交互版最新五年高考真题分类优化卷·英语(十六)语法填空(二)——12 篇 120 空,原文答案解析一次配齐

💬 这一卷把 2021—2026 年的 12 篇语法填空真题拉通整理：海洋塑料、西安城墙、乡村大集、太极课、围棋与艺术、服装租赁……120 个空，逐空给答案、考点和定位句。想玩完整版——点空位直接弹解析、点单词查词典、导出 PDF，去文末“阅读原文”打开交互版讲评工具，手机电脑都能用。

一、120 个空，考的是什么

先看清考点分布，再逐篇精讲

▫️ 词性转换（形/名/副）　27 个

▫️ 非谓语动词　22 个

▫️ 时态与主谓一致　12 个

▫️ 介词　10 个

▫️ 连词　8 个

▫️ 从句引导词　10 个

▫️ 冠词　8 个

▫️ 名词的数与所有格　6 个

▫️ 被动语态　6 个

▫️ 比较等级　4 个

▫️ 代词　3 个

▫️ 固定搭配与句式　3 个

▫️ 数词　1 个

二、十二篇语篇逐篇精讲

原文 · 逐空答案 · 考点 · 定位句

P1 · 海洋塑料垃圾

2021·全国新高考Ⅱ卷 ｜ 第 1—10 空

I've always loved the ocean. In the 【1】 (seven) grade, I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California. I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, 【2】 (think) it is food.

I decided to do something 【3】 (educate) people about this problem. I held presentations at schools to teach kids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I learned of a company 【4】 used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back.

One day, I saw a commercial for a health-care company. People in the ad were using plastic straws (吸管). I found the contact information of the company 【5】 emailed its president. I told him how 【6】 (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. I was so 【7】 (excite) when he wrote back to me. He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half.

I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to 【8】 (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. A company 【9】 (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over【10】 plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.

P2 · 西安城墙骑行

2021·全国甲卷 ｜ 第 11—20 空

The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It 【11】 (build) originally to protect the city 【12】 the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). It is possible 【13】 (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.

We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall. After 【14】 (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what 【15】 (good) than to ride on a piece of history!

We 【16】 (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky 【17】 did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all 【18】 way around the Xi'an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and 【19】 (watchtower) to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their 【20】 (day) routines.

P3 · 生态旅游

2021·全国乙卷 ｜ 第 21—30 空

Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact (影响) travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 【21】 (educate) about the areas—both in terms ofgeographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the 【22】 (develop) of the local areas.

Ecotourism has 【23】 (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept 【24】 the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.

Due to 【25】 growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types 【26】 trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles: · Minimize the impact of 【27】 (visit) the place. · Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices. · Provide 【28】 (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples. · Make sure that the tourism provides experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.

Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. 【29】 (activity) there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim 【30】 (have) a low impact on the natural environment.

P4 · 乡村大集

2026·全国Ⅰ卷 ｜ 第 31—40 空

Daji, or big open-air fairs, typically take place on specific dates of the lunar calendar, for example, on dates with five or seven as the last digit. It is also common for them 【31】 (hold) during traditional Chinese holidays such as the Spring Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival, as well as other local festivals. The exact dates and 【32】 (frequent) of daji vary from region to region.

Daji originated from the ancient folk custom of trading goods, which dates back to【33】 Han Dynasty. As transportation and communication 【34】 (be) underdeveloped at that time, it was very difficult for households to obtain daily 【35】 (necessity). As a solution, people gathered at specific locations on set days to trade their surplus (剩余的) items 【36】 what they needed.

In addition to being venues for buying and selling, daji are occasions for socializing and entertainment. People from near and far crowd into these markets on daji days. 【37】 (draw) by the aroma (香味) of street food, they line up in front of stands 【38】 are selling dumplings and hot noodle soup. While eating and enjoying street performances, they chat with each other and share stories of their daily lives. Before 【39】 (head) home, they fill their shopping bags with fresh fruit and vegetables from local farmers, at prices significantly 【40】 (cheap) than those found in supermarkets.

P5 · 北京胡同与四合院

2023·浙江高考卷·1月 ｜ 第 41—50 空

During China's dynastic period, emperors planned the city of Beijing 【41】 arranged the residential areas according to social classes. The term "hutong", 【42】 (original) meaning "water well" in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.

In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, 【43】 (surround) in concentric (同心的) circles by the Inner City and Outer City. Citizens of higher social classes 【44】 (permit) to live closer to the center of the circles. The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often 【45】 (feature) beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars (柱子). The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by 【46】 (space) homes and walled gardens. Farther from the center lived the commoners and laborers. Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and 【47】 (simple) in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower.

Hutongs represent an important cultural element of the city of Beijing. Thanks to Beijing's long history 【48】 capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic 【49】 (event). In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect 【50】 culture of grassroots Beijingers.

P6 · 第一次上太极课

2026·全国Ⅱ卷 ｜ 第 51—60 空

For the first 15 minutes of my tai chi (太极) class, we remain 【51】 (entire) in one spot to warm up. Angela, a tai chi 【52】 (instruct) with twenty-eight years of experience, says that a successful hour of tai chi is an hour with no negative thoughts. "Your mind 【53】 body go together. That's all that matters." Although not a morning person, I begin my lesson with Angela and about twenty others at a Sydney community centre courtyard at 7 am. "Put your 【54】 (foot) parallel (平行), and use your dan tian to hold up your body," she says.

In tai chi, the dan tian is your qi core and qi in Chinese means life force. Now, I 【55】 (suppose) to feel the weight on my legs and sink my dan tian. We move on to tai chi positions, of 【56】 there are forty-two in the style that Angela teaches. Today, we will only be doing the first nine. The movements have 【57】 (describe) names like "holding the bowl" and "grabbing the bird's tail". During most of the class, we follow Angela and concentrate on making tiny, isolated (单独) movements. Then, Angela gets us to try the nine movements on our own. I keep my eyes 【58】 a woman to my right and try to copy her movements, but unfortunately I soon lose focus.

At the end of the lesson, I feel wide awake, despite it still 【59】 (be) early at 8 am. It's time for my dan tian 【60】 (meet) another life force: coffee.

P7 · 森林散步 / 做选择 / 旅行与浪费

2025·北京高考卷 ｜ 第 61—70 空

Most days after school, I love walking in the forest with my dog Nick. It's 【61】 (peace), especially around sunset. Nick has a fun time smelling the leaves and running after rabbits. When Nick runs ahead, I hear him barking excitedly. I sometimes call him back, worried that he might have someone 【62】 (scare). The truth, though, is 【63】 could be guessed — there's never anyone else here. Just me, Nick, and the quiet forest.

When was the last time you took on a tough choice? Maybe this morning you debated whether to get up or stay in bed slightly 【64】 (long). Making choices is part of life. By the time you brushed your teeth, you 【65】 (make) several decisions even without noticing. Some choices are quick, while others take more thought. Usually, better outcomes 【66】 (achieve) through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance.

When 【67】 (travel), we engage with cultures and experiences. However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists 【68】 (leave) over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, 【69】 accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024. To reduce our impact, we can take simple steps: empty the fridge before heading out, and choose sustainable dining options. These efforts help us travel more responsibly. After all, exploring the world shouldn't come 【70】 the planet's expense.

P8 · 超市包装与“一人份”消费

2024·浙江高考卷·1月 ｜ 第 71—80 空

The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you're shopping for one, buying extra 【71】 (benefit) from price reductions doesn't make sense. Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home 【72】 you can't use what you've bought while it's still fresh. Of course, shops are not charities—they price goods in the way 【73】 will make them the most money. If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that's 【74】 they'll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed.

Many supermarkets are no longer doing "buy one get one free" promotions because of the 【75】 (criticize) that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual items. However, though it's nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes 【76】 (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn't want to eat them every day. If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years, some supermarkets 【77】 (start) selling chicken or salad in packs 【78】 (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份). Then, when you use one section, 【79】 other stays fresh.

Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking【80】 (one) may yet come out with a whole range of "just for you" pack sizes with special offers as well.

P9 · 围棋文化展

2025·全国Ⅰ卷 ｜ 第 81—90 空

An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, 【81】originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. Go is one of 【82】 earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games. The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, who is in charge of the exhibition.

"The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art," says Tu. "We hope 【83】 (present) the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism." "In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your '【84】 (guide)' till they lose," explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition.

"The players' personalities【85】 (reveal) during the game, and one's weaknesses are exposed to the opponent," she adds. "A decent winner always 【86】 (try) to beat the opponent【87】 no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side." Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the 【88】 (strategy) placement of the pieces, 【89】 the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, 【90】 (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.

P10 · 美国人在浙江乡村

2025·全国Ⅱ卷 ｜ 第 91—100 空

I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, 【91】 bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and 【92】 (center) heating doesn't exist.

Nothing in my life before prepared me 【93】 this one—and to be sure, the first time I came here I never imagined I would ever feel comfortable in this area. But it's amazing how you can adapt 【94】 learn in a new environment. Over time, I've found 【95】 (I) feeling extremely at home here. And in the process, I've experienced things that really surprise me at times. The "sunshine scent (香味)" of freshly sunned clothes 【96】 (be) one of them.

Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, denying me the chance 【97】 (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine—the sweet "sunshine scent" after sunning clothes for an entire day. The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the 【98】 (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky 【99】 (afternoon) with lots of fresh air. If you've never experienced the "sunshine scent" from a sheet or shirt 【100】 (leave) to sun for a day, well, you're missing out on one of life's wonders.

P11 · 服装租赁与共享经济

2025·浙江高考卷·1月 ｜ 第 101—110 空

The price of fashion—economically and environmentally—has led to the rise of 【101】 new way of dressing, and it's beginning to take off in Australia, too. As people now choose to wear more clothes fewer 【102】 (time), clothing rental services have become increasingly popular. "I think it's an amazing idea," says Tanya Perilli, who owns a clothing rental shop. "Customers today look past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead 【103】 the fact that they have something unique to wear 【104】 are not overstuffing their own wardrobes (衣柜) or contributing to landfill."

Tanya's shop offers fashion clothes for women 【105】 (rent) rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive 【106】 (solve) to one-time event dressing. The concept 【107】 (be) certainly not new—men have been renting good suits for decades—but for female shoppers, it is just taking off. This clothing-as-service model follows the broader societal movement towards shared economies. Tanya is also looking beyond special-occasion dresses to less formal clothing, 【108】 she plans to package as capsule wardrobes and offer to travellers, such as those headed to weddings abroad, with a longer-term rental period. "I really want to make this work for 【109】 (people) lives today, and I know that doesn't always mean 【110】 (return) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend," she says.

P12 · 可触摸的油画

2022·浙江高考卷·6月 ｜ 第 111—120 空

To understand a painting, we're taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting 【111】 (appreciate) by someone who's blind? Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not 【112】 (do). John Olson, a former 【113】 (photograph) and his team turn paintings into fully textured 3D models.

The tactile (可触知的) paintings work as a way to show art to 【114】 blind because we don't see with just our eyes: we see with our brains. Research in the field of neuroplasticity (神经可塑性)—the brain's adaptability—shows that the visual cortex (大脑皮层) is made active by touch. "Blind people recognize shapes with their 【115】 (exist) senses, in a way similar to that of 【116】 (sight) people," says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist.

Luc Gandarias, who's now thirteen, went blind suddenly 【117】 age seven. When he felt a 3D version of Leonardo da Vinci's "Mona Lisa", he 【118】 (notice) her smile right away. "I can actually feel what you see when you look at it," he said. For Luc, this means 【119】 (independent). "The feeling of being able to see it 【120】 to form my opinion is like breaking down another wall as a blind person."

📋 答案速查

对完答案再回去看解析，效率最高

P1 · 海洋塑料垃圾（1-10）　seventh / thinking / to educate / which/that / and / harmful / excited / was / representative / from

P2 · 西安城墙骑行（11-20）　was built / in/during / to walk / spending / better / hired / but / the / watchtowers / daily

P3 · 生态旅游（21-30）　educated / development / its / until / the / of / visiting / financial / Activities / to have

P4 · 乡村大集（31-40）　to be held / frequency / the / were / necessities / for / Drawn / that/which / heading / cheaper

P5 · 北京胡同与四合院（41-50）　and / originally / surrounded / were permitted / featured / spacious / simpler / as / events / the

P6 · 第一次上太极课（51-60）　entirely / instructor / and / feet / am supposed / which / descriptive / on / being / to meet

P7 · 森林散步 / 做选择 / 旅行与浪费（61-70）　peaceful / scared / what / longer / had made / are achieved / traveling / left / which / at

P8 · 超市包装与“一人份”消费（71-80）　to benefit / or / that/which / what / criticism / be offered / have started / designed / the / ones

P9 · 围棋文化展（81-90）　which / the / to present / guidance / are revealed / tries / by / strategic/strategical / and / digitally

P10 · 美国人在浙江乡村（91-100）　where / central / for / and / myself / is / to discover / absence / afternoons / left

P11 · 服装租赁与共享经济（101-110）　a / times / on / and / to rent / solution / is / which / people's / returning

P12 · 可触摸的油画（111-120）　be appreciated / to do / photographer / the / existing / sighted / at / noticed / independence / and

三、讲评时怎么用这一卷

给同行的三条实操建议

▫️ 课前：把 12 篇的答案速查发群里自测，每个同学只订正自己错的空——先回原文读三遍，再看解析；

▫️ 课中：按考点投屏讲，不讲题号讲类型——词性转换先定“干什么活”，非谓语先找“主句谓语”，从句先找“先行词”；

▫️ 课后：让每人在错题旁边抄一遍定位句（交互版点空位就能看），一周后把错得最多的那一篇重做一遍。

👉 完整交互版在这里

点左下角“阅读原文”。