中考英语文章精讲单词短语和语法
中考句子精讲
1.I was nervous when I stood up to compete for the lead role in the English play.
当我站起来角逐这部英语剧的主角时，我很紧张。
nervous adj. 紧张的
固定搭配：feel/be nervous about sth.对某事感到紧张
I feel nervous about speaking English in public.
我在公共场合说英语感到紧张。
Many students feel nervous about the coming final exam.
很多学生对即将到来的期末考试感到紧张。
Compete for.... 为…… 竞争、角逐、争夺
compete for + 奖品 / 职位 / 荣誉 / 机会 等名词
Many students compete for the first prize in the English competition.
许多学生为英语竞赛的一等奖而角逐。
They will compete for the lead role in the school play.
他们将争夺校园剧的主角。
She wants to compete for the monitor in our class.
她想竞选我们班的班长。
Play戏剧 话剧 English play 英语戏剧
Play 动词的用法
接球类 / 棋类 / 牌类名词（不加冠词 the）
结构：play + 运动 / 棋牌项目
play basketball 打篮球
play football 踢足球
play chess 下国际象棋
play cards 打牌
接乐器名词（必须加冠词 the）
结构：play + the + 乐器
play the piano 弹钢琴
play the guitar 弹吉他
play the violin 拉小提琴
表示“玩耍、嬉戏”
play with fire 玩火
play with toys 玩玩具
The kids are playing in the park.
孩子们在公园里玩耍。
模仿写例句：
1.1
当我起身去争夺歌唱比赛一等奖的时候，我感到很兴奋。
I was excited when I got up to compete for the first prize in the singing competition.
1.2 She felt nervous when she stood on the stage.
当她站在舞台上时，她感到紧张。
2.After finishing reading my lines, I rushed back to my seat.
读完我的台词后，我冲回了我的座位。
After+动词ing:在..之后
介词后一律接动名词（v-ing），
同类高频介词：before/without/by + doing
finish doing sth.
中考高频只接动名词作宾语的动词：
finish/practice/mind/keep/enjoy/avoid + doing sth.
中考适配例句（贴合课文 / 校园话题）
I finished reading my lines before the play.
我在演出前读完了台词。
She finished doing her homework at 9 last night.
她昨晚九点做完了作业。
line：台词；行；线路
中考搭配：
learn lines 背台词
read lines 读台词
wait in line 排队
模仿例句造句：
1.1After finishing doing my homework,
I rushed back to my bedroom.
做完作业后，我冲回了我的卧室。
1.2After finishing cleaning the classroom,
I rushed back to the playground.
打扫完教室后，我冲回了操场。
3.My heart beat fast and I felt both excited and scared.
我的心跳得很快，我既兴奋又害怕。
beat 不规则动词变形
原形→ 过去式 → 过去分词：
beat → beat → beaten
both...and... 并列结构
含义：既…… 又……
用法：连接词性相同的词（本句连接两个形容词 excited /scared）
中考常考：
Both A and B + 复数谓语
Both he and I are students.
either…or… 表示或者…… 或者……；
要么…… 要么……
either…or… 连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数和靠近它的主语保持一致
Either I or my parents clean the room.
Either my parents or I am going to the park.
Either he or his sisters like math.
neither…nor… 表示既不…… 也不……
Neither + 主语A + nor + 主语B + 谓语(随主语B变)
Neither he nor I am a student.
Neither my parents nor my brother likes apples.
Neither the teacher nor the students know the answer.
易混词辨析（中考高频）
excited（感到兴奋的）：修饰人
exciting（令人兴奋的）：修饰事 / 物
scared（感到害怕的）：修饰人
scary（令人害怕的）：修饰事 / 物
-ed 形容词：主语通常是人，表示 **(人) 感到…… 的
-ing 形容词：主语通常是物 / 事，表示 (事物) 令人…… 的
（常考词：excited/exciting,
interested/interesting,
surprised/surprising,
bored/boring,
relaxed/relaxing, tired/tiring, scared/scary）
模仿造句：
My heart beat fast and I felt both nervous and proud.
我的心跳加速，我既紧张又自豪。
Her heart beat fast and she felt both happy and moved.
她心跳加速，既开心又感动。
His heart beat fast and he felt both surprised and worried.
他心跳加速，既惊讶又担忧。
My heart beat fast and I felt both nervous and proud.
我的心跳加速，既紧张又自豪。
My heart beat fast and I felt both happy and thankful.
我的心跳加速，既开心又感激。
My heart beat fast and I felt both worried and hopeful.
我的心跳加速，既担忧又满怀希望。
4.I was dying to do my best and practiced every day.
我迫切想要尽全力表现，并且每天都练习。
be dying to do sth.（中考高频加分短语）
含义：渴望 / 极想做某事 = want to do sth. very much
do one's best：尽某人最大努力
同结构中考仿写句
I was dying to win the game and practiced basketball every day.
我极想赢得比赛，每天都练习篮球。
She was dying to pass the test and reviewed her lessons every night.
她迫切想通过考试，每晚都复习功课。
5.Then I started to have scary dreams about forgetting my lines on stage.
后来，我开始做噩梦，梦见自己在舞台上忘词了。
start to do sth. 不定式作宾语
结构：start + to do sth.（开始做某事）
中考补充：start doing sth. 二者常可互换
scary adj. 吓人的、可怕的
修饰事物 / 场景，
scared adj. 感到害怕的（修饰人）
Forget 忘记
原形：forget
过去式：forgot
过去分词：forgotten
中考高频搭配（易错题）
forget to do sth.
忘记要去做某事（事情没做）
例：I forgot to bring my homework.
我忘了带作业（没带）
forget doing sth.
忘记做过某事（事情已做，不记得了）
例：I forgot telling him the news.
我忘了告诉过他这个消息（说过但忘了）。
on stage 在舞台上
零冠词固定搭配，不加 the
仿写句子
I started to have happy dreams about winning the game.
我开始做赢得比赛的美梦。
She started to worry about making mistakes in class.
她开始担心在课堂上犯错。
6.Finally, I told the teacher to let someone else take my role.
最后，我告诉老师让别人来接替我的角色。
tell 的固定句型：tell sb. to do sth.（告诉某人做某事）
否定结构：tell sb. not to do sth.（告诉某人不要做某事）
类似的动词还有：
ask sb. (not) to do sth. 要求 / 请求某人 (不) 做某事
allow sb. (not) to do sth. 允许某人 (不) 做某事
advise sb. (not) to do sth. 建议某人 (不) 做某事
teach sb. (not) to do sth. 教某人 (不) 做某事
let 的固定句型：let sb. do sth.（让某人做某事）
let 为使役动词，后接宾语 + 动词原形（省略 to）
同类使役动词：make / have + sb. + do sth.
someone else 别人，其他人
else
修饰不定代词（someone/anyone/something）要后置
7.At rehearsal (排演), everything went smoothly until the scene where I slipped on the ice.
排演时，一切都进展顺利，直到我在冰上滑倒的那个场景。
go smoothly 进展顺利、一帆风顺
scenen.场景；（戏剧的）一场；景色
Slip 滑倒
仿写句子
At rehearsal, everything went smoothly until the moment where I slipped on the stage.
排练时一切顺利，直到我在舞台上滑倒的那一刻。
At the exam, everything went smoothly until the question where I made a mistake.
考试时一切顺利，直到我出错的那道题。
8.I looked up through my tears to see concerned faces.
我透过泪水抬头望去，看到一张张关切的脸庞。
look up抬头看；查阅
tear 表 “眼泪”常用复数 tears
过去分词作形容词 concerned
修饰人 / 表情 / 面容，意为关切的、担心的
常见搭配：be concerned about sb./sth.
担忧某人/ 某事
仿写句子
I looked up through the window to see bright stars.
我透过窗户抬头，看见了明亮的星星。
She looked up through her glasses to see her kind teacher.
她透过眼镜抬头，看见了她和蔼的老师。
He looked up through the rain to see a big red umbrella.
他在雨中抬头，看见了一把红色的大伞。
9.During the show, one of the performers accidentally stepped on her own dress and almost fell.
演出期间，有一名表演者不小心踩到了自己的礼服，差点摔倒。
During在..期间
during + 名词 / 名词短语，不能接句子
During rush hour 在高峰期
during the summer holiday 在暑假期间
one of the performers
（表演者之一，one of + 名词复数作主语，谓语用单数）
one of + 可数名词复数
三大铁律
后面必须接可数名词复数
one of the books ✅
one of the book ❌
作主语时，谓语动词用单数
One of my friends likes music. ✅
代词指代用单数
One of the apples is bad. I don’t want it. ✅
其中一个苹果坏了。我不想要它。
One of my sisters is a teacher.
我的一个姐姐是老师。
One of the books is very interesting.
其中一本书非常有趣。
One of the students has a new bike.
其中一个学生有一辆新自行车。
performer表演者
Perform 表演
Accidentally意外地；偶然地；不小心地
后缀：-al (形容词后缀) → accidental
(adj. 意外的)
后缀：-ly (副词后缀) → accidentally
(adv. 意外地)
She accidentally sent the email to the wrong person.
她不小心把邮件发给了错误的人。
He accidentally touched the hot stove.
他不小心碰到了滚烫的炉子。
step on踩在…… 上；踩到……
step on + 物体：表 “踩在某物上”
She stepped on a banana peel.
她踩到了一根香蕉皮。
step on + 人
He stepped on my foot by accident.
他不小心踩到了我的脚。
10.The audience screamed (尖叫) in shock, but I stayed calm and continued to perform.
观众震惊地尖叫起来，但我保持冷静，继续表演。
1.1 audience
n.观众；听众集合名词，视作整体时谓语用单数，强调个体时可用复数
The audience is/are excited.
1.2 screamv.尖叫
1.3shockn.震惊；休克
in shock 震惊地；处于震惊中（固定介词短语）
He stood there in shock.
他震惊地站在那里。
The whole class was in shock when they heard the news.
听到这个消息时，全班都惊呆了。
She looked at me in shock.
她震惊地看着我。
1.4calmadj.冷静的stay/keep calm 保持冷静
stay + 形容词 = 保持某种状态
同类系动词：
keep/remain/stand + 形容词
keep quiet 保持安静
remain silent 保持沉默
1.5continuev.继续continue to do/doing sth 继续做某事（两者可互换）
11.At the end of the performance, the thunderous applause indicated that it was very successful.
演出结束时，雷鸣般的掌声表明这场演出大获成功。
at the end of + 名词
介词短语在…… 末尾 / 结束时
at the end of the class/road
We will have a final exam at the end of this term.
我们将在本学期末进行期末考试。
You can find the key information at the end of the passage.
你可以在文章末尾找到关键信息。
All the students stood up and clapped at the end of the performance.
演出结束时，所有学生都起立鼓掌。
performancen.表演；表现动词：perform；
thunderousadj.雷鸣般的；响亮的
thunder 雷；
thunderous applause 雷鸣般的掌声（写作加分）
applausen.掌声；喝彩不可数名词；
indicatev.表明；显示近义：show/suggest/mean
The survey indicates that most students love after-school activities.
调查表明大多数学生喜爱课外活动。
Her smile indicates that she is satisfied with the result.
她的微笑表明她对结果很满意。
successfuladj.成功的
12.Thanks to the supportive teacher and the encouragement of unexpected friends, I overcame my fear and made it.
多亏了支持我的老师和意想不到的朋友们的鼓励，我克服了恐惧，取得了成功。
thanks to介词短语多亏；由于
同义：because of；后接名词 / 代词 / 动名词
Thanks to my English teacher, I made great progress in English.
多亏了我的英语老师，我在英语上取得了巨大进步。
Thanks to your help, I finished the work on time.
多亏了你的帮助，我按时完成了工作。
Thanks to the fine weather, we had a wonderful school trip.
多亏了好天气，我们的校园旅行非常愉快。
Thanks to my parents’ support, I overcame the difficulty.
多亏了父母的支持，我克服了困难。
supportiveadj.支持的；给予帮助的
动词 support；
encouragementn.鼓励
动词 encourage；
encourage sb. to do sth.
鼓励某人做某事
unexpectedadj.意外的；想不到的
反义词 expected；
unexpected help 意外的帮助
overcomev.克服过去式 overcame，过去分词 overcome（不规则）
overcome fear动宾短语克服恐惧overcome difficulties 克服困难
I overcame my fear and gave a speech.
我克服了恐惧，发表了演讲。
She overcame many difficulties to learn English well.
她克服了许多困难学好英语。
We should overcome our bad habits.
我们应该改掉 / 克服坏习惯。
Thanks to his help, I overcame shyness.
多亏了他的帮助，我克服了害羞。
make it固定短语成功；做到；准时赶到中考高频口语 / 写作加分短语
I practiced every day and finally made it.
我每天练习，最终成功了。
Believe in yourself and you will make it.
相信自己，你就能做到。
Thanks to your help, I made it in the English competition.
多亏你的帮助，我在英语竞赛中取得了成功。
中考另一高频义：准时到达；赶上
Hurry up, or we can’t make it to school on time.
快点，不然我们不能准时到校了。
13.It was an unforgettable experience in my heart.
在我心中，这是一次难忘的经历。
核心词汇（中考必背）
unforgettable /ˌʌnfəˈɡetəbl/
adj. 难忘的；刻骨铭心的
构词：un- (否定) + forget (忘记) + -able (可…… 的)
反义：forgettable 易被忘记的
experience /ɪkˈspɪəriəns/
n. 经历（可数）：
an unforgettable experience
一次难忘的经历
n. 经验（不可数）：
much teaching experience
丰富的教学经验
v. 经历；体验
in my heart
在我心中；在我心底（写作常用抒情短语）
The school trip was an unforgettable experience for us.
这次校园旅行对我们来说是一次难忘的经历。
Performing on stage was an unforgettable experience in my heart.
在舞台上表演在我心中是一段难忘的经历。
Winning the prize became an unforgettable experience in his life.
获奖成了他人生中一段难忘的经历。
