2026中考英语:介词六大核心功能体系全解+高频搭配速记
一、介词的本质:六大核心功能框架
介词的核心功能在于连接词与短语,构建句中成分间的逻辑关系,并精确界定名词/代词的时空属性、范围边界与方式特征。中考命题深度聚焦以下六大功能体系:
🔑 六大核心功能矩阵
📅 时间功能体系
• 核心介词:at, on, in, for, since, during, by, until/till
• 三级定位:at(点)→ on(线)→ in(面)
• 持续时间:for(多久) vs during(期间内)
• 时间界限:by(截止) vs until/till(直到)
• 必考点:at 7:00, on Monday, in May; not...until...
📍 方位功能体系
• 核心介词:at, in, on, above, below, between, among
• 静态三级:at(点)→ in(范围)→ on(表面)
• 动态方向:across(表面横穿) vs through(内部穿过)
• 空间关系:above/over(上) vs below/under(下)
• 之间关系:between(两者) vs among(多者)
⚙️ 方式功能体系
• 核心介词:by, with, in, through
• 方式手段:by(抽象方式/交通工具)
• 具体工具:with(具体工具/伴随状态)
• 形式媒介:in(语言/材料/方式)
• 途径过程:through(通过努力/经历过程)
🎯 原因功能体系
• 核心介词:for, because of, from, with
• 目的原因:for(为了/因为,接名词/动词-ing)
• 直接原因:because of(由于,强调直接原因)
• 来源起因:from(客观原因/来源)
• 伴随原因:with(带有某种情绪/状态)
📦 所属功能体系
• 核心介词:of, in, among, within
• 所属关系:of(...的,表从属/数量/特征)
• 包含范围:in, among(在...之中)
• 限定范围:within(在...之内,强调内部限制)
🤝 伴随功能体系
• 核心介词:with, without, like, as
• 伴随状态:with(带有/伴随),without(没有)
• 比较关系:like(像...一样),as(作为身份)
• 固定搭配:with pleasure, without doubt, as...as...
二、介词功能全解与高频搭配
1. ABOUT 【方式/原因/范围】
• 动介搭配:
◦ talk about(谈论)
◦ think about(考虑)
◦ worry about(担心)
◦ care about(关心)
◦ complain about(抱怨)
◦ dream about(梦想)
◦ hear about(听说)
◦ read about(读到)
• 形介搭配:
◦ be excited about(对…兴奋)
◦ be worried about(担心)
◦ be happy about(对…高兴)
◦ be nervous about(对…紧张)
◦ be curious about(对…好奇)
• 名介搭配:
◦ a book about(关于…的书)
◦ information about(关于…的信息)
◦ a story about(关于…的故事)
• 固定搭配:
◦ What/How about...?(…怎么样?)
◦ be about to do(即将做)
◦ just about(几乎,差不多)
2. ACROSS 【方位】
• 动介搭配:
◦ come across(偶遇)
◦ run across(跑过)
◦ cut across(抄近路穿过)
◦ swim across(游过)
◦ walk across(走过)
• 固定搭配:
◦ across from(在…对面)
◦ across the road(马路对面)
◦ get across(传达;使理解)
3. AFTER 【时间/方位】
• 动介搭配:
◦ look after(照顾)
◦ run after(追赶)
◦ take after(长得像)
◦ ask after(问候)
◦ go after(追求)
• 名介搭配:
◦ day after day(日复一日)
◦ time after time(一次又一次)
◦ one after another(一个接一个)
• 固定搭配:
◦ after all(毕竟)
◦ after a while(过了一会儿)
◦ shortly after(不久之后)
4. AGAINST 【方式/方位】
• 动介搭配:
◦ fight against(与…斗争)
◦ lean against(靠着)
◦ warn against(警告不要)
◦ protect against(保护免受)
◦ vote against(投票反对)
• 形介搭配:
◦ be against(反对)
• 固定搭配:
◦ against the law(违法)
◦ against one's will(违背意愿)
◦ against time(争分夺秒)
5. AT 🌟【时间/方位/方式】
• 动介搭配:
◦ look at(看)
◦ laugh at(嘲笑)
◦ arrive at(到达)
◦ shout at(对…喊叫)
◦ point at(指着)
◦ smile at(向…微笑)
◦ stare at(盯着看)
◦ throw at(朝…扔)
• 形介搭配:
◦ be good at(擅长)
◦ be surprised at(对…惊讶)
◦ be angry at(对…生气)
◦ be bad at(不擅长)
◦ be pleased at(对…高兴)
• 名介搭配:
◦ at first(首先)
◦ at once(立刻)
◦ at least(至少)
◦ at most(最多)
◦ at last(最后)
• 时间短语:
◦ at night(晚上)
◦ at Christmas(圣诞节)
◦ at the moment(此刻)
◦ at noon(中午)
◦ at dawn(黎明)
• 方式短语:
◦ at full speed(全速)
◦ at a loss(不知所措)
6. BY 🌟【方式/时间】
• 动介搭配:
◦ pass by(经过)
◦ stand by(支持;袖手旁观)
◦ drop by(顺便拜访)
◦ go by(经过;时间流逝)
◦ come by(得到;拜访)
• 形介搭配:
◦ be done by(由…完成)
• 方式短语:
◦ by bus/car/train/plane(乘公交/汽车/火车/飞机)
◦ by hand(手工)
◦ by chance(偶然)
◦ by mistake(错误地)
◦ by accident(意外地)
◦ by the way(顺便说一下)
• 时间短语:
◦ by now(到现在为止)
◦ by then(到那时为止)
◦ by the time(到…时候为止)
• 固定搭配:
◦ one by one(一个接一个)
◦ little by little(逐渐地)
◦ side by side(肩并肩)
7. FOR 🌟【原因/时间/目的】
• 动介搭配:
◦ ask for(要求)
◦ look for(寻找)
◦ wait for(等待)
◦ pay for(支付)
◦ thank for(感谢)
◦ apologize for(为…道歉)
◦ prepare for(为…准备)
◦ hope for(希望得到)
• 形介搭配:
◦ be famous for(以…出名)
◦ be responsible for(对…负责)
◦ be ready for(为…准备好)
◦ be sorry for(为…感到抱歉)
◦ be known for(以…闻名)
• 名介搭配:
◦ reason for(…的原因)
◦ love for(对…的爱)
◦ need for(对…的需要)
◦ respect for(对…的尊重)
◦ talent for(…的天赋)
• 时间短语:
◦ for a while(一会儿)
◦ for a long time(很长时间)
◦ for ever(永远)
◦ for the time being(暂时)
• 固定搭配:
◦ for example(例如)
◦ for instance(例如)
◦ for sale(出售)
◦ for free(免费)
8. FROM 🌟【方位/原因】
• 动介搭配:
◦ come from(来自)
◦ prevent from(阻止)
◦ protect from(保护免受)
◦ suffer from(遭受)
◦ hear from(收到…的来信)
◦ learn from(向…学习)
◦ recover from(从…恢复)
◦ separate from(与…分离)
• 形介搭配:
◦ be different from(与…不同)
◦ be far from(远离)
◦ be safe from(免受…伤害)
◦ be absent from(缺席)
◦ be free from(免于)
• 固定搭配:
◦ from now on(从现在起)
◦ from time to time(不时地)
◦ from beginning to end(从头到尾)
◦ from A to Z(从头到尾;彻底)
◦ from bad to worse(每况愈下)
9. IN 🌟【方位/时间/方式/状态】
• 动介搭配:
◦ believe in(相信)
◦ succeed in(在…方面成功)
◦ participate in(参加)
◦ result in(导致)
◦ specialize in(专攻)
◦ engage in(从事)
◦ delight in(以…为乐)
◦ persist in(坚持)
• 形介搭配:
◦ be interested in(对…感兴趣)
◦ be rich in(富含)
◦ be poor in(缺乏)
◦ be involved in(参与)
◦ be experienced in(在…方面有经验)
◦ be confident in(对…有信心)
• 名介搭配:
◦ in front of(在…前面)
◦ in charge of(负责)
◦ in need of(需要)
◦ in favor of(支持)
◦ in search of(寻找)
• 状态短语:
◦ in trouble(有麻烦)
◦ in danger(处于危险中)
◦ in a hurry(匆忙)
◦ in love(恋爱中)
◦ in debt(负债)
◦ in good health(身体健康)
• 时间短语:
◦ in the morning(早上)
◦ in May(在五月)
◦ in 2023(在2023年)
◦ in the future(在未来)
◦ in the past(在过去)
• 方式短语:
◦ in English(用英语)
◦ in ink(用墨水)
◦ in a loud voice(大声地)
◦ in detail(详细地)
◦ in turn(依次)
10. OF 🌟【所属/范围】
• 动介搭配:
◦ think of(想起)
◦ hear of(听说)
◦ dream of(梦想)
◦ approve of(赞成)
◦ consist of(由…组成)
◦ die of(死于)
◦ smell of(有…的气味)
◦ taste of(有…的味道)
• 形介搭配:
◦ be afraid of(害怕)
◦ be proud of(为…自豪)
◦ be fond of(喜欢)
◦ be full of(充满)
◦ be tired of(厌倦)
◦ be aware of(意识到)
◦ be capable of(有能力做)
• 名介搭配:
◦ a piece of(一片)
◦ because of(因为)
◦ lots of(许多)
◦ a cup of(一杯)
◦ the city of(…市)
◦ the importance of(…的重要性)
◦ the end of(…的结束)
11. ON 🌟【方位/时间/方式】
• 动介搭配:
◦ depend on(依赖)
◦ spend on(在…上花费)
◦ insist on(坚持)
◦ agree on(就…达成一致)
◦ concentrate on(集中注意力于)
◦ live on(以…为生)
◦ wait on(侍候)
◦ count on(指望)
• 形介搭配:
◦ be keen on(热衷于)
◦ be based on(基于)
◦ be dependent on(依赖于)
◦ be hard on(对…严厉)
• 名介搭配:
◦ on duty(值班)
◦ on time(准时)
◦ on fire(着火)
◦ on purpose(故意)
◦ on holiday(在度假)
◦ on business(出差)
◦ on sale(出售;打折)
• 时间短语:
◦ on Monday(在周一)
◦ on Christmas Day(在圣诞节当天)
◦ on the weekend(在周末)
◦ on time(准时)
◦ on occasion(偶尔)
• 方式短语:
◦ on foot(步行)
◦ on the radio(通过广播)
◦ on TV(在电视上)
◦ on the phone(通电话)
12. TO 🌟【方位/方式】
• 动介搭配:
◦ listen to(听)
◦ belong to(属于)
◦ lead to(导致)
◦ refer to(指的是)
◦ look forward to(期待)
◦ agree to(同意)
◦ happen to(发生在…身上)
◦ turn to(求助于)
• 形介搭配:
◦ be kind to(对…友好)
◦ be used to(习惯于)
◦ be similar to(与…相似)
◦ be close to(接近)
◦ be polite to(对…有礼貌)
◦ be grateful to(感谢)
◦ be harmful to(对…有害)
• 名介搭配:
◦ key to(…的关键)
◦ answer to(…的答案)
◦ attitude to/towards(对…的态度)
◦ solution to(…的解决方法)
◦ trip to(去…的旅行)
• 固定搭配:
◦ to one's surprise(令某人惊讶的是)
◦ to some extent(在某种程度上)
◦ face to face(面对面)
◦ back to back(背对背)
◦ from A to B(从A到B)
13. WITH 🌟【方式/伴随/原因】
• 动介搭配:
◦ agree with(同意)
◦ deal with(处理)
◦ help with(帮助做)
◦ provide with(提供)
◦ compare with(与…比较)
◦ fill with(用…填满)
◦ meet with(遇到)
◦ begin with(以…开始)
• 形介搭配:
◦ be angry with(生…的气)
◦ be busy with(忙于)
◦ be satisfied with(对…满意)
◦ be familiar with(熟悉)
◦ be patient with(对…有耐心)
◦ be popular with(受…欢迎)
◦ be strict with(对…严格)
• 固定搭配:
◦ with pleasure(乐意)
◦ with one's help(在某人的帮助下)
◦ with difficulty(困难地)
◦ with care(小心地)
◦ with respect(尊敬地)
◦ with regard to(关于)
◦ with the exception of(除…之外)
14. WITHOUT 【方式/伴随】
• 动介搭配:
◦ do without(没有…也行)
◦ go without(没有…而勉强应付)
◦ live without(没有…生活)
• 固定搭配:
◦ without doubt(毫无疑问)
◦ without delay(立即)
◦ without exception(毫无例外)
◦ without fail(必定)
◦ without hesitation(毫不犹豫)
◦ without permission(未经许可)
15. ABOVE 【方位/范围】
• 动介搭配:
◦ rise above(超越)
◦ get above oneself(自高自大)
• 固定搭配:
◦ above all(最重要的是)
◦ above average(高于平均水平)
◦ above suspicion(无可怀疑)
◦ above one's head(难以理解)
◦ keep one's head above water(勉强维持)
16. ALONG 【方位】
• 动介搭配:
◦ walk along(沿着…走)
◦ go along(前进;进行)
◦ get along(进展;相处)
◦ come along(一起来;进展)
• 固定搭配:
◦ along with(和…一起)
◦ all along(一直,始终)
◦ right along(一直地)
17. AMONG 【方位/范围】
• 动介搭配:
◦ stand among(站在…中)
◦ count among(算作…之一)
◦ distribute among(在…中分配)
• 固定搭配:
◦ among other things(其中;除了别的以外)
◦ among ourselves(在我们之间)
◦ fall among(偶然遇到)
18. AROUND 【方位/时间】
• 动介搭配:
◦ look around(环顾四周)
◦ turn around(转身)
◦ hang around(闲逛)
◦ come around(来访;恢复知觉)
• 固定搭配:
◦ around the corner(在拐角处;即将发生)
◦ around here(在这附近)
◦ around the clock(昼夜不停)
◦ all around(到处,四周)
19. AS 【方式/比较】
• 动介搭配:
◦ regard as(把…看作)
◦ work as(担任…工作)
◦ serve as(充当)
◦ act as(担任;充当)
• 固定搭配:
◦ as...as...(和…一样)
◦ as soon as(一…就)
◦ such as(例如)
◦ as a result(结果)
◦ as usual(像往常一样)
◦ as well(也)
◦ as if/though(好像)
20. BEFORE 【时间/方位】
• 动介搭配:
◦ come before(先于)
◦ appear before(出现在…面前)
• 固定搭配:
◦ before long(不久以后)
◦ the day before yesterday(前天)
◦ before now(在此之前)
◦ put the cart before the horse(本末倒置)
21. BEHIND 【方位功能】
• 动介搭配:
◦ fall behind(落后)
◦ leave behind(留下;遗留)
◦ stay behind(留下来)
◦ lag behind(落后)
• 固定搭配:
◦ behind schedule(落后于计划)
◦ behind the times(过时)
◦ behind one's back(背地里)
◦ behind closed doors(秘密地)
22. BELOW 【方位功能】
• 固定搭配:
◦ below zero(零度以下)
◦ below average(低于平均水平)
◦ see below(见下文)
◦ below the belt(不正当的)
23. BESIDE 【方位功能】
• 固定搭配:
◦ beside oneself(发狂,忘形)
◦ beside the point(离题,不相关)
24. BESIDES 【所属/范围功能】
• 固定搭配:
◦ besides this/that(除此之外)
◦ no one besides(除…外没有人)
25. BETWEEN 🌟【方位功能】
• 动介搭配:
◦ choose between(在…之间选择)
◦ distinguish between(区分)
◦ decide between(在…之间决定)
• 固定搭配:
◦ between you and me(你我之间,私下说)
◦ in between(在中间)
◦ read between the lines(体会言外之意)
◦ come between(离间)
26. BEYOND 【范围功能】
• 固定搭配:
◦ beyond belief(难以置信)
◦ beyond control(失控)
◦ beyond repair(无法修复)
◦ beyond one's means(超出支付能力)
◦ beyond compare(无与伦比)
27. BUT 【范围功能】
• 固定搭配:
◦ nothing but(只有,仅仅)
◦ anything but(根本不)
◦ all but(几乎,差一点)
◦ cannot but(不得不)
28. DOWN 【方位功能】
• 动介搭配:
◦ sit down(坐下)
◦ write down(写下)
◦ break down(分解;崩溃)
◦ calm down(冷静下来)
◦ turn down(调低;拒绝)
◦ put down(放下;记下)
◦ settle down(安定下来)
◦ shut down(关闭)
• 固定搭配:
◦ down the street(沿着街道)
◦ up and down(上上下下)
◦ down to earth(实际的,现实的)
◦ down in the dumps(情绪低落)
29. DURING 🌟【时间功能】
• 固定搭配:
◦ during the day(在白天)
◦ during the war(在战争期间)
◦ during one's lifetime(在某人的一生中)
◦ during the course of(在…过程中)
30. EXCEPT 🌟【范围功能】
• 固定搭配:
◦ except for(除了…以外)
◦ except that(除了…,后接从句)
◦ with the exception of(除…之外)
31. INSIDE 【方位功能】
• 固定搭配:
◦ inside out(里外翻转)
◦ inside information(内部消息)
◦ on the inside(从内部;知内情)
32. INTO 【方位功能】
• 动介搭配:
◦ turn into(变成)
◦ look into(调查)
◦ run into(偶然遇见)
◦ get into(进入;陷入)
◦ break into(闯入)
◦ change into(变成)
◦ divide into(分成)
◦ translate into(翻译成)
• 固定搭配:
◦ into pieces(成碎片)
◦ burst into tears(突然哭起来)
◦ bump into(偶然遇见)
◦ talk into(说服)
33. LIKE 【方式/比较功能】
• 动介搭配:
◦ look like(看起来像)
◦ feel like(想要)
◦ sound like(听起来像)
◦ taste like(尝起来像)
◦ smell like(闻起来像)
• 固定搭配:
◦ something like(有点像,大约)
◦ like crazy/mad(疯狂地)
◦ like father, like son(有其父必有其子)
◦ and the like(等等,诸如此类)
34. NEAR 【方位功能】
• 固定搭配:
◦ near by(在附近)
◦ draw near(临近,靠近)
◦ near and dear(亲密的)
◦ nowhere near(远不及,根本不)
◦ near at hand(在手边;即将发生)
35. OFF 【方位功能】
• 动介搭配:
◦ take off(起飞;脱下)
◦ turn off(关闭)
◦ get off(下车)
◦ cut off(切断)
◦ set off(出发)
◦ show off(炫耀)
◦ put off(推迟)
◦ call off(取消)
• 固定搭配:
◦ off duty(下班)
◦ off and on(断断续续地)
◦ well off(富裕的)
◦ off the record(非正式的)
◦ off the beaten track(偏僻的)
36. OUTSIDE 【方位功能】
• 固定搭配:
◦ outside of(除…之外)
◦ at the outside(最多,充其量)
◦ outside world(外界)
◦ outside chance(极小的可能性)
37. OVER 【方位功能】
• 动介搭配:
◦ go over(复习;检查)
◦ think over(仔细考虑)
◦ take over(接管)
◦ look over(检查;浏览)
◦ run over(碾过;溢出)
◦ turn over(翻转;移交)
◦ get over(克服;恢复)
◦ watch over(照看)
• 固定搭配:
◦ over there(在那边)
◦ all over(到处;结束)
◦ over and over(反复地)
◦ over the moon(非常高兴)
◦ over one's head(超过理解能力)
38. PAST 【时间/方位功能】
• 动介搭配:
◦ walk past(走过)
◦ drive past(开车经过)
◦ run past(跑过)
• 固定搭配:
◦ half past(…点半)
◦ past belief(难以置信)
◦ live in the past(守旧)
◦ past it(老朽,过时)
39. ROUND 【方位功能】
• 固定搭配:
◦ all year round(全年)
◦ round the clock(昼夜不停)
◦ round trip(往返旅行)
◦ round about(大约;在…周围)
◦ go round(足够分配;流传)
40. SINCE 🌟【时间功能】
• 固定搭配:
◦ ever since(从那时起一直)
◦ since then(从那时起)
◦ long since(很久以前)
41. THROUGH 【方位/方式功能】
• 动介搭配:
◦ go through(经历;通过)
◦ look through(浏览;看穿)
◦ get through(通过;完成)
◦ come through(经历…仍活着)
◦ fall through(失败)
◦ see through(看穿;帮助度过难关)
• 固定搭配:
◦ through and through(完全,彻底)
◦ all through(自始至终)
◦ break through(突破)
◦ pull through(恢复健康;渡过难关)
42. TILL 【时间功能】
• 固定搭配:
◦ up till now(直到现在)
◦ from morning till night(从早到晚)
◦ good-bye till tomorrow(明天见)
43. TOWARD(S) 【方位功能】
• 动介搭配:
◦ go towards(朝…走去)
◦ work towards(为…努力)
◦ lean towards(倾向于)
• 固定搭配:
◦ attitude towards(对…的态度)
◦ step towards(朝着…的一步)
◦ towards evening(临近黄昏)
44. UNDER 【方位功能】
• 动介搭配:
◦ come under(归入;受到)
◦ fall under(属于;受到)
• 固定搭配:
◦ under control(在控制下)
◦ under construction(在建设中)
◦ under pressure(在压力下)
◦ under the weather(身体不适)
◦ under age(未成年)
◦ under way(进行中)
◦ under discussion(讨论中)
◦ under repair(维修中)
45. UNTIL 🌟【时间功能】
• 固定搭配:
◦ not...until...(直到…才)
◦ until now(直到现在)
◦ until then(直到那时)
◦ wait until(等到)
46. UP 【方位功能】
• 动介搭配:
◦ stand up(站起来)
◦ give up(放弃)
◦ wake up(醒来)
◦ make up(组成;化妆)
◦ set up(建立)
◦ pick up(捡起;学会)
◦ grow up(长大)
◦ clean up(清理干净)
◦ hurry up(赶快)
◦ look up(查阅;抬头看)
• 固定搭配:
◦ up to(直到;由…决定)
◦ up and down(上上下下)
◦ up to date(最新的)
◦ up in arms(强烈反对)
◦ up for grabs(供争夺)
47. UPON 【方位功能】
• 动介搭配:
◦ depend upon(依赖)
◦ look upon(看待)
◦ come upon(偶然遇见)
• 固定搭配:
◦ once upon a time(从前)
◦ upon arrival(一到就)
◦ upon request(根据要求)
◦ upon my word(我保证)
48. WITHIN 【范围功能】
• 固定搭配:
◦ within reach(在可及范围内)
◦ within sight(在视线内)
◦ within reason(合情合理地)
◦ within an hour(在一小时内)
◦ within one's power(在某人力所能及的范围内)
◦ within limits(在一定限度内)
介词虽小,功能强大;搭配牢记,运用自如!