第二句：长期以来，农历在农业生产和人们日常生活中发挥着重要作用。
译文一
It has played a crucial role in agricultural production and people's daily lives for a long time.
思路：“长期以来” 表明该句描述的是从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作，故时态用现在完成时。
主语 “农历” 在前一句已提及，为避免重复，此处可用 it 指代。
译文二
Throughout history, the lunar calendar has been serving a vital function in both agricultural production and people's daily lives.
译文三
Over a long period of time, the lunar calendar has been instrumental in guiding agricultural production and structuring people's daily routines.
注：这句话的核心是“长期以来”和“发挥重要作用”的组合。
1、时间状语 “长期以来”：for a long time /over a long period of time /throughout history
2、核心动词 “发挥着重要作用”：play an important(significant) role in… /serve a vital function in… /serve as an essential tool/be instrumental in…/be crucial to......
