一、高频词汇（原文重点，优先背诵）

1. ninth-grade  adj.九年级的
2. cowboy   n.牛仔
3. strict  adj.   严格的
4. straight A’s  n.全优成绩
5. heartbreak  n.心碎
6. reject  v.拒绝
7. interpret   v.解释；理解
8. thesis  n.论点
9. shocked  adj.震惊的
10. necessity  n.必要性
11. strike sb. as   phr.给某人……的印象
12. persuasive    adj.有说服力的
13. health-related   adj.与健康相关的
14. assignment    n.作业；任务
15. personal-narrative   adj.个人叙事的
16. creative-writing    adj.创意写作的
17. specification   n.要求；规格
18. genre    n.体裁
19. staggering    adj.惊人的
20. diverse   adj.多样的
21. broaden   v.拓宽
22. significance     n.意义；重要性
23. connection    n .连接
24. put us in another’s skin    phr.   让我们设身处地
25. demonstrate   v.证明；展示

二、词性转换

1. interpret（v. 解释；诠释；口译）→ interpretation（n. 解释；诠释；口译）→interpretive（adj. 解释性的）→ interpretively（adv. 解释性地）
2. reject（v. 拒绝；驳回）→ rejection（n. 拒绝；否决）→ rejected（adj. 被拒绝的）
3. necessitate（v. 使有必要）→ necessity（n. 必要性；必需品）→ necessary（adj. 必要的）→ necessarily（adv. 必然地）
4. persuade（v. 说服；劝说）→ persuasion（n. 说服；信念）→ persuasive（adj. 有说服力的）→ persuasively（adv. 有说服力地）
5. specify（v. 明确说明；指定）→ specification（n. 规格；详述）→ specific（adj. 具体的；特定的）→ specifically（adv. 明确地；专门地）
6. stagger（v. 蹒跚；使震惊）→ staggering（adj. 令人震惊的）→ staggeringly（adv. 惊人地）
7. diversify（v. 使多样化）→ diversity（n. 多样性）→ diverse（adj. 多种多样的）→ diversely（adv. 多样地）
8. broaden（v. 拓宽）→ breadth（n. 宽度；广度）→ broad（adj. 宽阔的；广泛的）→ broadly（adv. 广泛地；大体上）
9. signify（v. 意味着；表明）→ significance（n. 重要性；意义）→ significant（adj. 重要的；显著的）→ significantly（adv. 显著地）
10. connect（v. 连接；联系）→ connection（n. 联系；连接）→ connected（adj. 有关联的）
11. demonstrate（v. 证明；展示）→ demonstration（n. 示范；证明）→ demonstrative（adj. 说明性的；外露感情的）→ demonstratively（adv. 论证地）

三、一词多义

1. meet   v. 遇见/ v. 满足/ v. 会面
   例：I met a cowboy…
   meet the specifications
   meet a friend
   本文：met a cowboy遇见一个牛仔（人物）
2. strike    v. 给……印象/ v. 打击/v.罢工
   例：didn’t strike them as important
   strike the ball
   go on strike
   本文：didn’t strike them as important = 没让他们觉得重要
3. contain    v. 包含/v. 控制/ v. 容纳
   例：contain a thesis
   contain the fire
   contain 35 people
   本文：contain a thesis = 包含一个论点
4. fill    v. 填满/ v. 充满/ v. 填写
   例：fill less than one page
   be filled with joy
   fill in a form
   本文：filled less than one page = 写了不到一页
5. turn in    上交/归还/告发
   例：turn in stories
   turn in the book
   turn sb. in
   本文：turned in stories = 上交故事
6. ring    v. 响/ n. 戒指/ v. 打电话
   例：the final bell rang
   a gold ring
   ring me up
   本文：the final bell rang = 期末铃声响起
7. walk away   离开/ 带走/轻易赢得
   例：walk away with a yearbook
   walk away with the prize
   本文：walked away with a yearbook = 带着一本年鉴离开

四、高频短语

1. ninth-grade writing class 九年级写作课
2. save one’s town 拯救某人的小镇
3. demand sb. earn straight A’s 要求某人拿全优
4. die of heartbreak 死于心碎
5. reject the love of her young life 拒绝了她年少时的挚爱
6. more than once 不止一次
7. the ability to connect people 连接人的能力
8. know one’s subjects so well 对题材如此了解
9. be different for 对……来说不同
10. fill less than one page 写了不到一页
11. be interpreted as 被理解为
12. thesis statement 论点陈述
13. be shocked 震惊
14. the problem was the question itself 问题出在问题本身
15. in and of itself 本身；就其本身而言(作文慎用)
16. strike sb. as important 让某人觉得重要
17. teach us what it means to be human 教我们何以为人
18. write a persuasive piece 写一篇说服性文章
19. a health-related topic 健康相关话题
20. writing’s most powerful significance 写作最强大的意义
21. put us in another’s skin
    = put ourselves in others’ shoes  换位思考、共情他人
22. a personal-narrative unit 个人叙事单元
23. a creative-writing workshop 创意写作工作坊
24. meet the specifications of its genre 符合其体裁要求
25. contain a thesis 包含论点
26. the results were staggering  结果惊人
27. take on diverse topics 选择多样的话题
28. turn in stories 上交故事
29. broaden one’s view 拓宽视野
30. touch one’s heart 触动心灵
31. as a means of communication 作为交流手段
32. demonstrate something more important 证明更重要的东西
33. the final bell rang  期末铃响
34. walk away with  带着……离开
35. a yearbook full of messages  一本写满留言的年鉴

五、长难句拆解

1. In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I met a cowboy who saved his town, a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s, and a modern-day Juliet who died of heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life.
   分析：复合句。
   时间地点状语：In my ninth-grade writing class last year
   主句：I met a cowboy, a strict father, and a modern-day Juliet
   定语从句 1：who saved his town 修饰a cowboy
   定语从句 2：who demanded his son earn straight A’s 修饰a strict father
   定语从句 3：who died of heartbreak修饰a modern-day Juliet
   👉在第 3 个定语从句内部，嵌套时间状语从句：after her parents rejected the love of her young life
   翻译：去年在我的九年级写作课上，我读到一个拯救小镇的牛仔、一位要求儿子拿全优的严厉父亲，以及一名现代版朱丽叶，因父母反对她年少的恋情心碎离世。
   📌语法点：demand 后接宾语从句用虚拟语气，省略 should，结构：demand (that) sb. (should) do sth.
2. More than once, I found myself wondering just how my students, who’d created these people, knew their subjects so well.
   分析：复合句。
   频度状语：More than once
   主句：I found myself wondering…
   宾语从句：how my students knew their subjects so well
   非限制性定语从句：who’d created these people，修饰my students
   find oneself doing sth. 不知不觉/ 不由得做某事（高频句型，写作可仿写）
   翻译：不止一次，我发现自己在想：创作出这些人物的学生，究竟怎么会对笔下的内容如此了解。
3. They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn’t strike them as important.
   分析：but连接的并列句。
   分句 1：They could have written pages on the necessity of computers
   分句 2：writing simply didn’t strike them as important
   插入语：in and of itself
   ✅考点补充could have done 本可以做（实际没做，虚拟语气，高考高频）
   ✅重点句型：sth. strikes sb. as + adj. 在某人看来……
   翻译：他们本可以就电脑的必要性写好几页，但写作本身，就是没让他们觉得重要。
4. For the next two assignments, a personal-narrative unit followed by a creative-writing workshop, I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre and that it contain a thesis.
   分析：复合句。
   时间状语：For the next two assignments
   同位语：a personal-narrative unit followed by a creative-writing workshop，解释说明 two assignments
   后置定语：followed by a creative-writing workshop（过去分词短语），修饰 a personal-narrative unit，表示 “紧随其后”
   主句：I only required…
   并列宾语从句 1：that the piece meet the specifications of its genre
   并列宾语从句 2：that it contain a thesis
   ✅考点补充：require后宾语从句用 (should)+ 动词原形，虚拟语气。
   翻译：接下来两项任务，先是个人叙事单元，之后是创意写作工坊，我只要求文章符合体裁规范，并且要有明确论点。
5. The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart.
   分析：复合句
   主句：The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories
   同位语：10 to 20 pages each，解释说明 stories
   介词短语作后置定语：with characters，修饰 stories
   定语从句：that broadened my view and touched my heart，修饰characters
   翻译：学生们选择了多样的话题，交上来的故事每篇 10 到 20 页，里面的人物拓宽了我的视野，触动了我的心。
6. When the final bell rang in June, I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing’s most powerful significance—the ability to connect people, to put us in another’s skin, to teach us what it means to be human.
   分析：复合句
   时间状语从句：When the final bell rang in June
   主句：I walked away with a yearbook full of messages
   介词短语作后置定语：about writing’s most powerful significance，修饰messages
   破折号后内容：同位语，解释 significance，三个不定式 to connect…, to put…, to teach…并列作 the ability 的定语
   内嵌宾语从句：what it means to be human，作 teach 的宾语
   put us in another’s skin 固定习语：换位思考，设身处地
   翻译：六月期末铃响时，我带着一本年鉴离开，里面满是关于写作最强大意义的留言——连接人、让我们设身处地、教我们何以为人。

六、写作积累(打印背诵)

1. Writing is important as a means of communication.
   写作作为一种交流方式十分重要。
2. However, my students demonstrated something more important to me.
   然而，我的学生让我看到了更为重要的东西。
3. Writing has the ability to connect people and put us in another’s skin.
   写作能够拉近人与人之间的距离，让我们学会换位思考。
4. It teaches us what it means to be human.
   它教会我们何为共情，懂得人之为人的意义。
5. The works can broaden our view and touch our hearts.
   这些作品能够开阔视野，触动心灵。
6. Different topics can strike us as interesting and meaningful.
   不同的主题会让我们觉得有趣且富有意义。
7. Good writing should contain a clear thesis and meet the specifications of its genre.
   优秀的文章应当主旨明确，并且符合文体要求。

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