. We come up with ideas, we understand people better when we meet them, we can influence, persuade, and communicate better when they see us in person and not just a face on a video call. We also must be careful of the ramifications if we sign up to becoming a full-time remote worker. Whether we like it or not there is a lot of unconscious bias that exists in business and many managers may feel it is easier to pass someone over for promotion or worse let them go when they don't see them face to face.
It is not just the employees who are struggling with this future; employers have to make big decisions about a very tricky next six to 12 months of job losses when we see the long-term economic ramifications. They have also just begun to see the benefits of technology and remote working. We have to realize that machines, robots, and artificial intelligence will be coming for many blue collar and white collar jobs over the next 10 years. How do we compete against a machine that works seven days a week 24 hours a day and never gets sick, never wants holidays, and never aspires for a promotion?!
The biggest opportunity however for employers is to build more trust in their employees.This idea that you cannot trust employees if you cannot see them ignores the fact that there have been countless employees in offices surfing the net, attending meetings they did not need to and not contributing much to the business, but because we could see they were in the office we presumed they were working. We need to move from this presenteeism performance model to a focus on productivity and outputs. Most managers would agree that if an employee is delivering an excellent standard of work all of the time, there is no need to worry as to where they are working from or how many hours they use to get the job done.
As regards jobs, we may begin to see many jobs that are advertised as "remote only." As more people work from home there will need to be a change to how we approach work when our home and workplace are the same place, and how to ensure we avoid burnout from over-work which we have started to see in some remote workers.
How do we plan for this uncertain future? We see that the genie is out of the bottle and we will never move back to the work model we had, but we will find an equilibrium post-COVID-19.For employees out there, I would be worrying less about where you will work and much more about the work you do, whether you are enjoying your work, and whether you are learning and feel challenged. You have to realize that it will be rare to stay in one job for the rest of one's life; therefore be ready for change, as well as building skills and networking. It is these relationships that we rely on the most when we need support, and in this new future we are all going to need support.
初赛 汉译英
日本对垃圾分类要求非常严格，但也并非一蹴而就，而是经过了几十年的努力。
20世纪50年代，日本家庭的垃圾主要根据是否能焚烧分为不燃垃圾和可燃垃圾。进入20世纪90年代，随着再利用越来越受到重视以及填埋空间的减少，减少垃圾产生量日益受到重视，垃圾分类也增加了更多品类。
如今，日本垃圾分类越发细致、复杂。家庭垃圾被分为可燃垃圾、不可燃垃圾、资源垃圾和大件垃圾4大类，各大类继续细分，例如资源垃圾分为矿泉水瓶、玻璃瓶、纸等。而且，每种垃圾要按规定时间放在指定地方，丢弃大件物品还需另付费用。如果未按规定分类或未在指定时间投放垃圾，垃圾将会被退回。
为解决废弃物回收问题，日本大力建设环境负荷小的循环性社会。日本法律提出，要减少废弃物的产生，促进资源的循环利用，还规定了减少产生、再利用、再生利用、回收热量、适当处理等的优先顺序，从而实现减少原料、重新利用、物品回收的法制化。
日本的垃圾分类从娃娃抓起。日本小学四五年级就专门开设了学习垃圾分类的课程，日常生活中一些未按规定分类的垃圾会被拍照，在学校作为反面教材使用。
初赛 英译汉
Embracing the unknown
Some of life’s problems are solvable: you can leave a bad relationship or job, improve your health, or get better at managing money. Uncertainty is different. Nobody likes the clenched-stomach feeling of not knowing whether things will be OK – yet, as philosophers and psychologists point out throughout history, uncertainty is part of being human. None of us can see into the future, but that doesn’t mean we’re condemned to suffer constant anxiety.
Why pick a battle you’ll lose? As a philosopher observed, uncertainty is like quicksand: the harder you strain to get out, the deeper you go. Unpredictable change is the essence of life, so fighting it isn’t merely a tall order, but futile by definition, like trying to lift yourself up by your own hair. There is a contradiction in wanting to be perfectly secure in a universe whose very nature is momentariness and fluidity.
You think you want to know, but consider this: If a psychic could tell you the details of the rest of your life, would you want to know? You might say yes, but think harder: no surprises, no discoveries and no mystery. The quest for certainty blocks the search for meaning. All the most fulfilling aspects of life require it: it’s the precondition for creativity, adventure, personal growth and love.
Coping with uncertainty is a kind of superpower. It’s alarming how many big choices we make because we want unease to go away, not because they are for the best. (To start a relationship or take a job...) Next time you face such a decision, try feeling your churning stomach, but not acting on it. Ask yourself what’s the right choice, and do that.
What can you control? We make ourselves miserable trying to change things we can’t – but happiness comes from saving our efforts for what is within our influence. Consider work: you can’t affect the economy or whether colleagues appreciate you. What do you control? Your work ethic; how you communicate; if you stay... Focus on those.
It’s not all or nothing. Make the shift in areas of lesser importance. Visit a restaurant without first checking the menu; mark a date in your diary two weeks from now, and try to relish uncertainty till then. It’s unlikely your world will fall apart during that time!
决赛 汉译英
抓住年轻人消费心理
青年群体的日常消费具有碎片化信息引导消费行为的特征，同时青年人更有自己的主见、喜欢新的尝试，热衷体验不同的消费场景。因此，想要获得青年消费者的青睐其实并不容易。
首先，这一群体兼具理性与个性，这让他们成为最难讨好的消费群体。该群体成长于优渥的大环境，受教育程度高，能够主导自己的人生选择。在这样的成长环境下，他们拥有较高的消费能力和消费潜力，但也形成了独特的价值观。企业针对这一群体推出产品时，要考虑实用、颜值、个性、健康等多重因素，还要在产业链的各个环节提升软实力，打造符合青年群体人设和文化的产品，让他们找到共鸣。
其次，青年群体的生活信息化程度高，网络引领作用强，有利于科技产品推广和小众商品破圈。随着互联网应用的快速发展，移动社交愈发火爆。因此他们习惯以碎片化的方式获取信息，手机成为其获取信息的主要渠道。数据显示，18岁至25岁的青年消费群体对科技型产品的偏好度最高。他们是最早尝试使用新产品的人群，也是各种创新应用的推动型力量。
此外，青年群体认知多元、需求细分、圈层明显，专业性要求更高。他们的成长期是中国经济快速发展的重要时期，这让其具有了全球视野，认知也更为多元。想要获得这一群体的认可，就要求企业在研发、生产和营销中用更好的技术，打造更过硬的品质，讲更好的故事。
决赛 英译汉
Freedom Through Commitment
Consumer culture is very good at making us want more, more, more. Underneath all the hype and marketing is the implication that more is always better. I bought into this idea for years.
But more is not always better. In fact, the opposite is true. We are actually often happier with less. When we're overloaded with opportunities and options, we suffer from what psychologists refer to as the paradox of choice. Basically, the more options we're given, the less satisfied we become with whatever we choose, because we're aware of all the other options we're potentially forfeiting.
So what do we do? Well, if you're like I used to be, you avoid choosing anything at all. You aim to keep your options open as long as possible. You avoid commitment.
But while investing deeply in one person, one place, one job, one activity might deny us the breadth of experience we'd like, pursuing a breadth of experience denies us the opportunity to experience the rewards of depth of experience. There are some experiences that you can have only when you've lived in the same place for five years, when you've been with the same person for over a decade, when you've been working on the same skill or craft for half your lifetime.
When you're pursuing a wide breadth of experience, there are diminishing returns to each new adventure, each new person or thing. When you've never left your home country, the first country you visit inspires a massive perspective shift, because you have such a narrow experience base to draw on. But when you've been to twenty countries, the twenty-first adds little.
The same goes for material possessions, money, hobbies, jobs, friends, and romantic partners—all the lame superficial values people choose for themselves. The older you get, the more experienced you get, the less significantly each new experience affects you. The first time I drank at a party was exciting. The hundredth time was fun. The five hundredth time felt like a normal weekend.
Commitment gives you freedom because you're no longer distracted by the unimportant and frivolous. Commitment gives you freedom because it hones your attention and focus, directing them toward what is most efficient at making you healthy and happy. Commitment makes decision-making easier and removes any fear of missing out; knowing that what you already have is good enough, why would you ever stress about chasing more, more, more again? Commitment allows you to focus intently on a few highly important goals and achieve a greater degree of success than you otherwise would.
In this way, the rejection of alternatives liberates us—rejection of what does not align with our most important values, with our chosen metrics, rejection of the constant pursuit of breadth without depth.
Yes, breadth of experience is likely necessary and desirable when you're young—after all, you have to go out there and discover what seems worth investing yourself in. But depth is where the gold is buried. And you have to stay committed to something and go deep to dig it up. That's true in relation.
初赛 英译汉
I was 19 when I decided, with a fervour and fixedness, that I would walk the Australian Alps walking track: the 650km trail that follows the Great Dividing Range from Canberra in the ACT to Walhalla in Victoria. I decided that I would do it alone, I wouldn’t deviate from my timeline or route and I wouldn’t need help – and I would never admit to these decisions being beyond my control.
I started the track in Canberra with a pack almost half my weight, shoes too narrow for my equilateral-triangle-feet and carrying too much food. I didn’t tell many of my friends I was taking off into the bush, actively informing only those directly responsible for monitoring my progress or providing food drops. I didn’t need the external accountability and utterly craved the anonymity.
I was right about my capacity to avoid death, but the resulting journey was far from the careful experience I’d envisioned. Some of the chaos was within my control, but much of it was not.
One morning, a police search party woke me at 2am, summoned by my panicked family who hadn’t heard from me in 24 hours (a GPS device failure). Halfway through the walk, during a rest weekend at a friend’s property, I had an anaphylactic reaction to an ant bite. I slept for weeks, utterly blowing out my timeline. One night, a couple of postie-bikers gifted me a trout. Each time I got lost, I panicked in that unrestrained way one only can when one is alone.
But the walk was also a beautiful stripping back of existence. I watched the sun rise and set over three states, and although I felt every other thing – fear, joy, rage, pride – I never once felt boredom. I liked pushing my body, feeling my muscles firing, going fast. Each walking day began at dawn with coffee and ended at around midday, with one meal halfway between lunch and dinner. Food was for energy only and I didn’t like to risk stopping often due to my ant allergy. I swam and napped and re-read familiar books for comfort. Small tasks (navigation, water collection, toileting, walking) were all-consuming. I didn’t listen to music or podcasts, barely turned on my phone, took only 15 photographs on one roll of film and developed a miraculous ability to lose myself in my own head. There was true joy in the simplicity.
初赛 汉译英
为什么很多年轻人热衷“二手生活”？
①18岁-34岁的年轻人更热衷于二手经济，并不让人奇怪。他们本身是互联网主力人群，生活在互联网环境下，对新事物、新模式和新玩法的接受度更高。而相较于线下的跳蚤市场，在算法的加持下，现在的二手电商平台对用户、商品的识别更精准。更高的匹配效率，让年轻人有更多元、更具性价比的选择。但消费水平更高，购买力更强的年轻人，为什么却还偏爱买二手商品？
②因为一方面，消费水平高，不必然意味着年轻人花钱更随意。反而很多年轻人现在的消费理念是：该省省，该花花，把钱都用在刀刃上。像一些更新换代频率快，或者使用周期并不长，与其花高价买全新的，不如在二手电商上花更低的价钱买次新的商品。
③另一方面，现在的二手经济玩法，早已超越了传统的线下跳蚤市场模式，可以交易，可以置换，也具备了一定的社交属性。另外，在二手交易平台上，不仅有各种闲置的商品，还有五花八门的服务，通过大数据的精准匹配，让买家、卖家实现撮合交易。因此，二手经济受到年轻人的追捧，太正常不过了。
决赛 英译汉
①On 10 January 2022 I thought I was going a bit mad.
②Or maybe, after everything that had happened over the past two years and with the country in the grip of yet another Covid surge, I’d just had enough. If my social media feeds were anything to go by, so had everyone else. Every time I opened Instagram or Twitter I felt caught up in a maelstrom of anger and hopelessness.
③After reading one self-righteous rant too many, I made the snap decision to step away from social media. I didn’t announce it. I just disappeared. I was curious to see what might happen and, more importantly, whether it would help.
④As virtual dust settled on my profiles, I realised this decision had been building for some time. I didn’t know whether social media was the problem or whether I was. All I knew was something had to give.
⑤Within a week, my screen time was down a whopping 81%. And it wasn’t just time I had regained. I felt as though I had my brain back. I had the ability to focus, to think clearly and deeply. I had more energy. I was sleeping better. I felt more creative and confident. My fear of missing out had vanished.
⑥As the weeks passed, I noticed how much more relaxed I was, despite everything going on around me. It felt rebellious, thrilling even, to have vanished into thin air. My Fitbit（智能手表） reported the lowest resting heart rate I’d had in months.
⑦Initially I decided to see if I could make it through a week. Then two. It’s now been 16 months and counting.
⑧Every time I consider returning, the case against it is stronger. I don’t want to go back to feeling anxious, sad, inadequate or in need of external validation every time I pick up my phone. Of course I haven’t stopped feeling those things but there’s been a drastic reduction. I notice those feelings faster and, because they’re not being fed, they don’t linger as they used to.
⑨Stepping away from social media also made me take my work more seriously. Instead of channelling my creativity into captions, it went into my actual writing – my PhD thesis, a novel. Without the ability to tab elsewhere, I stayed in my chair when I hit writer’s blocks and then pushed through them. I wrote more in 2022 than I ever have. I applied for fellowships and entered competitions, and won some. Social media, it seemed, had not been the bolstering place of inspiration I thought.
⑩Trying to keep up with friends has been a bit trickier. Some friendships have flourished during my social media absence. I’m grateful that most happily transferred over to text or email. I’ve even become old-fashioned penpals with several interstate friends.But there are a few whom I considered very good friends whose communication has dropped off, too. This has been the only real downside of the whole experiment.
⑪Social media exploits a primal human need – connection. And it is harder to find when you don’t want to hang out where everyone else is. But now when I open my phone I rarely come away feeling lost. Rather than letting an algorithm dictate my life, I’m living it on my own terms.
决赛 汉译英
搭子社交：让年轻人拥有恰到好处的陪伴
①搭子，原是民间用来搭在肩上的用具。但Z世代年轻人所谓的搭子，是一种新型社交关系：在某一时刻或某一领域有相同爱好或需求的两人或多人，可以规律性地结伴进行一些活动，搭子们总能凭借类似的口味与兴趣组成一个“临时共同体”。他们是这样形容搭子的：浅于朋友，重于同事同学，主打一个垂直细分领域的精准陪伴。
②在事实层面，搭子既满足了人作为社会化动物的社交需求，又极大地提高了社交效率。搭子们需要陪伴，又极力维护边界，获取愉悦，又不想耗费过多精力，搭子式社交少了付出回报的算计、利益得失的考量，以较低的情感投入获得了不俗的情感回报。
③在价值层面，搭子社交提供精神慰藉、对抗情感孤独，同时保持着社交边界感和隐私感，不干涉除了共同爱好以外的私人生活，是轻人际关系中一种“恰到好处的陪伴”。
④“搭子社交”为年轻人提供了一个重回“线下”的方式，一跃成为亲密关系的平替。如今，人们置身于高强度、快节奏、个性化的都市生活图景中，社交距离的把握成为当代年轻人社交生活的艺术。垂直细分领域下的搭子社交，因其松弛自由且精准高效的社交方式俘获广大年轻受众，不仅能够填补陪伴空缺、缓解社交孤独、满足社交需求，更能够重建自我与他人的连接，在真实的陪伴中感受自我、热爱生活。
省赛 英译汉
How to be a good follower
①First, realise that it matters.
②If there is one thing anyone with a job and a pulse needs to learn, it is how to lead. That, at least, is the message from the tsunami of books, courses, videos and podcasts on the topic.Business schools offer all kinds of leadership training. Gurus tell you how to lead without actually being a leader.
③Missing in all this is an inconvenient fact. Most people in the workforce are not leaders and pretty much everyone reports to someone else. The most useful skill to have in your current job may well be how to be a good follower.
④That leaders depend on followers might seem blindingly obvious, but the way that people lower down the ladder interact with those above them gets much less attention than the reverse. A corner of the management literature is devoted to “followership”, but it remains small, for several reasons. The first is that you don’t need any advice to achieve the position of follower; you will never be more of one than on the very first day of your very first job.
⑤The second reason is that, although some people have little desire to be in a position of authority, very few aspire to follow. The word itself conjures up a self-abnegating passivity, more ovine than human, more bleater than leader.
⑥The third reason why the art of following gets little attention is that most subordinates have much less agency than the people above them. There is often no choice in whom you report to: senior people are appointed by even more senior people, not given their positions by acclamation.
⑦If such things explain why leadership hogs the limelight, the behaviour of followers is still crucial. Hierarchies can be more fluid than they sometimes look: as teams form and dissolve, you may be running a project one month and contributing the next. Things generally go better when people at every level are engaged in their work and prepared to take on responsibility.
省赛 汉译英
年轻人存在“社交卡顿”，那又何妨？
①年轻人不会社交、不善社交，侧面也在说明他们不需要社交，或至少是传统意义的社交——在饭桌、酒局之类集体活动的场合，八面玲珑、长袖善舞。
②深入一层想想，这也不是年轻人变了，而是社会变了，社交的社会功能被取代了。想想那些时代剧里的场景，要办个事，就得想办法找人、请客、送礼。但现在的年轻人会如何反应？他们会掏出手机，看看有没有小程序可以网上办理。以往常见的人际规则，逐渐被程序规则所取代。而程序规则是无感情的，也是去人格化的，人们按照标准一步步操作即可。
③所以，年轻人不用社交，而这某种程度上也是社会进步的体现。年轻人酒桌上的豪气干云、收放自如，也不如把代码写得清楚漂亮管用。人们的生活更加依赖于更加透明的规则，而不是灯红酒绿之间的魅影浮动，如此一来哪怕社交变得有些“卡顿”，但社会顺畅了许多。
全国赛 英译汉
THE LESSONS OF NATURE
①Nature is valuable not only for itself; it is also to be revered as the single most persuasive and redemptive work of philosophy.
②Nature corrects our erroneous and ultimately very painful sense that we are essentially free. The idea that we have the freedom to fashion our own destinies as we please has become central to our contemporary world-view: we are encouraged to imagine that we can, with time, create exactly the lives we desire, around our relationships, our work and our existence more generally. This hopeful scenario has been the source of extraordinary, unnecessary suffering.
③There are many things we want desperately to avoid, which we will spend huge parts of our lives worrying about and which we will then bitterly resent when they force themselves upon us nevertheless.
④The idea of inevitability is central to the natural world: the deciduous tree has to shed it leaves when the temperature dips in autumn; the river must erode its banks, the cold front will deposit its rain; the tide has to rise and fall. The laws of nature are governed by forces nobody chose, no one can resist and which brook no exception.
⑤When we contemplate nature (a forest in the autumn for example, or the reproductive cycle of a salmon), we're witnessing rules that in their broad irresistible structure apply to ourselves as well. We too must mature, seek to reproduce, age, fall ill and die. We face a litany of other burdens too: we will never be fully understood by others; we'll always be burdened by primordial anxiety; we'll never fully know what it is like to be someone else; we will invariably fantasise about more than we can ever have; we'll realise we cannot in key ways be who we want to be.
⑥What we most fear will happen irrespective of our wishes. But when we see this frustration as a law of nature, we drain it of some of its sting and bitterness. We recognise that limitations are not in any way unique to us. In awesome, majestic scenes (the life cycle of an elephant; the eruption of volcano), nature moves us away from our habitual tendency to personalise and rail against our suffering.
⑦A central task of culture should be to remind us that the laws of nature apply to us as well as to trees, clouds and cliff faces. Our goal is to get clearer about where our own tantalisingly powerful yet always limited agency stops – and where we will be left with no option but to bow to forces infinitely greater than our own.
全国赛 汉译英
年轻人不上进只上香？
①某种程度上说，年轻人的寺庙游，是对一种新的消费主义叙事的积极拥抱。将他们对寺庙游的热情看作“不上进只上香”，实则是对年轻人以及如今寺庙游的双重误读。
②当然不可否认，年轻人去寺庙，除了拍照打卡，体验不一样的消费场景，其中或也的确兼顾了寻找“树洞”的期待。要知道，在升学、就业等诸多方面，现代年轻人都承受了不小的压力。很多人需要片刻的“宁静”，乃至寻求心灵上的自我按摩，这其实是一种再正常不过的反应。只不过，一部分人选择了看起来更传统，也更“佛系”的进寺庙祈愿求福的方式。
③考试通过也好，事业顺心也罢，很多人去寺庙许下的愿望，都是“世俗”的。与其说这是在逃避，不若说是在寄托一种对更向上，也更积极的生活的期待。
④寺庙作为社会的“缓冲地带”之一，提供了一个短暂逃离焦虑、寻求情绪出口的空间。虔诚许愿祈福的那一刻，可能是现代快节奏生活之下，被各种生活事务和焦虑填满的年轻人，难得可以丢下手机，让人“静下来”的时刻。自不必说，这样即使只是片刻的宁静，也会给那些时刻需要与生活“斗智斗勇”的年轻人增添一丝勇气与笃定。
全国赛 汉译俄/日/西
德国怎么教育民众自觉进行垃圾分类
德国的垃圾循环利用率达65%左右。在垃圾回收利用的整个链条中，两个关键环节起到重要作用：一是如何教育民众自觉进行垃圾分类，二是分类回收的垃圾如何进行专业处理再利用。
自20世纪初，德国就开始实施城市垃圾分类收集。从最初的垃圾不分类，至目前的5类生活垃圾，德国民众接受了很长时间循序渐进的教育过程。
从幼儿园阶段起，孩子就要培养垃圾分类丢弃的习惯。到了小学，垃圾分类是课本内容，学校会系统性教导学生垃圾分类知识、对于保护生态环境的重要性等，从小培养垃圾分类的意识。
在柏林，社区住宅楼有分门别类的垃圾桶。生活垃圾可大致分为5类：有机垃圾、包装垃圾、纸类、玻璃类和混合类垃圾。如果不按照分类丢弃垃圾，垃圾回收企业会拒收桶内垃圾。在后期处理阶段，对于不同类别垃圾，企业会通过不同车队进行分类收集、专项运往不同种类的处理厂处理。
企业专业处理垃圾后，可以将有生产价值的原材料提取出来，向各产业针对性销售。
英译汉省赛
Quite literally overlooked, the story of underground parking has lessons for us all, teaching us to treat our towns and cities better.
This story begins more than 160 years ago during the height of the Industrial Revolution. The depths beneath our cities have long been exploited for visionary infrastructure and the most impressive examples are the underground railways that were built in European cities from a remarkably early point. In this period, new urban neighbourhoods needed to be tied together by cheap mass transport. The problem was that buildings were in the way. Even for the railway companies, it was not feasible to purchase swathes of city blocks and displace residents to build their lines. The only remaining option was to tunnel beneath what was already there.
Solving the problem of land value and demolition, the underground tunnels were also highly logical: the clutter, noise and pollution could be kept out of sight, while the trains themselves didn’t need natural light, unlike offices and houses. The Metropolitan Underground Railway, which later became the London Underground, took the initiative in the 1860s. Then the bold idea rapidly caught on in the later19th century, in Liverpool, Budapest, Paris and beyond.
It would be some decades before the motorcar would shake up transport again, at the turn of the20th century. But the movement to put railways beneath streets provided a clear precedent once cars were popular. The two situations are similar: a vital but ugly piece of infrastructure becomes hungry for space where it is at its most expensive. Underground parking for cars is nearly as old as cars themselves. One of the earliest underground car parks is in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, built in the 1920s. Britain had some pioneering structures too, such as the art deco car park on the Hastings seafront, built between 1925 and 1939.
英译汉全国赛
Uncertainty can cause stress in life, but there’s no way around it
The difference between situations in which the outcome has or has not been determined is critical: after all, when the thing hasn't happened yet, it could still be possible to influence it.
Experiencing uncertainty in this context prompts us to see the situations where we can act to move undecided circumstances in a desired direction. If the boss hasn't decided who to lay off yet, the sense of anticipation might be unpleasant, but it also means you may still be able to act in ways that decrease the likelihood that it is you.
One domain in which uncertainty can increase effort in this way is romantic relationships. For example, in one study, people desiring a romantic relationship with a particular person were asked to think about a time when they were worried their crush wasn't interested in them – inducing uncertainty in this way led these participants to say they'd be more willing to exert effort in the relationship than a comparison group who thought about something less likely to trigger feelings of uncertainty such as what their crush might do on a typical day.
Other research has shown that on days when people in a dating relationship feel more uncertain about their partner's feelings, they tend to post more about their relationship on social media, potentially as a way to invest in the relationship. Similarly, you might find that when you feel less certain about a desired or current relationship, you are more likely to plan a date, buy flowers, or at least post something sweet on social media. In short, uncertainty might be uncomfortable, but it can motivate us to put in the work for a desired outcome that hasn't finished unfolding yet.
The motivational power of uncertainty is so entrenched that in some contexts people tend to prefer undetermined uncertain situations over determined ones, even when there is no way they could affect the outcome. You probably know a sports fan who will only watch ‘the big game’ live – and research confirms that people prefer to watch undetermined events live rather than recorded later.
Imagine guessing the roll of a die. Would you prefer to guess before the die is rolled or after it is rolled (but before the result is revealed)? Most people prefer to guess before the die is rolled. This is because outcomes that are not yet determined may feel like they can still be influenced, even if this feeling is often irrational.
汉译英省赛/汉译日（俄、西）全国赛
AI时代，该怎样看待学习？
人工智能来势汹汹，一些年轻人在网上发问，“学什么最有用”“刷题还有意义吗”……面对人工智能这一似乎没有能力边界的新事物，部分年轻人难免有本领恐慌和危机感。
有了AI“加持”，努力学习就没有意义了吗？其实不然。“你是什么水平，AI就是什么水平。”现阶段AI大模型主要通过用户提供的“提示词”来生成回答。提示词越详细、准确，答案就越充分。如果提示词大而化之、模棱两可，提供给AI的有用信息有限，回答也就相应地简单甚至敷衍。
提示词本身就是知识。想要AI生成高质量的内容，离不开输入高质量的提示词，这就对使用者自身的知识水平提出了要求。如果知识欠缺，AI也难以有效发挥作用。更何况，现阶段的人工智能技术并不完善，AI输出的信息，仍需人们辨别使用。如果缺乏独立思考能力、综合判断能力是难以辨别真伪的。从这个意义上说，要想AI为我所用，就要不断学习，进一步提高知识水平和综合能力。
汉译英全国赛
新质生产力已成中国经济核心引擎
近年来，中国经济增长获得一个关键因素的助力，那就是新质生产力。新质生产力对中国经济结构优化和总量支撑方面的影响力越来越大。中国第二、三产业的核心驱动力都来自新质生产力。中国企业正在响应号召推动新质生产力加快发展，以技术改造和数字转型等方式提升企业竞争力。
当前的中国经济，质比量更重要。新质生产力已经成为中国经济发展的核心引擎，未来，经济发展也要牢牢地围绕新质生产力。应对长期经济挑战，比如人口结构挑战、经济产业结构挑战、企业竞争挑战等方面，发展新质生产力才是解决中国各类发展问题的核心路径。值得关注的一点是，新质生产力的发展和政策制定之间并无冲突，比如当前我国拉动内需的政策主要是支持设备更新和以旧换新。其中，设备更新本身就是从供给端激励企业发展新质生产力，通过支持新旧设备迭代来鼓励企业实现技术升级。以旧换新也是助力新质生产力的具体实践，如新能源车对燃油车的替代，如智能、高能效家电对旧家电的替代。
总之，政策、企业一起围绕新质生产力集中发力，新质生产力必将为未来中国经济产业发展保驾护航，为中国企业缔造核心竞争力，推动中国制造向“中国智造”和“中国创造”转变。
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