小学英语期末考试知识点清单,轻松备战!

1. a, an的选择: 元音字母开头的单词用an,辅音字母开头的单词用a. 

2. am , is , are的选择: 单数用is , 复数用are. I 用 am , you 用 are. 

3. have , has 的选择: 表示某人有某物.单数用has , 复数用have. I ,you 用 have . 

4. there is, there are 的选择:表示某地有某物,某人.单数用there is , 复数用there are. 

5. some, any 的选择:肯定句用some, 疑问句和否定句用any. 

6. 疑问词的选择:what (什么) who (谁) where (哪里) whose (谁的) why(为什么)when(什么时候)which(哪一个)how old (多大) how many (多少)how much(多少钱) 

当我们需要对事物作出比较时,需要用到比较级.比较级的句子结构通常是: 

什么 + 动词be (am , is , are ) + 形容词比较级 + than(比)+ 什么 ,如: 

I'm taller and heavier than you. (我比你更高和更重.) 
An elephant is bigger than a tiger. (一只大象比一只老虎更大.)

 
形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的,它的变化规则是: 
① 一般的直接在词尾加er ,如 tall - taller , strong - stronger , 
② 以e结尾的,直接加r ,如 fine – finer , 
③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的,先改y为i再加er,如funny - funnier 
④ 双写最后的字母再加er,如big – bigger, thin – thinner ,hot – hotter 

动词的过去式的构成规则有:

A,规则动词 
① 一般直接在动词的后面加ed:如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited 
② 以e结尾的动词直接加d:如 lived , danced , used 
③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少)如 study – studied carry – carried worry – worried (注意play,stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类) 
④ 双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如 stopped 

B,不规则动词(此类词并无规则,须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式:sing – sang , eat – ate , see – saw , have – had , do – did , go - went , take - took , buy - bought , get - got , read - read ,fly - flew , am/is - was , 
are - were , say - said , leave - left , swim - swam , tell - told , draw - drew , come - came , lose - lost , find - found , drink - drank , hurt - hurt , feel - felt 

① 一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating 
② 以e 结尾的动词,要先去e再加ing ,如having , writing 
③ 双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有:running , swimming , sitting , getting 

人称代词分为主格和宾格，主格和宾格区别：主格和宾格汉语意思相同，但位置不同。

Eg:I(主格)"我"-- me (宾格)"我"

主格在陈述句中通常放句首，宾格通常放在动词后或介词后，也就是说宾格，不放在句首。

Eg :I have a new car.( I 主格)

Excuse me (me 宾格)

I ask him to go (him 宾格)

They sit in front of me (me 宾格)

主格(8个)：I 我you你 he他 she她 it它 we 我们you 你们they他(她、它)们

宾格(8个)：me我 you你 him 他her她 it它 us我们 you你们 them他(她、它)们

1.肯定句:是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子,

如:I'm a student. 

She is a doctor. 

He works in a hospital. 
There are four fans in our classroom.

2,否定句:含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子,

如:I'm not a student.
He does not (doesn't) work in a hospital. 

There are not (aren't) four fans in our classroom. 

3,一般疑问句:是指询问事实的句子,此类句子必须用"yes",或"no"来回答. 

如:Are you a student ？Yes, I am \ No, I'm not.
Is she a doctor？Yes, she is. \ No, she isn't.
Does he work in a hospital ？\Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't.
Did you watch TV yesterday evening?\ Yes, I did. / No, I didn't. 

4,特殊疑问句:以特殊疑问词(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等)开头引导的句子.此类句子应该问什么就答什么,不能用"yes ,no"来回答.如: 

What is this？
Where are you going？
Who played football with you yesterday afternoon？
When do you usually get up？
Why do you like spring best ？
How are you？

1、简缩形式的变法：把倒数第二个字母，通常是元音字母变成' 但are除外，are要把a打成' 。Eg:he is=he's  they are=they're

2、简缩形式和完全形式的汉语意思相同。

3、把完全形式变成简缩形式时，一定要注意第一个字母的大小变化。Eg:What is =What's

4、记住一个特殊变化;let's =let us 让我们(不要把' 变成i) 5、记住：thisis 没有简缩形式this's(错误)

5.常见的缩略形式：

I'm=I am    he's=he is     she's=she is              they're=they

are you're=you are        there's=there is       they're=they are 

can't=can not                  don't=do not          doesn't=does not 

isn't=is not                       aren't=are not         let's=let us 

won't=will not                  I'll=I will                    wasn't=was not