1. 冬至
Winter Solstice, a traditional Chinese festival with a history of over 2,500 years, is celebrated across the country. It is said that it was first 1. ________ (discover) during the Spring and Autumn Period 2. ________ people used sundials to observe the sun.
The date of Winter Solstice 3. ________ (vary) each year but always falls between December 21 and 23. On this day, people in northern China usually eat dumplings, while those in the south enjoy tangyuan, 4. ________ is made of glutinous rice flour. These foods not only keep people warm in cold weather 5. ________ also carry good wishes.
Family reunion is 6. ________ important part of the festival. People often go back home 7. ________ (spend) time with their loved ones. After Winter Solstice, the yang energy rises 8. ________ (gradual), and people look forward to the 9. ________ (come) of spring. It is a special festival full of love and ______(warm).
解析:
1. discovered 本题考查一般过去时的被动语态。一般过去时被动语态的基本结构为be动词的过去式(was或were)+过去分词。discover的过去分词为discovered,所以第一空应填discovered。句子的大以为它(冬至)在春秋时期被发现。
2. when 本题查考定语从句关系副词的用法。先行词the Spring and Autumn Period表示时间,定语从句________ people used sundials to observe the sun.不缺主语和宾语,缺时间状语所以空白处应填写表示时间状语的引导词,所以此空最佳答案为when。
3. varies 本题考查一般现在时和主谓一致。主语The date of Winter Solstice的核心是the date,第三人称单数,时间状语each year表明用一般现在时,but后面的部分也用了一般现在时,并且动词也采用了第三人称单数形式:but always falls between December 21 and 23. 动词vary是辅音字母r+y结尾的,改成三单形式是y要变成i,再加es.所以这一空填varies.
4. which, 本题考查非限制性定语从句,非限制性定语从句先行词与从句之间有逗号隔开,不能用that来引导,一般有who,whose,which,that,where等词来引导。这个句子的主句的先行词tangyuan是物,用逗号隔开,所以这里用指代事物的关系词which。
5. but 本题考查并列连词固定搭配。固定搭配not only... but also...表示“不仅…… 而且……”,所以这里直接填but。not only…but also..在使用时要注意not only后面部分的词汇或短语、句子与but also后面部分词性和结构要一致,例如:He likes not only football but also volleyball. 这个句子中not only football but also volleyball整个短语是likes的宾语,football和volleyball均为球类名词。not only A but also B整体作为句子主语时,谓语动词要遵循“就近原则”,也就是要考B这个单词,例如:Not only you but also he has finished the task on time. not only 放在句首时,其所在分局要倒装,but also 部分不倒装,例如:Not only can he swim, but also he can dance. not only…but also句型在使用时,but 后面的also可以省略;not only…but also不能和though/although连用。
6. an 本题考查不定冠词,________ important part of the festival这个短语important修饰part,介词of表示从属关系,整个短语的意思是节日的重要组成部分,核心为part。part是可数名词,且important以元音音素开头,所以这一空填写an.
7. to spend 本题考查动词不定式作目的状语。句子的含义是“回家来陪伴亲人”,陪伴是回家的目的,所以这里用动词不定式to spend。“spend+时间+with+人”结构表示和某人共度时光;另外,“spend+时间+地点”表示在某个地方度过了一段时光,例如,spend his life in the countryside在乡下度过他的一生。
8. gradually 本题考查形容词变副词修饰动词。After Winter Solstice, the yang energy rises 8. ______ (gradual)这部分的含义为冬至之后,阳气逐渐上升,需要我们填写的部分是修饰动词rises的副词,gradual是一个形容词,在词尾加ly改成副词,所以本题填写gradually。gradually和graduate外观相似,后者是“毕业”的意思,注意区分。
9. coming 本题考查动动词变成动名词。people look forward to the 9. ________ (come) of spring表示人们期待春天的来临,这个分句中的to是一个介词,后面跟名词性短语,定冠词the后跟名词,所以这一空需要将动词come改写成动名词coming,the coming of spring表示“春天的到来”。动词变成动名词的规则包括:一般地,在词尾直接加ing;以不发音的e结尾的动词,去掉不发音的e,再加ing,如come-coming;dance-dancing;重读闭音节的结尾的,双写最后一个字母,再加ing,例如:swim-swimming;run-running。
10. a本题考查形容词变名词。It is a special festival full of love and ______(warm). 句子的含义为:它是一个充满爱和温暖的特别的节日。句子中and表示love和需要填的词的并列关系。这里的love是一个名词,所以我们需要把形容词warm转换成名词warmth。在构词法中,有些形容词转换成名词时,是在词尾加th, 有些词汇加th时需要对原来单词中部分字母进行变更,除了warm-warmth外,常见的还有:long-length长度;wide-width宽度;deep-depth深度;strong-strength力量,强度;true-truth真相,真理;等等。
【补充】本篇出现的其他词汇或短语还有:is celebrated被庆祝;across the country全国范围;during在…期间;observe观察;is made of由…制成。
2. 重阳节
In China, there is a special day for elderly people — the Double Ninth Festival. The festival is on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month. As the Chinese word for nine has 1. ______ same sound as the word for long, people take the Double Ninth Festival to show their 2. ______ (wish) of long life for elderly people.
There are many traditions for this festival. On that day, families get together and climb mountains for good luck and in the hope that elderly people will be much 3. ______ (happy) and live longer. They also drink chrysanthemum wine and wear a plant 4. ______ is called zhuyu. Chrysanthemum wine has great medicalvalues and it’s popular 5. ______ many people. Zhuyu is 6. ______ (regard) as a kind of clean plant that can clean houses and cure diseases.
Respecting elderly people is shown not only on this special day 7. ______ also in daily life. For example, when an elderly person enters a room, everyone stands up and greets him or her 8. ______ (polite). When there are several guests at the table, the host usually introduces 9. ______ (they) from the oldest to the youngest.
Respecting elderly people is a traditional virtue in China, and Chinese people are 10. ______ (pride) of it.
解析:
1. the 本题考查定冠词the的用法。句子的含义为“因为中文里‘九’和‘久’发音相同,人们借重阳节表达对老年人长寿的祝愿”。空格后same为形容词,意为“相同的”,其前必须加定冠词the,构成固定搭配“the same as”,表示“与……相同”。the same as 可用于两者对比,强调“两者一致”,如“She has the same bag as mine.(她有一个和我一样的包)”;其否定形式为“not the same as”,也可表达为“different from”。表示“与…相似”我们可以用be similar to。
2. wishes 本题考查名词的单复数。句子的含义为“人们借重阳节表达对老年人长寿的祝愿”。wish此处为可数名词,意为“祝愿、愿望”,结合语境,人们对老年人的祝愿不止一种,而是多种美好的期许,因此需用复数形式wishes。wish的用法的常见考点:①可数名词时,表“具体的愿望、祝愿”,复数为wishes,常用搭配“best wishes(最美好的祝愿)”;②表“希望、渴望”,如“have a wish to do sth.(渴望做某事)”;3. 动词用法,“wish sb. sth.(祝愿某人某事)”,如“wish you good health(祝你身体健康)”。
3. happier本题考查形容词的比较级。句意为“在那一天,家人们聚在一起爬山求好运,希望老年人能更快乐、更长寿”。空格前有much,much常用来修饰形容词或副词的比较级,表“……得多”,空格后面“and live longer”采用了比较级,也是本题采用比较级的一个信号;结合语境,此处是将重阳节这天的状态与平时对比,希望老年人比平时更快乐,因此需用happy的比较级happier。happy的比较级变化属于规则变化,以“y”结尾且前面是辅音字母(h是辅音字母),需变y为i再加er,即happier;最高级为happiest。类似变化的形容词还有easy→easier、busy→busier。much不可修饰形容词原级,若表“很快乐”,需用very happy,而非much happy。
4. that/which本题考查定语从句的关系代词。句意为“他们也喝菊花酒,佩戴一种叫做茱萸的植物”。空格后“is called zhuyu”是定语从句,修饰先行词a plant(指物),定语从句中缺少主语,因此需用关系代词that或which引导定语从句,指代先行词a plant,在从句中作主语。定语从句中,关系代词that和which的区别:1. 两者均可指代物,在从句中作主语、宾语;2. 当先行词为不定代词(如something、anything)、序数词、最高级修饰的词时,只能用that,不能用which;3. 本题中先行词是a plant(普通可数名词),因此that和which均可。此外,若从句中缺少宾语,关系代词可省略,如“This is the book (that/which) I bought yesterday.”。
5. among 本题考查介词的用法。句意为“菊花酒有很高的药用价值,在很多人当中很受欢迎”。空格后“many people”表示“很多人”,是三者或三者以上的群体,among用于三者或三者以上的“在……之中”,符合语境;若此处是两者之间,则用between。among和between的核心区别主要有:among 接三者及以上的人或物,表“在……之中(整体内部)”,如“She is popular among her classmates.(她在同学中很受欢迎)”;between 接两者,表“在……之间”,可用于“between A and B”,如“between you and me(你我之间)”。popular的常用搭配是“be popular with/among sb.(受某人欢迎)”,两者可互换,此处用with也可得分。
6. regarded 本题考查被动语态。句子含义为“茱萸被认为是一种清洁的植物,能清洁房屋、治疗疾病”。主语Zhuyu(茱萸)与谓语动词regard(认为)之间是被动关系,即“茱萸被人们认为”,因此需用被动语态,结构为“be + 过去分词”。空格前有is,因此填regard的过去分词regarded。被动语态的基本用法:当句子的主语是动作的承受者时,用被动语态,常见结构“am/is/are + 过去分词(一般现在时)”“was/were + 过去分词(一般过去时)”。本题中陈述的是客观事实,用一般现在时的被动语态。regard的常用搭配“be regarded as”,意为“被认为是……”,如“He is regarded as a good teacher.(他被认为是一位好老师)”。
7. but 本题考查固定搭配“not only...but also...”。句子含义为“尊重老年人不仅体现在这个特殊的日子,也体现在日常生活中”。“not only...but also...”是固定连词短语,意为“不仅……而且……”,连接两个并列的成分(此处连接两个介词短语“on this special day”和“in daily life”),符合语境。“not only...but also...”的用法注意事项:连接两个主语时,谓语动词的单复数遵循“就近原则”,即与靠近谓语的主语保持一致,如“Not only he but also I ama student.(不仅他,我也是一名学生)”;若not only置于句首,其后的句子需用部分倒装,如“Not only does he study hard, but also he is helpful.(他不仅学习努力,而且乐于助人)”。8. politely 本题考查副词的用法。句意为“例如,当老年人进入房间时,每个人都会站起来,礼貌地问候他/她”。空格处修饰动词greet(问候),修饰动词需用副词,polite是形容词,其副词形式为politely,意为“礼貌地”。形容词变副词的常见规则:①一般情况下直接加ly,如polite→politely、quick→quickly;②以“y”结尾的形容词,变y为i再加ly,如happy→happily、angry→angrily;③以e结尾的形容词,直接加ly,如nice→nicely、late→lately。
9. them 本题考查人称代词的宾格形式。句意为“当餐桌上有几位客人时,主人通常会从最年长的到最年轻的介绍他们”。空格处作动词introduces(介绍)的宾语,需用人称代词的宾格形式;they是主格,其宾格为them,指代前文的several guests(几位客人)。人称代词的主格与宾格用法区别:主格(I、you、he、she、it、we、they)用于作句子的主语,位于动词前;宾格(me、you、him、her、it、us、them)用于作句子的宾语,位于动词或介词后。如“We(主格) like them(宾格).(我们喜欢他们)”“Give it(宾格) to me(宾格).(把它给我)”。
10. proud 本题考查固定搭配和词性转换。句意为“尊重老年人是中国的传统美德,中国人为此感到自豪”。空格前有be动词are,需填形容词作表语;pride是名词,意为“自豪”,其形容词形式为proud,构成固定搭配“be proud of”,意为“为……感到自豪”。pride和proud的区别与搭配: pride 是不可数名词,常用搭配“take pride in”,意为“为……感到自豪”,如“He takes pride in his son.(他为他的儿子感到自豪)”;proud 是形容词,常用搭配“be proud of”,用法与“take pride in”一致,可互换,如“He is proud of his son.”。此外,proud的副词形式为proudly,意为“自豪地”,如“She smiled proudly.(她自豪地笑了)”。
【拓展】本篇出现的一些其他词汇或短语:get together团聚;in the hope that怀着…的希望,指望;Chrysanthemum wine菊花酒;value价值;cure diseases治愈疾病;virtue美德。
3. 立春
Start of Spring marks the 1. ______ (begin) of spring in China. It is the first of the 24 solar terms, and it usually falls on February 3, 4 or 5 every year.
To Chinese people, spring stands for energy and life, so this day is considered as 2. ______ important beginning of the whole year. On this special day, people have many interesting traditions. In many places, people eat spring pancakes and spring rolls 3. ______ (show) their love for spring. These foods are not only delicious 4. ______ also full of good meanings.
People love to go 5. ______ (outdoor) to enjoy the beautiful scenery. The weather becomes 6. ______ (warm) than before, trees turn green and flowers start to bloom. Children can’t wait 7. ______ (fly) kites in the gentle wind.
Start of Spring is a special festival 8. ______ carries best wishes for the new year. People hope for good weather and 9. ______ (succeed) in work and study. It is not just a day about the change of seasons, but also a cultural treasure that 10. ______ (pass) from generation to generation.
解析:
1. beginning 本题考查词性转换。句意为 “立春标志着中国春天的开始”。空格前有定冠词 the,空格后有介词 of,冠词与介词之间通常使用名词。begin 是动词,意为 “开始”,其名词形式为 beginning,构成固定搭配 the beginning of,表示 “…… 的开始”。the beginning of 是一个高频短语,可用于时间、事物、阶段等语境,如 the beginning of a new year(新年的开始)。类似动词变动词加 ing 构成名词的还有 mean—meaning,train—training 等。
2. an本题考查不定冠词的用法。句意为 “对中国人来说,春天代表活力与生命,因此这一天被看作是全年一个重要的开端”。空格后是形容词 important 修饰的单数可数名词 beginning,important 以元音音素 /ɪ/ 开头,表示 “一个” 时,必须用不定冠词 an。a 用于辅音音素开头的单词前,an 用于元音音素开头的单词前,注意不是看字母而是看发音。如 an honest boy,a university。
3. to show 本题考查非谓语动词中的动词不定式。句意为 “在很多地方,人们吃春饼和春卷来表达他们对春天的热爱”。此处表示吃这些食物的目的,英语中表达目的常用不定式 to do 结构,意为 “为了做某事”,因此填 to show。
4. but 本题考查固定并列连词结构 not only...but also...。句意为 “这些食物不仅美味,而且充满美好的寓意”。not only...but also... 为固定搭配,表示 “不仅…… 而且……”,连接两个并列的形容词 delicious 和 full of good meanings。
5. outdoors 本题考查副词用法与固定搭配。句意为 “人们喜欢到户外去欣赏美丽的风景”。go outdoors 是固定搭配,表示“去户外、外出”,outdoors 为副词,意为“在户外”。
outdoor 是形容词,意为“户外的”,如 outdoor activities(户外活动);outdoors是副词,在句中作状语,我们要注意两者的区别。
6. warmer 本题考查形容词比较级。句意为 “天气变得比以前更暖和了”。空格后出现标志词 than,表示两者比较,形容词 warm 需用比较级形式 warmer。much、even、a little 等词也常修饰比较级加强语气。
7.to fly 本题考查固定句型 can’t wait to do sth.。句意为 “孩子们迫不及待地在微风中放风筝”。can’t wait to do sth. 是固定结构,意为 “迫不及待做某事”,to 后接动词原形,因此填 to fly。类似接不定式作宾语的动词有 want、hope、decide、plan、refuse 等,只能接 to do,不能直接接 doing。
8. that /which本题考查定语从句关系代词。句意为 “立春是一个承载着新年美好祝愿的特殊节日”。先行词是 festival,表示事物,空格后从句缺少主语,因此用关系代词 that 或 which 引导定语从句,在从句中作主语,指代先行词。先行词指物且在从句中作主语或宾语时,that 和 which 通常可互换。先行词被序数词、最高级、不定代词修饰时只能用 that。
9. success 本题考查词性转换。句意为 “人们期盼好天气,以及在工作和学习上取得成功”。空格前有并列连词 and,与前面的 good weather 并列作 hope for 的宾语,需要名词。succeed 是动词,其名词形式为 success,表示 “成功”,为不可数名词。success的形容词形式为successful,副词形式为successfully。
10. is passed 本题考查被动语态。句意为 “它不仅是关于季节变化的一天,更是一代一代传承下来的文化瑰宝”。that 指代先行词 a cultural treasure,与动词 pass(传递)之间是被动关系 “被传承”,因此用一般现在时被动语态 is passed。被动语态结构:be + 过去分词。一般现在时被动:am/is/are done;一般过去时被动:was/were done。常考短语 pass down(传承)= be passed from...to...。
【拓展】本篇出现的其他词汇或短语:fall on落在;stand for代表;is considered as被认为是;pancake煎饼;spring roll春卷;bloom盛开;from generation to generation一代一代地。
4. 端午节
The Dragon Boat Festival is one of 1. ______ most important traditional festivals in China. It is celebrated on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month every year.
It is a day to remember Qu Yuan 2. ______ was a great ancient Chinese poet. He loved his country very much. When his country was in danger, he tried 3. ______ (help) it, but he failed. He was so sad that he 4. ______ (jump) into the Miluo River.
People admired him a lot. They decided 5. ______ (protect) him from fish. So they beat drums and rowed boats 6. ______ (quick) on the river. They also threw rice dumplings 7. ______ (call) zongzi into the water.
Today, people still keep these 8. ______ (tradition). On that day, families enjoy 9. ______ (eat) zongzi and watch dragon boat races. The festival tells us 10. ______ we should love our country and respect great people.
解析:
1.the 本题考查定冠词 the 的用法。句意为 “端午节是中国最重要的传统节日之一”。空格后 most important 是形容词最高级,形容词最高级前面必须加定冠词 the,所以第一空应填the。one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数,表示 “最…… 之一”,是考试常见的结构,例如:Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China. 注意最高级前一般都要加 the,但如果形容词前已经有形容词性物主代词,则不要再加the,例如:She alwasy treated the little boy as one of her best friends。句子中best前已经有了形容词性物主代词,就不再加the。
2 . who本题考查定语从句关系代词。句意为 “这是纪念屈原的日子,他是中国古代一位伟大的诗人”。先行词 Qu Yuan 指人,空格后的从句缺少主语,因此要用关系代词 who 引导定语从句,在从句中作主语,指代人。定语从句中,先行词指人且作主语时用 who 或 that;作宾语时用 whom、who 或 that,且可以省略。本题先行词是人且在从句中作主语,只能用 who 或 that,who 更常用。
3. to help本题考查非谓语动词。句意为 “当他的国家处于危险中时,他尽力去帮助它”。动词 try 后面接不定式 to do sth.,构成固定搭配 try to do sth.,表示 “尽力做某事”,因此填 to help。try to do sth. 尽力做某事;try doing sth. 试着做某事。
4. jumped本题考查动词时态。句意为 “他如此伤心,以至于跳进了汨罗江”。本段讲述屈原的历史故事,属于过去发生的事情,全文都用一般过去时,因此动词 jump 要用过去式 jumped。
5.to protect本题考查非谓语动词。句意为 “人们决定保护他不被鱼伤害”。动词 decide 后面只能接不定式 to do sth.,构成固定搭配 decide to do sth.,表示 “决定做某事”,因此填 to protect。protect…from表示“某人/某物免受…的伤害”。decide、want、hope、plan、refuse、promise 等词后面一般只能接 to do,不能接 doing。
6. quickly本题考查副词用法。句意为 “于是他们敲鼓,在河上快速划船”。空格处修饰动词 rowed,修饰动词必须用副词,quick 是形容词,副词形式为 quickly。形容词变副词规则:一般直接加 ly,如 quick—quickly、slow—slowly。以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾的变 y 为 i 加 ly,如 happy—happily。
7. called 本题考查非谓语动词(过去分词作定语)。句意为 “他们还把叫做粽子的米团扔进水里”。rice dumplings 与 call 之间是被动关系,表示 “被叫做”,因此用过去分词 called 作后置定语。过去分词作定语表示被动和完成,a book called Lu Xun 一本被叫做鲁迅的书。现在分词 doing 表示主动,过去分词 done 表示被动。
8. traditions本题考查名词复数。句意为 “今天,人们仍然保留这些传统”。空格前有 these,these 后面必须接可数名词复数,tradition 是可数名词,复数为 traditions。these/those/both/many/several 等词后面一般都接名词复数。
9.eating 本题考查非谓语动词。句意为 “在那天,家人们喜欢吃粽子,看龙舟比赛”。动词 enjoy 后面只能接动名词 doing 作宾语,不能接不定式,因此 eat 变为 eating。enjoy、finish、practice、mind、keep、avoid等动词后面只能接动名词,不接动词不定式
10 .that本题考查宾语从句引导词。句意为 “这个节日告诉我们,我们应该热爱祖国,尊敬伟人”。空格后面是一个完整的陈述句,作 tells 的宾语,因此用 that 引导宾语从句,that 在从句中不作成分,可以省略。宾语从句三要素:引导词、语序、时态。陈述句用 that,一般疑问句转化过来的宾语从句用 if/whether引导,特殊疑问句转换过来的宾语从句用原来的特殊疑问词来引导。
【拓展】本篇出现的其他词汇或短语:lunar月亮的,月球灯,阴历的;ancient古代的,形近词,ancestor祖先;in danger处于危险中;admire崇拜,敬仰。
5. 中秋节
The Mid-Autumn Festival, one of China’s most 1. ______ (cherish) traditional festivals, falls on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month. When celebrating it, people not only express their deep longing for their hometowns and loved ones, but also pray fora bountiful harvest and happiness. Today, it has evolved 2. ______ a rich and invaluable cultural heritage.
During the festival, families gather toadmire the bright full moon and savor 3. ______ (taste) mooncakes, 4. ______ come in many flavors. In some regions, people also appreciateosmanthus flowers and drink osmanthus wine, immersing 5. ______ (they) in the festive atmosphere. Moreover, 6.______ (exchange) mooncakes with relatives and friends is also a common practice 7. ______ (convey) warm holiday greetings.
The Mid-Autumn Festival is not merely a time to celebrate the harvest and enjoy the moonlight, but also 8. ______ (embody) the Chinese people’s emphasison family reunion and the 9. ______ (preserve) of traditional customs. No matter how times change, it remains a warm festival in people’s hearts, providing 10. ______ sense of belonging.
解析:
1. cherished本题考查词性转换(过去分词作形容词)。句意为 “中秋节是中国最受珍视的传统节日之一”。空格前有 most,后面是名词 festivals,需要形容词修饰。cherish 是动词,意为 “珍视、珍爱”,其形容词形式为 cherished,表示 “被珍视的、珍贵的”,most cherished 构成最高级。现在分词和过去分词都是中考中典型的非谓语动词形式,现在分词
2. into本题考查固定搭配。句意为 “如今,它已经发展成为丰富而宝贵的文化遗产”。动词 evolve 常与介词 into 搭配,构成evolve into,表示 “发展成为、演变成”。
表示 “变成” 的短语还有 turn into、change into、develop into,均表示从一种状态转变为另一种状态,我们不妨可以联系起来记忆。
3. tasty 本题考查词性转换。句意为 “节日期间,家人团聚赏月,品尝美味的月饼”。空格后是名词 mooncakes,需要用形容词修饰。taste 可作动词或名词,意为 “品尝、味道”,其形容词形式为 tasty,表示 “美味的、可口的”。
4. which 本题考查非限制性定语从句。句意为 “月饼有很多口味”。先行词是mooncakes(指物),空格前有逗号,为非限制性定语从句,从句缺少主语,只能用关系代词 which 引导,不能用 that,也不能省略。非限制性定语从句只用 which 不用 that,作用是解释、补充说明信息,去掉后主句意思依然完整。如 The book, which I bought yesterday, is very interesting.
5.themselves本题考查反身代词。句意为 “在一些地区,人们赏桂花、喝桂花酒,沉浸在节日的氛围中”。固定搭配immerse oneself in表示 “使自己沉浸于……”,主语是 people,对应的反身代词为 themselves。反身代词构成的常见短语还有:enjoy oneself(玩得开心)、help oneself to(随便吃 / 用)、lose oneself in(沉浸于),等等。
6. exchanging解析:本题考查非谓语动词(动名词作主语)。句意为 “此外,和亲友互赠月饼也是传达节日问候的常见做法”。 ______ (exchange) mooncakes with relatives and friends在句中作主语,与is also a common practic…构成主语+系动词+表语结构,所以is前面整个短语都是句子的主语,动词作主语需用动名词形式,因此exchange 变为 exchanging。动名词作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数,如Reading is good for us. 不定式也可作主语,但表示具体某一次动作;动名词多表示习惯性、一般性动作。
7. to convey本题考查非谓语动词(不定式作定语)。句意为 “互赠月饼是传达温暖节日问候的常见做法”。此处用不定式 to convey 作后置定语,修饰 practice,表示 “用来…… 的做法”,表目的与用途。不定式作定语常放在抽象名词后,如 way to do sth.(做某事的方法)、ability to do sth.(做某事的能力)、chance to do sth.(做某事的机会)。
8. embodies 本题考查主谓一致与时态。句意为 “中秋节不仅是庆祝丰收、赏月的时刻,也体现了中国人对家庭团圆的重视”。本句为一般现在时,主语 The Mid-Autumn Festival 是单数,因此谓语动词 embody 用第三人称单数形式embodies。一般现在时第三人称单数变化规则:一般直接加 s,以 s/x/ch/sh/o 结尾加 es,以辅音字母 + y 结尾变 y 为 i 加 es。
9. preservation 本题考查词性转换。句意为 “中秋节也体现了中国人对家庭团圆和传统习俗传承的重视”。空格前有定冠词 the,后面有介词 of,需要填名词。preserve 是动词,意为 “保存、保护”,其名词形式为 preservation,表示 “保存、保护”。动词变名词常见后缀有:-tion(inform → information)、-ment(develop → development)、-sion(decide → decision)。
10. a本题考查不定冠词。句意为 “无论时代如何变迁,它始终是人们心中温暖的节日,提供一种归属感”。固定搭配a sense of belonging表示 “一种归属感”,sense 是可数名词,且以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词 a。a sense of同类短语还有:a sense of humor(幽默感)、a sense of duty(责任感)、a sense of direction(方向感),等等。
【拓展】本篇出现的其他词汇或短语:express their deep longing for表达他们对…深深的渴望;pray for祈祷;a bountiful harvest and happiness丰收与幸福,bountiful是“大量的,慷慨的,丰盛的”的意思;invaluable无价的;cultural heritage文化遗产;savor品尝;flavor风味;region区域、地区;appreciate欣赏;osmanthus flower桂花;osmanthus wine桂酒;atmosphere大气,氛围;practice实践,做法;merely仅仅;emphasison强调,重点;reunion团聚。