2026中考英语:介词六大核心功能体系全解+高频搭配速记

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2026中考英语:介词六大核心功能体系全解+高频搭配速记

2026中考英语:介词六大核心功能体系全解+高频搭配速记

一、介词的本质:六大核心功能框架

介词的核心功能在于连接词与短语,构建句中成分间的逻辑关系,并精确界定名词/代词的时空属性、范围边界与方式特征。中考命题深度聚焦以下六大功能体系:

🔑 六大核心功能矩阵

📅 时间功能体系

• 核心介词:at, on, in, for, since, during, by, until/till

• 三级定位:at(点)→ on(线)→ in(面)

• 持续时间:for(多久) vs during(期间内)

• 时间界限:by(截止) vs until/till(直到)

• 必考点:at 7:00, on Monday, in May; not...until...

📍 方位功能体系

• 核心介词:at, in, on, above, below, between, among

• 静态三级:at(点)→ in(范围)→ on(表面)

• 动态方向:across(表面横穿) vs through(内部穿过)

• 空间关系:above/over(上) vs below/under(下)

• 之间关系:between(两者) vs among(多者)

⚙️ 方式功能体系

• 核心介词:by, with, in, through

• 方式手段:by(抽象方式/交通工具)

• 具体工具:with(具体工具/伴随状态)

• 形式媒介:in(语言/材料/方式)

• 途径过程:through(通过努力/经历过程)

🎯 原因功能体系

• 核心介词:for, because of, from, with

• 目的原因:for(为了/因为,接名词/动词-ing)

• 直接原因:because of(由于,强调直接原因)

• 来源起因:from(客观原因/来源)

• 伴随原因:with(带有某种情绪/状态)

📦 所属功能体系

• 核心介词:of, in, among, within

• 所属关系:of(...的,表从属/数量/特征)

• 包含范围:in, among(在...之中)

• 限定范围:within(在...之内,强调内部限制)

🤝 伴随功能体系

• 核心介词:with, without, like, as

• 伴随状态:with(带有/伴随),without(没有)

• 比较关系:like(像...一样),as(作为身份)

• 固定搭配:with pleasure, without doubt, as...as...

二、介词功能全解与高频搭配

1. ABOUT 【方式/原因/范围】

• 动介搭配:

◦ talk about(谈论)

◦ think about(考虑)

◦ worry about(担心)

◦ care about(关心)

◦ complain about(抱怨)

◦ dream about(梦想)

◦ hear about(听说)

◦ read about(读到)

• 形介搭配:

◦ be excited about(对…兴奋)

◦ be worried about(担心)

◦ be happy about(对…高兴)

◦ be nervous about(对…紧张)

◦ be curious about(对…好奇)

• 名介搭配:

◦ a book about(关于…的书)

◦ information about(关于…的信息)

◦ a story about(关于…的故事)

• 固定搭配:

◦ What/How about...?(…怎么样?)

◦ be about to do(即将做)

◦ just about(几乎,差不多)

2. ACROSS 【方位】

• 动介搭配:

◦ come across(偶遇)

◦ run across(跑过)

◦ cut across(抄近路穿过)

◦ swim across(游过)

◦ walk across(走过)

• 固定搭配:

◦ across from(在…对面)

◦ across the road(马路对面)

◦ get across(传达;使理解)

3. AFTER 【时间/方位】

• 动介搭配:

◦ look after(照顾)

◦ run after(追赶)

◦ take after(长得像)

◦ ask after(问候)

◦ go after(追求)

• 名介搭配:

◦ day after day(日复一日)

◦ time after time(一次又一次)

◦ one after another(一个接一个)

• 固定搭配:

◦ after all(毕竟)

◦ after a while(过了一会儿)

◦ shortly after(不久之后)

4. AGAINST 【方式/方位】

• 动介搭配:

◦ fight against(与…斗争)

◦ lean against(靠着)

◦ warn against(警告不要)

◦ protect against(保护免受)

◦ vote against(投票反对)

• 形介搭配:

◦ be against(反对)

• 固定搭配:

◦ against the law(违法)

◦ against one's will(违背意愿)

◦ against time(争分夺秒)

5. AT 🌟【时间/方位/方式】

• 动介搭配:

◦ look at(看)

◦ laugh at(嘲笑)

◦ arrive at(到达)

◦ shout at(对…喊叫)

◦ point at(指着)

◦ smile at(向…微笑)

◦ stare at(盯着看)

◦ throw at(朝…扔)

• 形介搭配:

◦ be good at(擅长)

◦ be surprised at(对…惊讶)

◦ be angry at(对…生气)

◦ be bad at(不擅长)

◦ be pleased at(对…高兴)

• 名介搭配:

◦ at first(首先)

◦ at once(立刻)

◦ at least(至少)

◦ at most(最多)

◦ at last(最后)

• 时间短语:

◦ at night(晚上)

◦ at Christmas(圣诞节)

◦ at the moment(此刻)

◦ at noon(中午)

◦ at dawn(黎明)

• 方式短语:

◦ at full speed(全速)

◦ at a loss(不知所措)

6. BY 🌟【方式/时间】

• 动介搭配:

◦ pass by(经过)

◦ stand by(支持;袖手旁观)

◦ drop by(顺便拜访)

◦ go by(经过;时间流逝)

◦ come by(得到;拜访)

• 形介搭配:

◦ be done by(由…完成)

• 方式短语:

◦ by bus/car/train/plane(乘公交/汽车/火车/飞机)

◦ by hand(手工)

◦ by chance(偶然)

◦ by mistake(错误地)

◦ by accident(意外地)

◦ by the way(顺便说一下)

• 时间短语:

◦ by now(到现在为止)

◦ by then(到那时为止)

◦ by the time(到…时候为止)

• 固定搭配:

◦ one by one(一个接一个)

◦ little by little(逐渐地)

◦ side by side(肩并肩)

7. FOR 🌟【原因/时间/目的】

• 动介搭配:

◦ ask for(要求)

◦ look for(寻找)

◦ wait for(等待)

◦ pay for(支付)

◦ thank for(感谢)

◦ apologize for(为…道歉)

◦ prepare for(为…准备)

◦ hope for(希望得到)

• 形介搭配:

◦ be famous for(以…出名)

◦ be responsible for(对…负责)

◦ be ready for(为…准备好)

◦ be sorry for(为…感到抱歉)

◦ be known for(以…闻名)

• 名介搭配:

◦ reason for(…的原因)

◦ love for(对…的爱)

◦ need for(对…的需要)

◦ respect for(对…的尊重)

◦ talent for(…的天赋)

• 时间短语:

◦ for a while(一会儿)

◦ for a long time(很长时间)

◦ for ever(永远)

◦ for the time being(暂时)

• 固定搭配:

◦ for example(例如)

◦ for instance(例如)

◦ for sale(出售)

◦ for free(免费)

8. FROM 🌟【方位/原因】

• 动介搭配:

◦ come from(来自)

◦ prevent from(阻止)

◦ protect from(保护免受)

◦ suffer from(遭受)

◦ hear from(收到…的来信)

◦ learn from(向…学习)

◦ recover from(从…恢复)

◦ separate from(与…分离)

• 形介搭配:

◦ be different from(与…不同)

◦ be far from(远离)

◦ be safe from(免受…伤害)

◦ be absent from(缺席)

◦ be free from(免于)

• 固定搭配:

◦ from now on(从现在起)

◦ from time to time(不时地)

◦ from beginning to end(从头到尾)

◦ from A to Z(从头到尾;彻底)

◦ from bad to worse(每况愈下)

9. IN 🌟【方位/时间/方式/状态】

• 动介搭配:

◦ believe in(相信)

◦ succeed in(在…方面成功)

◦ participate in(参加)

◦ result in(导致)

◦ specialize in(专攻)

◦ engage in(从事)

◦ delight in(以…为乐)

◦ persist in(坚持)

• 形介搭配:

◦ be interested in(对…感兴趣)

◦ be rich in(富含)

◦ be poor in(缺乏)

◦ be involved in(参与)

◦ be experienced in(在…方面有经验)

◦ be confident in(对…有信心)

• 名介搭配:

◦ in front of(在…前面)

◦ in charge of(负责)

◦ in need of(需要)

◦ in favor of(支持)

◦ in search of(寻找)

• 状态短语:

◦ in trouble(有麻烦)

◦ in danger(处于危险中)

◦ in a hurry(匆忙)

◦ in love(恋爱中)

◦ in debt(负债)

◦ in good health(身体健康)

• 时间短语:

◦ in the morning(早上)

◦ in May(在五月)

◦ in 2023(在2023年)

◦ in the future(在未来)

◦ in the past(在过去)

• 方式短语:

◦ in English(用英语)

◦ in ink(用墨水)

◦ in a loud voice(大声地)

◦ in detail(详细地)

◦ in turn(依次)

10. OF 🌟【所属/范围】

• 动介搭配:

◦ think of(想起)

◦ hear of(听说)

◦ dream of(梦想)

◦ approve of(赞成)

◦ consist of(由…组成)

◦ die of(死于)

◦ smell of(有…的气味)

◦ taste of(有…的味道)

• 形介搭配:

◦ be afraid of(害怕)

◦ be proud of(为…自豪)

◦ be fond of(喜欢)

◦ be full of(充满)

◦ be tired of(厌倦)

◦ be aware of(意识到)

◦ be capable of(有能力做)

• 名介搭配:

◦ a piece of(一片)

◦ because of(因为)

◦ lots of(许多)

◦ a cup of(一杯)

◦ the city of(…市)

◦ the importance of(…的重要性)

◦ the end of(…的结束)

11. ON 🌟【方位/时间/方式】

• 动介搭配:

◦ depend on(依赖)

◦ spend on(在…上花费)

◦ insist on(坚持)

◦ agree on(就…达成一致)

◦ concentrate on(集中注意力于)

◦ live on(以…为生)

◦ wait on(侍候)

◦ count on(指望)

• 形介搭配:

◦ be keen on(热衷于)

◦ be based on(基于)

◦ be dependent on(依赖于)

◦ be hard on(对…严厉)

• 名介搭配:

◦ on duty(值班)

◦ on time(准时)

◦ on fire(着火)

◦ on purpose(故意)

◦ on holiday(在度假)

◦ on business(出差)

◦ on sale(出售;打折)

• 时间短语:

◦ on Monday(在周一)

◦ on Christmas Day(在圣诞节当天)

◦ on the weekend(在周末)

◦ on time(准时)

◦ on occasion(偶尔)

• 方式短语:

◦ on foot(步行)

◦ on the radio(通过广播)

◦ on TV(在电视上)

◦ on the phone(通电话)

12. TO 🌟【方位/方式】

• 动介搭配:

◦ listen to(听)

◦ belong to(属于)

◦ lead to(导致)

◦ refer to(指的是)

◦ look forward to(期待)

◦ agree to(同意)

◦ happen to(发生在…身上)

◦ turn to(求助于)

• 形介搭配:

◦ be kind to(对…友好)

◦ be used to(习惯于)

◦ be similar to(与…相似)

◦ be close to(接近)

◦ be polite to(对…有礼貌)

◦ be grateful to(感谢)

◦ be harmful to(对…有害)

• 名介搭配:

◦ key to(…的关键)

◦ answer to(…的答案)

◦ attitude to/towards(对…的态度)

◦ solution to(…的解决方法)

◦ trip to(去…的旅行)

• 固定搭配:

◦ to one's surprise(令某人惊讶的是)

◦ to some extent(在某种程度上)

◦ face to face(面对面)

◦ back to back(背对背)

◦ from A to B(从A到B)

13. WITH 🌟【方式/伴随/原因】

• 动介搭配:

◦ agree with(同意)

◦ deal with(处理)

◦ help with(帮助做)

◦ provide with(提供)

◦ compare with(与…比较)

◦ fill with(用…填满)

◦ meet with(遇到)

◦ begin with(以…开始)

• 形介搭配:

◦ be angry with(生…的气)

◦ be busy with(忙于)

◦ be satisfied with(对…满意)

◦ be familiar with(熟悉)

◦ be patient with(对…有耐心)

◦ be popular with(受…欢迎)

◦ be strict with(对…严格)

• 固定搭配:

◦ with pleasure(乐意)

◦ with one's help(在某人的帮助下)

◦ with difficulty(困难地)

◦ with care(小心地)

◦ with respect(尊敬地)

◦ with regard to(关于)

◦ with the exception of(除…之外)

14. WITHOUT 【方式/伴随】

• 动介搭配:

◦ do without(没有…也行)

◦ go without(没有…而勉强应付)

◦ live without(没有…生活)

• 固定搭配:

◦ without doubt(毫无疑问)

◦ without delay(立即)

◦ without exception(毫无例外)

◦ without fail(必定)

◦ without hesitation(毫不犹豫)

◦ without permission(未经许可)

15. ABOVE 【方位/范围】

• 动介搭配:

◦ rise above(超越)

◦ get above oneself(自高自大)

• 固定搭配:

◦ above all(最重要的是)

◦ above average(高于平均水平)

◦ above suspicion(无可怀疑)

◦ above one's head(难以理解)

◦ keep one's head above water(勉强维持)

16. ALONG 【方位】

• 动介搭配:

◦ walk along(沿着…走)

◦ go along(前进;进行)

◦ get along(进展;相处)

◦ come along(一起来;进展)

• 固定搭配:

◦ along with(和…一起)

◦ all along(一直,始终)

◦ right along(一直地)

17. AMONG 【方位/范围】

• 动介搭配:

◦ stand among(站在…中)

◦ count among(算作…之一)

◦ distribute among(在…中分配)

• 固定搭配:

◦ among other things(其中;除了别的以外)

◦ among ourselves(在我们之间)

◦ fall among(偶然遇到)

18. AROUND 【方位/时间】

• 动介搭配:

◦ look around(环顾四周)

◦ turn around(转身)

◦ hang around(闲逛)

◦ come around(来访;恢复知觉)

• 固定搭配:

◦ around the corner(在拐角处;即将发生)

◦ around here(在这附近)

◦ around the clock(昼夜不停)

◦ all around(到处,四周)

19. AS 【方式/比较】

• 动介搭配:

◦ regard as(把…看作)

◦ work as(担任…工作)

◦ serve as(充当)

◦ act as(担任;充当)

• 固定搭配:

◦ as...as...(和…一样)

◦ as soon as(一…就)

◦ such as(例如)

◦ as a result(结果)

◦ as usual(像往常一样)

◦ as well(也)

◦ as if/though(好像)

20. BEFORE 【时间/方位】

• 动介搭配:

◦ come before(先于)

◦ appear before(出现在…面前)

• 固定搭配:

◦ before long(不久以后)

◦ the day before yesterday(前天)

◦ before now(在此之前)

◦ put the cart before the horse(本末倒置)

21. BEHIND 【方位功能】

• 动介搭配:

◦ fall behind(落后)

◦ leave behind(留下;遗留)

◦ stay behind(留下来)

◦ lag behind(落后)

• 固定搭配:

◦ behind schedule(落后于计划)

◦ behind the times(过时)

◦ behind one's back(背地里)

◦ behind closed doors(秘密地)

22. BELOW 【方位功能】

• 固定搭配:

◦ below zero(零度以下)

◦ below average(低于平均水平)

◦ see below(见下文)

◦ below the belt(不正当的)

23. BESIDE 【方位功能】

• 固定搭配:

◦ beside oneself(发狂,忘形)

◦ beside the point(离题,不相关)

24. BESIDES 【所属/范围功能】

• 固定搭配:

◦ besides this/that(除此之外)

◦ no one besides(除…外没有人)

25. BETWEEN 🌟【方位功能】

• 动介搭配:

◦ choose between(在…之间选择)

◦ distinguish between(区分)

◦ decide between(在…之间决定)

• 固定搭配:

◦ between you and me(你我之间,私下说)

◦ in between(在中间)

◦ read between the lines(体会言外之意)

◦ come between(离间)

26. BEYOND 【范围功能】

• 固定搭配:

◦ beyond belief(难以置信)

◦ beyond control(失控)

◦ beyond repair(无法修复)

◦ beyond one's means(超出支付能力)

◦ beyond compare(无与伦比)

27. BUT 【范围功能】

• 固定搭配:

◦ nothing but(只有,仅仅)

◦ anything but(根本不)

◦ all but(几乎,差一点)

◦ cannot but(不得不)

28. DOWN 【方位功能】

• 动介搭配:

◦ sit down(坐下)

◦ write down(写下)

◦ break down(分解;崩溃)

◦ calm down(冷静下来)

◦ turn down(调低;拒绝)

◦ put down(放下;记下)

◦ settle down(安定下来)

◦ shut down(关闭)

• 固定搭配:

◦ down the street(沿着街道)

◦ up and down(上上下下)

◦ down to earth(实际的,现实的)

◦ down in the dumps(情绪低落)

29. DURING 🌟【时间功能】

• 固定搭配:

◦ during the day(在白天)

◦ during the war(在战争期间)

◦ during one's lifetime(在某人的一生中)

◦ during the course of(在…过程中)

30. EXCEPT 🌟【范围功能】

• 固定搭配:

◦ except for(除了…以外)

◦ except that(除了…,后接从句)

◦ with the exception of(除…之外)

31. INSIDE 【方位功能】

• 固定搭配:

◦ inside out(里外翻转)

◦ inside information(内部消息)

◦ on the inside(从内部;知内情)

32. INTO 【方位功能】

• 动介搭配:

◦ turn into(变成)

◦ look into(调查)

◦ run into(偶然遇见)

◦ get into(进入;陷入)

◦ break into(闯入)

◦ change into(变成)

◦ divide into(分成)

◦ translate into(翻译成)

• 固定搭配:

◦ into pieces(成碎片)

◦ burst into tears(突然哭起来)

◦ bump into(偶然遇见)

◦ talk into(说服)

33. LIKE 【方式/比较功能】

• 动介搭配:

◦ look like(看起来像)

◦ feel like(想要)

◦ sound like(听起来像)

◦ taste like(尝起来像)

◦ smell like(闻起来像)

• 固定搭配:

◦ something like(有点像,大约)

◦ like crazy/mad(疯狂地)

◦ like father, like son(有其父必有其子)

◦ and the like(等等,诸如此类)

34. NEAR 【方位功能】

• 固定搭配:

◦ near by(在附近)

◦ draw near(临近,靠近)

◦ near and dear(亲密的)

◦ nowhere near(远不及,根本不)

◦ near at hand(在手边;即将发生)

35. OFF 【方位功能】

• 动介搭配:

◦ take off(起飞;脱下)

◦ turn off(关闭)

◦ get off(下车)

◦ cut off(切断)

◦ set off(出发)

◦ show off(炫耀)

◦ put off(推迟)

◦ call off(取消)

• 固定搭配:

◦ off duty(下班)

◦ off and on(断断续续地)

◦ well off(富裕的)

◦ off the record(非正式的)

◦ off the beaten track(偏僻的)

36. OUTSIDE 【方位功能】

• 固定搭配:

◦ outside of(除…之外)

◦ at the outside(最多,充其量)

◦ outside world(外界)

◦ outside chance(极小的可能性)

37. OVER 【方位功能】

• 动介搭配:

◦ go over(复习;检查)

◦ think over(仔细考虑)

◦ take over(接管)

◦ look over(检查;浏览)

◦ run over(碾过;溢出)

◦ turn over(翻转;移交)

◦ get over(克服;恢复)

◦ watch over(照看)

• 固定搭配:

◦ over there(在那边)

◦ all over(到处;结束)

◦ over and over(反复地)

◦ over the moon(非常高兴)

◦ over one's head(超过理解能力)

38. PAST 【时间/方位功能】

• 动介搭配:

◦ walk past(走过)

◦ drive past(开车经过)

◦ run past(跑过)

• 固定搭配:

◦ half past(…点半)

◦ past belief(难以置信)

◦ live in the past(守旧)

◦ past it(老朽,过时)

39. ROUND 【方位功能】

• 固定搭配:

◦ all year round(全年)

◦ round the clock(昼夜不停)

◦ round trip(往返旅行)

◦ round about(大约;在…周围)

◦ go round(足够分配;流传)

40. SINCE 🌟【时间功能】

• 固定搭配:

◦ ever since(从那时起一直)

◦ since then(从那时起)

◦ long since(很久以前)

41. THROUGH 【方位/方式功能】

• 动介搭配:

◦ go through(经历;通过)

◦ look through(浏览;看穿)

◦ get through(通过;完成)

◦ come through(经历…仍活着)

◦ fall through(失败)

◦ see through(看穿;帮助度过难关)

• 固定搭配:

◦ through and through(完全,彻底)

◦ all through(自始至终)

◦ break through(突破)

◦ pull through(恢复健康;渡过难关)

42. TILL 【时间功能】

• 固定搭配:

◦ up till now(直到现在)

◦ from morning till night(从早到晚)

◦ good-bye till tomorrow(明天见)

43. TOWARD(S) 【方位功能】

• 动介搭配:

◦ go towards(朝…走去)

◦ work towards(为…努力)

◦ lean towards(倾向于)

• 固定搭配:

◦ attitude towards(对…的态度)

◦ step towards(朝着…的一步)

◦ towards evening(临近黄昏)

44. UNDER 【方位功能】

• 动介搭配:

◦ come under(归入;受到)

◦ fall under(属于;受到)

• 固定搭配:

◦ under control(在控制下)

◦ under construction(在建设中)

◦ under pressure(在压力下)

◦ under the weather(身体不适)

◦ under age(未成年)

◦ under way(进行中)

◦ under discussion(讨论中)

◦ under repair(维修中)

45. UNTIL 🌟【时间功能】

• 固定搭配:

◦ not...until...(直到…才)

◦ until now(直到现在)

◦ until then(直到那时)

◦ wait until(等到)

46. UP 【方位功能】

• 动介搭配:

◦ stand up(站起来)

◦ give up(放弃)

◦ wake up(醒来)

◦ make up(组成;化妆)

◦ set up(建立)

◦ pick up(捡起;学会)

◦ grow up(长大)

◦ clean up(清理干净)

◦ hurry up(赶快)

◦ look up(查阅;抬头看)

• 固定搭配:

◦ up to(直到;由…决定)

◦ up and down(上上下下)

◦ up to date(最新的)

◦ up in arms(强烈反对)

◦ up for grabs(供争夺)

47. UPON 【方位功能】

• 动介搭配:

◦ depend upon(依赖)

◦ look upon(看待)

◦ come upon(偶然遇见)

• 固定搭配:

◦ once upon a time(从前)

◦ upon arrival(一到就)

◦ upon request(根据要求)

◦ upon my word(我保证)

48. WITHIN 【范围功能】

• 固定搭配:

◦ within reach(在可及范围内)

◦ within sight(在视线内)

◦ within reason(合情合理地)

◦ within an hour(在一小时内)

◦ within one's power(在某人力所能及的范围内)

◦ within limits(在一定限度内)

介词虽小,功能强大;搭配牢记,运用自如!

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