第1组：现在完成时
✅ 易混巧记
结构：have / has + 动词过去分词 (done)
- 用法1：过去发生，对现在有影响/结果
- 用法2：表示过去的经历
- 用法3：动作从过去持续到现在
- 标志词：for / since / already / yet / ever / never / so far
用法1：过去发生，对现在有影响/结果
例句：I have lost my key. I can’t open the door.
（我把钥匙弄丢了，现在开不了门。）
📝 中考真题
1. My brother __________ (finish) his homework. He can play now.
2. I __________ (lose) my pen. I can’t find it anywhere.
用法2：表示过去的经历
例句：I have been to Beijing twice.
（我去过北京两次。）
📝 中考真题
1. He __________ (visit) the Great Wall before.
2. They __________ never __________ (ride) a horse.
用法3：动作从过去持续到现在
例句：He has lived here for 10 years.
（他在这里住了10年了。）
📝 中考真题
1. We __________ (know) each other since 2018.
2. She __________ (teach) English for 15 years.
易错对比：现在完成时 vs 一般过去时
- 有具体过去时间（yesterday, just now, last year）→ 一般过去时
- 无具体时间，强调结果/影响/持续 → 现在完成时
例句：He finished it yesterday.
（他昨天做完了。）
📝 中考真题
1. I __________ (buy) a book yesterday.
2. I __________ (buy) a book. I’m reading it now.
第2组：过去完成时
✅ 易混巧记
结构：had + 动词过去分词 (done)
- 用法：表示“过去的过去”，即两个过去动作中更早发生的那个
- 常考句型：By the time + 一般过去时, 主语 + had done…
用法：过去的过去
例句：When I got there, the bus had left.
（我到的时候，公交车已经开走了。）
📝 中考真题
1. By the time I arrived, she __________ (leave).
2. When I got home, my mom __________ (cook) dinner.
常考句型：By the time...
例句：By the time he came, we had started.
（他来的时候，我们已经开始了。）
📝 中考真题
1. By the time she was 10, she __________ (learn) 500 words.
2. By the time we got to school, the bell __________ (ring).
第3组：过去将来时
✅ 易混巧记
结构：would + 动词原形 / was/were going to + 动词原形
- 用法：站在过去看将来，90% 考在宾语从句中（时态倒退）
- 易错对比：现在说将来用 will do；过去说将来用 would do
用法：宾语从句时态倒退
例句：He said he would come soon.
（他说他很快会来。）
📝 中考真题
1. She told me she __________ (help) me with my English.
2. They thought it __________ (rain) soon.
易错对比：一般将来时 vs 过去将来时
例句：He says he will come.
He said he would come.
📝 中考真题
1. He says he __________ (go) to Beijing next month.
2. He said he __________ (go) to Beijing the next month.
第4组：综合巩固练习
📝 中考真题
1. I __________ (finish) my homework already.
2. He __________ (live) here for five years.
3. They __________ (see) the film twice.
4. She __________ (not visit) the Great Wall yet.
5. ________ you ever ________ (be) to Shanghai?
6. We __________ (know) each other since 2018.
7. The train ________ just ________ (leave).
8. I __________ (lose) my pen. I can’t find it.
9. He __________ (read) three books so far.
10. My mother __________ (cook) dinner already.
11. When I got there, they __________ (finish) the work.
12. By the time I arrived, she __________ (leave).
13. He told me he __________ (see) the film before.
14. I didn’t know you __________ (come) already.
15. She __________ (learn) 2000 words before last term.
16. He said he __________ (go) to Beijing the next day.
17. She told me she __________ (help) me with my English.
18. They thought it __________ (rain) soon.
19. He asked if I __________ (attend) the party.
20. I knew they __________ (not come) on time.
21. My father __________ (work) in this school for 20 years.
22. When I got home, my mom __________ (cook) dinner.
23. He said he __________ (call) me as soon as he arrived.
24. We ________ never ________ (see) such a beautiful lake.
25. She __________ (finish) her homework before she watched TV.
26. They told us they __________ (visit) the farm next week.
27. I __________ (lose) my key, so I can’t enter the room.
28. By the time he was ten, he __________ (learn) French.
29. She didn’t know when he __________ (come) back.
30. We __________ (be) friends since we met.
参考答案
第1组：现在完成时
用法1
1. has finished
2. have lost
用法2
1. has visited
2. have, ridden
用法3
1. have known
2. has taught
易错对比
1. bought
2. have bought
第2组：过去完成时
用法：过去的过去
1. had left
2. had cooked
常考句型
1. had learned
2. had rung
第3组：过去将来时
用法：时态倒退
1. would help
2. would rain
易错对比
1. will go
2. would go
第4组：综合巩固练习
1. have finished
2. has lived
3. have seen
4. hasn’t visited
5. Have, been
6. have known
7. has, left
8. have lost
9. has read
10. has cooked
11. had finished
12. had left
13. had seen
14. had come
15. had learned
16. would go
17. would help
18. would rain
19. would attend
20. wouldn’t come
21. has worked
22. had cooked
23. would call
24. have, seen
25. had finished
26. would visit
27. have lost
28. had learned
29. would come
30. have been
